2014 高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训 <br />Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under <br />attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they <br />lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and <br />chemical means. <br />Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves <br />of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grasseating animals. Holly <br />leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is <br />because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. <br />Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult <br />for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses <br />wears down the animal&#039;s teeth. <br />Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that <br />taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack <br />by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites <br />a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the <br />roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine <br />discourage the caterpillar. <br />Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in <br />China, for instance, has prickly ( 多 刺 的 ) leaves, and each prickle contains <br />poisonous venom (毒液). A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an <br />animal to stay away from it in the future. <br />1 ． The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most <br />animals________． <br />A．are not tall enough <br />B．like the lower leaves only <br />C．are not clever enough <br />D．can get the lower leaves easily <br />2．To defend them selves, oak trees use________． <br />A．chemical means <br />B．physical means <br />C．bitter chemicals <br />D．sandy materials <br />3．How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar? <br />A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means. <br />B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar. <br />C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked. <br />D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away. <br />4．What would be the best title for this passage? <br />A．Plants and animals <br />B．How plants defend themselves <br />C．Attacks and defenses <br />D．How animals eat plant leaves <br />(一) <br />【要点综述】本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的。 <br />1．D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中&ldquo;For example，the leaves of the holly plant <br />have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grasseating animals&hellip;because the lower leaves <br />are easier for most animals to reach.&rdquo;可知 D 项正确。 <br />2．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中&ldquo;Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick <br />and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.&rdquo;可知。故 B 项正确。 <br />3．C　细节理解题。根据第四段中&ldquo;When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco <br />leaf，the leaf produce...