2019 高考英语二轮阅读理解归类练习&mdash;环境保护（详解） <br />A <br />Wilderness <br />&ldquo;In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.&rdquo; This is a famous saying <br />from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which <br />it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection：whether to place <br />wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved. <br />As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out，there is a strong appeal in images of <br />the wild，the untouched；more than anything else，they speak of the nature that many <br />people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong， <br />and the danger exploitation (开发) brings to such landscapes (景观) is real.Some of these <br />wildernesses also perform functions that humans need&mdash;the rainforests，for example， <br />store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr. Sauven，these &ldquo;ecosystem services&rdquo; far outweigh <br />the gains from exploitation. <br />Lee Lane，a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute，takes the opposing view.He <br />acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services ， such as water <br />conservation.But that is not，he argues，a reason to avoid all human presence，or indeed <br />commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth，and they <br />reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，rather than merely struggle for <br />survival.While the ways of using resources have improved，there is still a growing need <br />for raw materials，and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped <br />without reducing the services those wildernesses provide，the argument goes，there is <br />no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth <br />valuing above all others. <br />I look forward to seeing these views taken further，and to their being challenged <br />by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases <br />need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a <br />practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm. <br />This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings，but also the <br />guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world <br />obviously deserves much more serious thinking. <br />【语篇解读】 荒野是否应该开发？仁者见仁，智者见智，两种观点针锋相对，莫衷一是.作 <br />者客观分析，冷静思考，期待着事态旳发展. <br />1．John Sauven holds that ________. <br />A．many people value nature too much <br />B．exploitation of wildernesses is harmful <br />C．wildernesses provide humans with necessities <br />D．the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong <br />答案　B　[考查推理判断.第二段旳最后一句提到 John Sauven 认为&ldquo;生态系统服务&rdquo;远比 <br />开发旳利益重要，由此可推断他旳观点是开发荒野有害.] <br />2．What is the main idea of Para.3? <br />A．The exploitation is necessary for the poor people. <br />B．Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials. <br />C．Useful services of...