SectionAGrammarFocus-4c Tounderstandpassivevoice(presenttense)Tolearntousepassivevoice(presenttense)Topracticeusingpassivevoice(presenttense)Objectives 1.你的外套是棉的吗？______yourcoats__________cotton?2.我的自行车产于美国。Mybikesare__________theUS.3.飞机模型是由什么制成？______themodelplane______of?madeinAremadeofWhat’smadePracticethesentences 4.它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。It’smadeof___________and_______.5.茶产自中国哪里？__________tea_________inChina?6.茶产自很多不同的地区。It’sproducedinmany________________.7.茶是如何制成的？_______istea__________?WhereisproduceddifferentareasusedwoodglassHowproduced 8.茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。Teaplants__________onthesidesofthemountains.Whentheleavesareready,they__________byhandandthen_________forprocessing.aregrownarepickedaresent 9.在杭州人们种植茶叶。People_________inHangzhou.Tea____________(bypeople)inHangzhou.growteaisgrown 【观察领悟】观察下列句子,思考谓语动词的用法。①Iammadetoworkhardeveryday.②AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.③Isitproducedinthisfactory?④Whataretheymadeof?⑤Wherearetheygrown? 被动语态的构成主语+be(am/is/are)+v(ed)+by+宾语【概括总结】 Areyourshirtsmadeofcotton?Yes,theyare.AndtheyweremadeintheUS.What’sthemodelplanemadeof?It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.WhereisteaproducedinChina?It’sproducedinmanydifferentareas.GrammarFocus Howisteaproduced?Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,theyarepickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.Activevoice:PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.Passivevoice:Teaisgrown(bypeople)inHangzhou. 1.Areyourshirtsmadeofcotton?C.Yes,theyare.AndtheyweremadeintheUS.2.What’sthemodelplanemadeof?B.It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.3.WhereisteaproducedinChina?A.It’sproducedinmanydifferentareas.4.Howisteaproduced?D.Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains. 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动完全一样。一般现在时的被动语态 肯定式否定式疑问式一般现在时Iamasked…He/Sheisasked…We/You/Theyareasked…Iamnotasked…He/Sheisnotasked…We/You/Theyarenotasked…AmIasked…?Ishe/sheasked…?Arewe/you/theyasked…? 一般现在时被动语态的基本用法用法示例表示经常性或习惯性发生的被动动作Iamoftenaskedthequestionbymypupils.表示近期正在发生的被动动作ThesedayspeoplearemovedbyateachernamedZhangLili.描述某种常态化的被动的客观事实Thespaceshipismainlycontrolledbycomputer.强调目前存在的针对行为主体人的被限制性动作Youaren’tallowedtotakephotos. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法第一步：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；第二步：将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词“结构；第三步：将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后（有时可省略）。如图示： 主动语态变为被动语态的方法They(主语）grow(谓语）tea(宾语）inthesouth-eastofChina.被动语态:主动语态:Tea(主语）isgrown(谓语）bytheminthesouth-eastofChina. Peopleplayfootballallovertheworld.2.TheoldmanonTVtellsastoryonSunday.3.Studentslistentothekindteachercarefully.Footballisplayedallovertheworldbypeople.AstoryistoldbytheoldmanonTVonSunday.Thekindteacherislistenedtobystudentscarefully.把下列的主动句变为被动句。 4aCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Childrenunder18______________(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2.We________(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.3.A:Whatlanguage________(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.arenotallowedarepaidisspoken 4.Mostoftheearth’ssurface___________(cover)bywater.5.Theclassroom___________(clean)bythestudentseveryday.iscoverediscleaned 4bRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains.Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses.______________________________________Thebestmaterialsareusedtomakedressesbythisshop. 3.Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.______________________________________________________________4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeople’shomes.________________________________________________________________Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeople’shomebythepostman.Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving. 5.Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften.____________________________________________________________Thissilverplateisnotusedveryoftenbyourfamily. 4cAskfiveclassmatesaboutsomethingtheyarewearingorhaveintheirschoolbags.Thelistofwordsbelowmayhelpyou.pencil,jacket,sweater,T-shirt,shoes,cap,gloves,ring...A:What’syourpencilmadeof?B:It’smadeofwood.A:Wherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinShanghai. What’syourpencilmadeof?It’smadeofwood.Wherewasitmade?ItwasmadeinShanghai.Practice What’syourcapmadeof?It’smadeofcotton.Wherewasitmade?ItwasmadeinBeijing.帽子 Whatareyourglovesmadeof?Theyaremadeofwool.Whereweretheymade?TheyweremadeinXinjiang.手套 What’syourringmadeof?It’smadeofsilver.Wherewasitmade?ItwasmadeinHongkong. LanguagePointsWhatlanguageisspokeninGermany?在德国人们说什么语言？Germany名词，意为“德国”，是国家名称。German是其形容词形式，意为“德国的”；还可作名词，意为“德语；德国人”。►TheweatherinGermanyisquitedifferent.德国的天气截然不同。►AGermanspeaksGerman.德国人说德语。 词尾为-man表示某国人的单词的复数形式一般是-man变为-men。►anEnglishman——twoEnglishmen►aFrenchman——twoFrenchmen但是，German“德国人”的复数形式则是直接加-s。►aGerman——twoGermans Mostoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。surface(theoutsideortoppartofsomething)名词，意为“表面；表层”。►Thebowlhasashinysurface.这个碗表面光亮。surface(theouterappearanceofperson,thingorsituation.)作名词，还可表示“外表；外观”。►Hergentlenessisonlyonthesurface.她只是外表温和而已。 Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.粗心驾驶导致很多交通事故。traffic名词，意为“交通；路上行驶的车辆”，指的是路上来往的车辆和行人，是不可数名词。►Thereisheavytrafficduringtherushhours.上下班时间交通很拥挤。►Thereislittletrafficonthisroad.这条路上行驶的车辆很少。 Itissaidthattwo______andthree_____aregoingtovisitourschoolnextweek.A.German;JapaneseB.Germany;JapanC.Germanys;JapansD.Germans;Japanese2.Drivingafterdrinkingwine______inChina.A.allowsB.doesn’tallowC.isallowedD.isn’tallowedDDⅠ.单项选择。Exercises 3.—Excuseme,haven’tyoulearnedthenew_____law?Everyoneinacarmustweartheseatbelt.—Sorry,wewon’tdothatagain.A.foodB.trafficC.medicineD.education4.Ifmoretrees____,ourcitywillbemoreandmorebeautiful.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplantedBC Ⅱ.用正确的形式填空。①English___________(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.②Flowers_____________(grow)inthepark.③He______________(notallow)togooutwithhisfriendsonweekends.④When_____they________(invite)tocomehere?isusedaregrownisn’tallowedareinvited Ⅲ.句型转换。Iwashdisheseveryday.(改为被动语态)________________________everyday.2.MostofthefarmworkisdonebymachineinChinatoday.(改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________inChinatoday?3.Thejacketismadeofcotton.(改为否定句)Thejacket_______________cotton.DishesarewashedbymeIsmostofthefarmworkdonebymachineisn’tmadeof 4.FrenchandEnglisharespokeninCanada.(对画线部分提问)__________________________inCanada?5.Hetakesgoodcareofthechild.(改为被动语态)____________________________________WhatlanguagearespokenThechildistakengoodcareofbyhim. Theenvironmentinmyhometownisimprovingbecausemanytreeseveryyear．A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedC中考链接每年有许多树被种植，要用一般现在时的被动语态。 —Ienjoywalkingonthecleanstreetsinthemorning.—Youknowthey______bythehard-workingcleanerseveryday.A.cleanB.arecleanedC.arecleaningD.willcleanB每天被勤劳的清洁工人打扫，要用一般现在时的被动语态。 HomeworkMasterwhatyouhavelearnedinthislesson.Previewthenextlesson.