反意疑问句 <br /> <br />在初中英语中出现了反意疑问句。此句式由两部分构成：陈述句+简短问句。其结构有两种：‎ <br />‎①肯定陈述句+否定简短问句;‎ <br />‎②否定陈述句+肯定简短问句（即我们平时所说的&ldquo;前肯后否，前否后肯&rdquo;）。‎ <br />这是反意疑问句的一般格式，但在实际运用中与规则不同的特殊形式比比皆是。本文拟谈谈反意疑问句的特殊形式：‎ <br /> <br />一、祈使句后的反意疑问句：‎ <br />祈使句后加一个反意疑问句，使祈使句变得更加委婉。肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you等来表达不同的含义。在否定的祈使句后的反意疑问句通常只用will you。‎ <br />‎1、表示&ldquo;请求&rdquo;，肯定祈使句的反意疑问句用will you。如：‎ <br />‎①Give me a hand, will you? ②Pass me a book, will you?‎ <br />‎2、表示&ldquo;邀请&rdquo;、&ldquo;劝诱&rdquo;时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用won’t you。如：‎ <br />Have another cup of tea, won’t you?‎ <br />‎3、表示&ldquo;催促&rdquo;、&ldquo;不耐烦&rdquo;时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用can’t you。如：‎ <br />Stop talking, can’t you?‎ <br />‎4、用&ldquo;Let’s&hellip;&rdquo;开头的肯定祈使句表示&ldquo;提议、建议、主张&rdquo;，其后的反意疑问句用shall we。如：‎ <br />Let’s have a try, shall we?‎ <br />但是以Let us&hellip;或Let me&hellip;开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句则要用will you。如：‎ <br />Let us go now, will you?‎ <br />‎5、否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用will you。如：‎ <br />Don’t take away my dictionary, will you?‎ <br />以Let’s not&hellip;开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句用all right或OK。如：‎ <br />‎①Let’s not go fishing, all right? ②Let’s not talk about it any more, OK?‎ <br /> <br />二、复合句的反意疑问：‎ <br /> <br />复合句的反意疑问的主谓语要视其主要内容而定，不能一概说以主句为准还是以从句为准。‎ <br />‎1、多数复合句后的反意疑问句的主、谓语同主句的主、谓语一致。如：‎ <br />‎①He said he was a teacher, didn’t he? ②John thinks the rain is ending, doesn’t he?‎ <br />‎③You don’t mind if I go now, do you?‎ <br />‎2、主句是I think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine, feel, am afraid, hear, say等)+宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主、谓语应与从句的主、谓语一致。如：‎ <br />‎①I don’t think he will come, will he? ②I heard that he was very honest, wasn’t he?‎ <br />‎3、并列复合句的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与相近的分句的主、谓语相一致。如：‎ <br />John isn’t a hard-working student, for he has been late for three times, hasn’t he?‎ <br /> <br />三、含有情态动词或助动词的反意疑问句：‎ <br />‎1、当陈述部分含有情态动词must，其意义表示&ldquo;必须、必要&rdquo;时，其后的反意疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t。如：‎ <br />‎①You must do it today, mustn’t you? ②She must look after her sister, needn’t she?‎ <br />如果must的含义表示&ldquo;一定是、想必&rdquo;等推测意义时，其后的反意疑问句则要依据句中的谓语动词的时态结构采用be/have/did/do+not等相应形式。如：‎ <br />‎①He must bee ill, isn’t he? ②You must have seen the film before, haven’t you?‎ <br />‎2、如果陈述部分用了must have+P.P.(过去分词)，但明示或暗示了过去的时间，其反意疑问句用过去时。如：‎ <br />He must have seen him yesterday, didn’t he?‎ <br />‎3、陈述部分含情态动词ought to，其后反意疑问句用oughtn’t或shouldn’t均可。如：‎ <br />‎①I ought to come here, oughtn’t I? ②You ought to go by ship, shouldn’t you?‎ <br /> <br />‎4、陈述部分含情态动词used to，其后反意疑问句用usedn’t或didn’t均可。如：‎ <br />‎①Tom used to live here, usedn’t he? ②They used to work in the shop, didn’t they?‎ <br />‎5、陈述部分含有have/has/had to时，其后的反意疑问句用do的相应形式。如：‎ <br />‎①You have to go, d...