‎2019年中考英语第二轮复习专项训练学案 <br />‎(首字母填空)‎ <br />‎ 首字母填空是近年来许多省市英语中考中普遍采用的一种测试题型。它所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。‎ <br />‎ 从近几年的考题来看，短文填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广，几乎涉及了十大词类；文中所涉及的语言知识面较宽，学生需运用已学过的词法、句法及常用词组、短语、惯用法等知识进行具体分析后再答题，有一定的难度。文章短小、精致，字数通常 <br />在100～150之间。短文的体裁不一，有记叙文、说明文、议论文等。短文题材丰富，内容通俗易懂，与现代生活紧密相关，如：英国人分期付款购房；度假回来的路上买家具的小故事；食物对不同年龄段的人的不同影响；被驯化的动物可以为人们做事情等，可读性、‎ <br />趣味性强，符合初中生的认知特点。‎ <br />一、首字母填空题的特点 <br />‎ 1. 从文体上看，以议论文和叙事文为主。‎ <br />‎ 2. 从填空的内容上看，以词组和短语为主。‎ <br />‎ 3. 从考查的范围上看，以英语的一些特殊用法为主。‎ <br />二、首字母填空题的解题步骤 <br />‎ 1. 通读短文，了解大意 <br />‎ 解题时先跳过空格，通读短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。‎ <br />‎ 2. 再读全文，理清脉络 <br />‎ 通读全文、掌握大意后，还应还字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。‎ <br />‎ 3. 仔细推敲，确保准确 <br />‎ 词义判断正确不等于答题正确，同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。‎ <br />‎ 4. 复读全文，全面检查 <br />‎ 答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。‎ <br />‎ 例题1‎ <br />‎ Sir Edmund Hillary was the first man to climb Mount Everest. On May 29, 1953 he climbed and measured the h 1 mountain then known to man&mdash;29,000 feet straight up. He was spoken highly of for his e 2 when he came back. He even made advertisements for big companies. However, u 3 we read his book, High Adventure, we don&#039;t understand that Hillary had to grow into this success.‎ <br />You see, in 1952 he tried to climb Mount Everest, but f 4 . A few weeks later a group in England asked him to give a s 5 to its members. Hillary was given a warm welcome ‎ <br />w 6 walking on stage. People there thought him as a hero, but Edmund Hillary saw ‎ <br />h 7___ as a failure. He moved away from the microphone and walked to the side of the <br /> <br />‎ stage.‎ <br />‎ He lifted one hand and pointed at a picture of the mountain. He said in a l 8 voice, &ldquo;Mount Everest, you beat me the f 9 time, but I’ll beat you the next time because you’ve ‎ <br />g 10 all you are going to grow, but I&#039;m still growing!&rdquo;‎ <br />‎ 【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了攀上珠峰第一A-Edmund Hillary（埃德蒙&middot;蒂拉里）在第一次尝试登峰失败后，受邀演讲过程中的一则小故事。‎ <br />‎ 1. highest 由前一句可知，Edmund Hillary攀登的是珠穆朗玛峰，结合首字母h可知，此处要表示high&ldquo;高的&rdquo;；又由定冠词the可知，此处填最高级highest。‎ <br />‎ 2. efforts 由前文可知，Edmund Hillary是登上珠穆朗玛峰的第一人，并且他测量了该峰的高度，因此他的努力得到了高度的赞扬。结合首字母e可知填efforts。‎ <br />‎ 3. until/unless根据句意&ldquo;然而，直到／除非我们读过他的书&mdash;&mdash;《...