SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth! 学习目标Keywords&phrases:takepartin,afford,turnoff,reusable,payfor,takeaction,transportationKeysentences:1.Haveyouevertakenpartinanenvironmentalproject?2.Weshouldhelpsavethesharks.Toreviewdifferenttensesandvoices. RevisionRetellthepassageaboutsharksin3aWhat'sthesharks'problem?Whyaretheyendangered?SomefactsandnumbersaboutsharksatpresentHowtosavethesharks Reason:Comment:Sharkfinsoup:Whatpeopledo:Result:Sharks’situation:Environmentalprotectiongroups(WildAid&WWF):scientificstudies:atthetopoffoodchain,ecosystem,numbersdrop,bringdangerto...popular,southernChinacatch,cutoff,throw…backinto...without,cannolongerswim,slowlydiesnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultobeendangered,although…②numbers,havefallen,90%,inthelast20to30years.②teach…about…①ask...to...lawstostop…①70million,arecaught,traded,industryNo…,show…,begoodfor... PresentationGrammarFocusWe’retryingtosavetheearth.PresentprogressiveTheriverusedtobesoclean.usedtoTheairisbadlypolluted.PassivevoiceNoscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.PresentperfectWeshouldhelpsavethesharks.Modalverbs Grammar现在进行时现在进行时基本结构基本用法标志词be(am/is/are)+动词-ing1.表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.表示现阶段或当前一段时间之内正在进行的动作。now、look、listen、thesedays等 a.一般情况下，在动词词尾后加-ing。如：go→going。b.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加-ing。如：have→having。c.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：run→running。动词-ing形式的构成 现在完成时现在完成时基本结构基本用法标志词have/has+过去分词1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在且还有可能持续下去的动作。already、yet、ever、never、for+时间段、since+时间点、sofar、inthelast/past...years等 过去分词的构成一般情况下，在动词后加-ed。如:work→worked。在以e结尾的动词后只加-d。如:close→closed。以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-ed。如:study→studied。以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed。如:stop→stopped。 不规则动词的过去分词:AAA型putputputAAB型beatbeatbeatenABA型becomebecamebecomeABB型getgotgot/gottenABC型beginbeganbegun 被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。Icleanedmyroom.→Myroomwascleanedbyme.Isawhimcrosstheroadandentertheshop.→Hewasseentocrosstheroadandentertheshop.在含有使役动词(如：make)或感官动词(see、watch、notice、hear等)的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。 被动语态的构成被动语态的基本结构：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词一般将来时的被动语态：willbe/isgoingtobe+过去分词含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词 1.情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。2.情态动词后接动词原形。3.常用的情态动词有：can/could、may/might、must/haveto、should/oughtto、would、need等。情态动词 usedtousedto意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形。usedto句型的否定句形式：didn’tuseto...usedto句型的一般疑问句形式：Did+主语+useto...?usedtodo表示过去常常做某事，而现在往往不做了；beusedtodoing表示习惯于做某事。 Practice4aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Joe:______youever________(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I_______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas__________(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity______ever________(have).Joe:Howmanypeople________(take)part?Havetakenhelpedconsideredhadhadtook Ken:I___________(think)morethan1,000people______(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Ken:Yes,wecan’taffordto________(wait)anylongertotakeaction!thinkcametryingwait 4bFillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbsfromthebox.People_________thinkthatbigthings__________________bedonetosavetheearth.Manyforgetthatsavingtheearthbeginswithsmallthings.Forexample,you______________saveelectricitybyturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.You_______________alsousereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.canwouldcouldhavetoshouldmustmay/mightmay/mightshould/haveto/mustcan/could/shouldcan/could/shouldadj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的关掉 Ithinkit’sagreatideathatyounow_______payforplasticbagsinsomestores.Andinsteadofdrivingtoschoolorwork,you_______________rideyourbikeorwalk.Ifit’sfar,you__________takethebus.Allthesesmallthings__________addupandbecomebigthingsthat______________improvetheenvironment.Let’stakeactionnow!havetocan/could/shouldcan/couldcan/couldwould/can/could付费；付出代价采取行动 4cMakealistofthingsthatpeoplecandotohelptheenvironmentanddiscussyourlistwithyourpartner.Ithinkthateveryoneshouldusepublictransportation.Idisagree.It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation...usepublictransportationn.运输业；交通运输 usepublictransportation(n.交通运输);turnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom;usereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags;rideyourbikeorwalktoschoolorwork;stopusingpapernapkins(餐巾纸);recyclebooksandpaper...Discussion Languagepoints1.Haveyouevertakenpartinanenvironmentalproject?(教材P1004a)takepartin参加takepartin多指参加会议或集体性的工作或活动，且参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。LiLanjuanheadedforWuhanandtookanactivepartinthebattle. 2.Yes,wecan’taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!(教材P1004a)afford/əˈfɔː(r)d/v.承担得起（后果）；买得起afford作动词，常用在can、could、beableto等之后。affordsth.“买得起某物”；affordtodosth.“负担得起做某事”。Ican’taffordthenewTV.IhopeIcanaffordtobuyabighouseoneday. Exercises一、单项选择1.Listen!Ourscienceteacher________theuseoftherobot.A.explainsB.explainedC.isexplainingD.hasexplained2.“I’mstillworkingbecauseI’mstillcapableandhopetoguidemoreyoungpeople,”saidWuMengchaowhenhe_______.A.isinterviewedB.isinterviewingC.wasinterviewedD.wasinterviewingCC 3.—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacher________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A.hasfixedB.willfixC.isfixingD.wasfixing4.—MustIwashmyclothesatonce,Mom?—No,you________.You________washthembefore5:00p.m.A.needn’t;mayB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;needD.mustn’t;mustAA 5.Whatanamazingrobot!It_______cookmorethan5,000dishes.A.shallB.needC.mustD.can6.—Onlytentickets?Whatdoyoumean?There_______betwelve.—Sorry,Linda.JackyandTimtooktwoticketsaway.A.shouldB.willC.canD.mayDA HomeworkPreviewthenewwordsandphrasesinSectionB(1a-1e).Dotheexercisesinstudents’book.