2022届黑龙江省部分名校高二下学期期末英语考试题七选五专题黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Everylife-changingdecisionwemakeinourlifeshapesourcurrentreality.Let’stalkaboutafewwaysthatyoucanuseforreferencewhenmakingyourownlife-changingdecisions.Realizethepowerofdecisionmaking.Beforeyoustartmakingadecision,youhavetounderstandwhatadecisiondoes.___16___Whenyoudecidetopickupacigarettetosmokeit,thatdecisionmightresultinyourpickinguponeafteronelaterontogetthatsamehighfeeling.Carryyourdecisionout.It’spointlesstomakeadecisionandjustkeepitinyourhead___17___Ifyouwanttomakerealchangesinlife,youhavetoapplyactiontoyourdecisionuntilit’scompleted.Tellothersaboutyourdecisions.Tellingotherpeoplewhatwe’regoingtodocanmakeusfollowthrough.Forexample,ifyoudecidetobecomeanearlyriser,youcangotoaforumandtellpeoplethatyouwillwakeupat6a.m.andkeeponit.___18___Learnfromyourpastdecisions.It’scommonthatyouaregoingtomessupattimeswhenitcomestomakingdecisions.___19___Askyourselfwhatisgoodorbadaboutyourdecisionandwhatyouwilldotomakeabetterdecisionnexttime.___20___Forexample,ifyoumadethedecisiontolosetenpoundsbynextmonththroughaerobics(有氧运动).Youdon’thavetojustdoaerobics.Youcanbeopentolosingweightthroughdifferentmethodsofdietingaslongasithelpsyoureachyourgoalintheend.A.Maintainaflexibleapproach.B.Enjoytheprocessofmakingdecisions.C.That’sthesameasnotmakingadecisionatall.D.Italwaystakesalotoftimetomakeadecision.13/13\nE.Anydecisionthatyoumakecausesachainofeventstohappen.F.So,insteadofbeatingyourselfupoverit,learnalessonfromit.G.You’reabletoaccomplishthisbecauseyoufeelitanobligationtokeepyourword.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.A【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了做决定时应该注意的问题。【16题详解】结合后文Whenyoudecidetopickupacigarettetosmokeit,thatdecisionmightresultinyourpickinguponeafteronelaterontogetthatsamehighfeeling.(当你决定拿起一支烟来抽的时候，这个决定可能会导致你一支接一支地抽，从而获得同样的快感。)E.Anydecisionthatyoumakecausesachainofeventstohappen.你所做的任何决定都会导致一连串的事件发生。符合后文描述，一旦决定了抽一支烟就会导致一连串地一直抽烟。故选E项。【17题详解】结合前文It’spointlesstomakeadecisionandjustkeepitinyourhead.(做一个决定并把它记在脑子里是没有意义的)C.That’sthesameasnotmakingadecisionatall.这和根本不做决定是一样的。承接上文没有意义的决定和不做决定是一样的。故选C项。【18题详解】结合前文Tellingotherpeoplewhatwe’regoingtodocanmakeusfollowthrough.(告诉别人我们要做什么可以让我们坚持到底。)G.You’reabletoaccomplishthisbecauseyoufeelitanobligationtokeepyourword.你之所以能做到这一点，是因为你觉得守信是一种义务。解释前文告诉别人可以让我们坚持到底的原因。故选G项。【19题详解】结合前文It’scommonthatyouaregoingtomessupattimeswhenitcomestomakingdecisions.(在做决定的时候，你常常会陷入困境。)F.So,insteadofbeatingyourselfupoverit,learnalessonfromit.13/13\n所以，与其为此痛打自己，不如从中吸取教训。给出前文陷入困境时的解决办法和态度。故选F项。【20题详解】结合后文Forexample,ifyoumadethedecisiontolosetenpoundsbynextmonththroughaerobics(有氧运动).Youdon’thavetojustdoaerobics.Youcanbeopentolosingweightthroughdifferentmethodsofdietingaslongasithelpsyoureachyourgoalintheend.(例如，如果你下个月决定通过有氧运动减肥10磅。你不必只做有氧运动。你可以通过不同的节食方法来减肥，只要它能帮助你最终达到你的目标。想要减肥不一定只靠一种方法，可以采取多种方法达到同一目的。)A.Maintainaflexibleapproach.保持灵活的方法。符合本段大意。故选A项。黑龙江省鸡西市第一中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou'veread!___46___youmayhavejustreadthetext.Buttheideas,conceptsandimages（形象）mayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●___47___Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It'sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon'tunderstandwhatyou'rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Butthereareafewthingsyoucando...Useadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●Areyouconnected?Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.___48___ Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghis13/13\nnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He'dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.___49___●Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you'lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou'veread.___50___Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature-asyourememberwhatyouread!A.Areyouconfused?B.Practicemakesperfect.C.What'syourmotivation?D.Memoryissometimesatrickything.E.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.F.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.G.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!【答案】46.D47.A48.F49.G50.B【解析】本文为说明文，给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容，包括扫清生词障碍，将所读到的内容与已有知识建立联系，把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。【46题详解】根据空格后的内容：你可能刚刚读过某篇文章，但却对文章所传达的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D选项：阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手，与空格后所表述含义一致，故选D。【47题详解】本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由13/13\nconfusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选A。【48题详解】根据空格后的内容：将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让你立即产生这种联想，因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关，F选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示转折，与上下文顺畅连接，另外otherbooks也与空白前的somebooks相对应。故选F。【49题详解】本段给出的方法是：要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去，列举了狄更斯的例子旨在说明这种方法的可行性，因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容，故选G。【50题详解】根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项B(熟能生巧)符合语境。【名师点睛】【解题剖析】.1.如果问题设在段首，通常是段落的主题句，认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句如：●___2___Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,likelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选AAreyouconfused?2.如果问题设在段尾.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。如：CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters,He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.___4___3.如果问题设在句中，承上启下性是这个句子的主要作用。分析句子之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。如：Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveandeasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereading(andwhat13/13\nyou’veread).___5__根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项F(熟能生巧)符合语境。黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节（共5小题；毎小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Reducingclasssizehastraditionallybeenseenasanimportantwaytoimproveastudent’seducationalexperience.Manyoftenbelievethatsmallerclasseswouldpermitteacherstogivemorepersonalattentiontotheirstudents.___16___.Butonerecentstudysuggeststhere'snotmuchresearch-basedevidencetosupportthisidea.TheresearchwascollectedbyateamfromDenmark'sDanishCenterforSocialScienceResearch.Thestudynotesthatoneofthemainproblemswithreducingclasssizeisthatitcanhaveveryhighcosts.___17___.Financiallimitationsmakeitverydifficultformanyschoolstoreducethenumberofstudentsintheclassroom.Thenewstudybeganbyexamining127studiesonclassroomsize.Itsgoalwastoexaminethemajorresearchstudiesalreadycompletedonthesubject.___18___.Intheend,theresearchcenteredon10mainstudieswithpossiblesampling(采样)problems.Theresearchersconcludedthatthere'ssomeevidencetosuggestthatreducingclasssizemayleadtosomeimprovementinastudent'sreadingachievement.___19___.Theyfoundjusta53-percentchancethatarandomlyselectedtestscorefromastudentfromasmallclasswouldbehigherthantheselectedscoreofastudentfromalargerclass.___20___.Thisledtheresearcherstoconcludethattherewouldbenobenefitatalltomathstudentsinasmallerclasssize.A.ButtheysaidtheeffectisverysmallB.Formathematicsachievement,theresultwas49percentC.ThiscantheoreticallyleadtoimprovedacademicresultsforstudentsD.Manypublicopinionstudieshaveshownteachersfavorsmallerclasssizes13/13\nE.TheeffectsoflargerclasssizecanstaylongafterthestudentscompletetheireducationF.IncreasingclasssizeisoneofthemostcommonwaysschoolsystemscontroleducationspendingG.Theyespeciallycenteredonthosetryingtomeasureifsmallerclasssizeledtogreateracademicsuccess【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.A20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。减少班容量传统上被认为可以提高学生的成绩。但新的研究发现，班容量小可能会提高部分学生的阅读成绩，但对于学生的数学成绩来说，没有明显的作用。【16题详解】上一句提到：减小班容量可以使老师们给学生更多的关注。该句承接上文，应该继续介绍这么做的好处，故C选项切题：这从理论上可以提高学生的学习成绩。C选项中的This指代上一句的内容。【17题详解】根据上一句中的“itcanhaveveryhighcosts”和下一句中的“Financiallimitationsmakeitverydifficult”可知，该段介绍的是班容量和成本方面的关系，选项中只有F选项和此有关，故F选项切题：提高班容量是学校控制教育费用的常见的方式之一。【18题详解】该空前面介绍的新研究的对象和目的。那么，该空仍然要介绍新研究的相关内容，故G选项切题。该空主要介绍新研究的重点：他们特别关注那些试图衡量班级规模是否会带来更大学术成就的研究。下一句中的“10mainstudies”亦是对该空的补充说明。【19题详解】该空前面提到：有一些证据表明减小班容量可能会导致学生阅读成绩的提高。后一句提到：他们发现，来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有53%的几率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选分数。该空承上启下，应该表明小班教学实际上效果不是很好，故A选项切题。【20题详解】13/13\n上一句提到：来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有53%的几率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选分数。下一句提到：这导致研究者们得出结论：班级容量小对于学生的数学成绩没有好处。该空承接上文，还应该介绍班容量和数学成绩有关的内容，故B选项切题：对于数学成绩来说，这个几率只有49%。黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyofuslivewitharoommateatsomestage.Sometimes,therecanbeproblems.Whohasn'thadanargumentaboutwhoseturnitistotakeouttherubbishorwhoshouldbetheonetoclearupafterdinner?___36___Youknowthatthere'salwayssomeoneelsearound,whichcanhelpyoufeelsafer.Thereisalwayssomeonetotalkto,soyouneverfeellonely.___37___Forexample,we'reactuallymorelikelytoeathealthierfoodwhenlivingwithothers.Australianresearchersfoundthatpeoplelivingalonetendedtoeatlessfreshfood,whichcanhaveanegativeeffectontheirhealth.However,thoselivingwithothersgenerallybenefitedfromamorevarieddietcomparedtothoselivingalone.___38___Theresearchersbelievefoodpreparationmaybeoneoftheimportantfactors.Forexample,thoselivingwithfriendshavesomeoneelsetogoshoppingwith,andthusarelikelytobuyhigher-qualityfreshfoodregularly.___39___Ifpeoplelivingalonefindtheydonothavetheknowledgerequiredtoprepareaparticulardishorcookacertainfood,theymayfallbackonready-made,lesshealthyfood.However,iftheylivewithatleastoneotherperson,theymaybeabletoaskforhelp.Inaddition,peoplelivingalonecaneatwhatevertheywantatanytimeofthedayornight.However,it'shelpfultohavesomeonearoundwhoquestionsyourdecisiontoeatfrozenpizzaat3a.m.___40___A.Whatcouldexplainthesefindings?B.Cookingskillsmaybeanotherfactor.C.Youcanencourageoneanothertogoonadiet.13/13\nD.Statisticsshowpeoplelivingalonetendtobeslimmer.E.Thatis,roommatescanwarnyouofunhealthyroutines.F.Besidestheseobviousbenefits,therearesomeyoumaynotnotice.G.However,livingwithanotherpersonalsocomeswithmanybenefits.【答案】36.G37.F38.A39.B40.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了和别人一起居住的好处。【36题详解】上文Sometimes,therecanbeproblems.Whohasn'thadanargumentaboutwhoseturnitistotakeouttherubbishorwhoshouldbetheonetoclearupafterdinner?(有时，会有一些问题。谁没有因为轮到谁倒垃圾或谁应该在饭后洗碗而争吵过呢？)与G.However,livingwithanotherpersonalsocomeswithmanybenefits.(但和另一个人也有很多好处。)承接自然，上下文是明显的转折关系，讲述了与室友同住的问题和好处，故选G项。【37题详解】上文Youknowthatthere'salwayssomeoneelsearound,whichcanhelpyoufeelsafer.Thereisalwayssomeonetotalkto,soyouneverfeellonely.(你知道有人总是在你身边，这让你觉得更加安全。总是有人和你聊天，这样你就不会孤单。)与F.Besidestheseobviousbenefits,therearesomeyoumaynotnotice.(除了那些明显的好处外，还有一些你没注意到的好处。)承接自然，上文所提到的内容就是与他人同住的明显好处，故选F项。【38题详解】根据上文的However,thoselivingwithothersgenerallybenefitedfromamorevarieddietcomparedtothoselivingalone.(然而，同独居者相比，那些同他人一起居住的人可以从多变的饮食中获取好处。)和下文Theresearchersbelievefoodpreparationmaybeoneoftheimportantfactors.(研究人员认为食物的准备可能是重要因素之一。)可知A.Whatcouldexplainthesefindings?(什么可以对这些发现做出解释呢？)放在此处，可以起到承上启下的作用，选项中的findings就是前文所提到的内容，而下文是对问题的回答，故选A项。【39题详解】13/13\n根据下文Ifpeoplelivingalonefindtheydonothavetheknowledgerequiredtoprepareaparticulardishorcookacertainfood,theymayfallbackonready-made,lesshealthyfood.(如果独居者发现他们没有准备某种特殊菜肴或食物所需要知识，他们最终会选择制作好的、没那么健康的食物。)可知，本段主要讲述独居者的烹饪技术也会影响他们的饮食，由此推测B.Cookingskillsmaybeanotherfactor.(烹饪技术可能是另外一个原因)可以作为本段中心句，故选B项。【40题详解】上文However,it'shelpfultohavesomeonearoundwhoquestionsyourdecisiontoeatfrozenpizzaat3a.m.(但，有人在身边质问你半夜三点吃冷冻披萨的行为是很有帮助的。)与E.Thatis,roommatescanwarnyouofunhealthyroutines.(即，室友可以警告你不健康的日常。)承接自然，选项是对上文内容的解释，question和warn是关键词，故选E项。黑龙江省大庆实验中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThingsYouShouldKnowAboutCOVID-19COVID-19,acousinoftheSARSvirus,hasinfectedmorethantenmillionpeoplesincetheoutbreakbeganinWuhan,ChinainDecember,2022.Scientiststhinkitlikelystartedinananimalandspreadtohumans.TheWorldHealthOrganizationofferedguidancetocountriesonhowtheycanprepareforit.Herearefourthingsyoushouldknowaboutit.Whatarethesymptoms?It’sfromafamilycalledthecoronaviruses.Thesymptomsofthisillnessareprettyordinaryonthefaceofit:it’sadrycoughfeverandthenbreathingproblems.___16___Butwealsoknowaboutthemoreseverecases,whichiswherepeoplehavegoneontodevelopviralpneumonia（病毒性肺炎）,andthosepeopleobviouslyendupinhospital,andallthedeathshavebeenamongthosepeople.Howisthisvirustransmitted?___17___Itwashopedatfirstactuallythatitjustcamefromanimalsasallcoronavirusesdo.Butnowitlooksasthoughitisactuallypassedfromonehumanbeingtoanother.We’vegotpeopletopeopletransmission,because13/13\nthemarkethasbeenclosedforsometime,andtherearecasesinpeoplewho’veneverbeennearit.___18___Sothereactuallyisn’tanytreatmentatthemomentatall,becausethisisavirus.Antibiotics（抗生素）won’twork.___19___Soreallyyouwanttoknowantiviraltreatment,butnoneofthefludrugsthatwe’vegotworkseffectivelyonthisnow.Acoronavirusisdifferentfromafluvirus,sothereactuallyisn’tanytreatmentatthemomentatall.Shouldwebepanicaboutthisoutbreak?Thoughtherehavebeensomanycasessofar,itispossibleforustolargelyreducetheriskofinfectionifwecantakepreventivemeasures,includingregularlywashingourhands,coveringoursneezes,andwipingdownsurfaces.Goodnewsisthatinthemonthssince,we’veseenthesocialdistancingmeasurestakingeffect,too.___20___A.Whattreatmentisavailable?B.Whatshouldwedoifweareaffected?C.Theyonlyworkagainstbacterianotviruses.D.Actuallythereisnoneedforustobetooanxiousaboutit.E.Itseemsquitemildinlotsofpeople,andprobablythosepeopledon’tendupinhospitalatall.F.Althoughyourbodyisverystrongandhealthy,you’regoingtofinditveryhardtofightoffavirus.G.We’veonlyjustdiscoveredthatthenewcoronavirusisactuallytransmittedfromonepersontoanother.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.C20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了2022年12月在中国武汉爆发新冠肺炎疫情以来，已有1000多万人感染新冠肺炎。作者对于感染新冠病毒后的症状、病毒的传播途径、治疗方法以及民众是否应该恐慌这些问题进行了一一说明。13/13\n【16题详解】上文Thesymptomsofthisillnessareprettyordinaryonthefaceofit:it’sadrycoughfeverandthenbreathingproblems.说这种病的症状表面上很普通:干咳发热，然后呼吸困难。下文Butwealsoknowaboutthemoreseverecases,whichiswherepeoplehavegoneontodevelopviralpneumonia（病毒性肺炎）,andthosepeopleobviouslyendupinhospital,andallthedeathshavebeenamongthosepeople.说但我们也知道一些更严重的病例，也就是人们会发展成病毒性肺炎，这些人显然会住院，所有的死亡都发生在这些人身上。上下文都在说明人感染新冠病毒后的一些表现和症状，该空承上启下，也要说明人感染新冠病毒后的一些表现和症状，E选项“很多人的症状都很轻微，可能这些人根本就不会住进医院”切题，选项与下文说明了感染新冠后，人们的两种情况，选项中的inhospital对应下文中的inhospital，故选E。【17题详解】根据本段标题Howisthisvirustransmitted?（这种病毒是如何传播的）以及下文（起初人们希望它只是像所有的冠状病毒一样来自动物）可知这里都在讲新冠病毒的传播途径，G选项“我们刚刚发现这种新型冠状病毒可以从一个人传到另一个人”切题，选项中的transmitted与标题中的transmitted相呼应，故选G。【18题详解】该空是段落小标题，根据下文内容Sothereactuallyisn’tanytreatmentatthemomentatall,becausethisisavirus.Antibiotics（抗生素）won’twork.（所以实际上目前没有任何治疗方法，因为这是一种病毒。抗生素不能工作）和Soreallyyouwanttoknowantiviraltreatment,butnoneofthefludrugsthatwe’vegotworkseffectivelyonthisnow.Acoronavirusisdifferentfromafluvirus,sothereactuallyisn’tanytreatmentatthemomentatall.（所以你真的想知道抗病毒的治疗方法，但是现在我们没有一种流感药物在这方面有效。冠状病毒与流感病毒不同，所以目前根本没有任何治疗方法）可知这一段主要讲了感染新冠后的治疗方法，A选项“有什么治疗方法”切题，选项中的treatment对应下文中的treatment，故选A。【19题详解】上文Antibiotics（抗生素）won’twork.说抗生素不起作用，该空承接上文，解释抗生素不起作用的原因，C选项“它们只能对付细菌而不能对付病毒”切题，选项中的They指代上文中的Antibiotics，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文Thoughtherehavebeensomanycasessofar,itispossibleforustolargelyreducetheriskofinfection13/13\nifwecantakepreventivemeasures,includingregularlywashingourhands,coveringoursneezes,andwipingdownsurfaces.Goodnewsisthatinthemonthssince,we’veseenthesocialdistancingmeasurestakingeffect,too.（虽然到目前为止已经出现了很多病例，但如果我们能够采取预防措施，包括经常洗手、捂住喷嚏和擦拭物体表面，我们还是有可能在很大程度上降低感染的风险。好消息是，在那之后的几个月里，我们也看到了社交距离措施的效果）可知这里介绍了避免感染新冠的很多有效措施，该空与上文构成因果关系，D选项“事实上，我们没有必要为此太焦虑”切题，选项中的anxious对应该段标题中panic，故选D。13/13