2022届牛津译林版高二下学期期末英语试题语法填空专练（一）Nationsworldwide，56(suffer)fromtheendWorldWarI,decidedtochangethecourseofhistoryandcommittedtothegoalofglobalpeace.Forthisreason,theUnitedNations(UN)57(found)inSanFrancisco,US,onOct24,1945.Overthepast75years,theUN58(witness)itsmembersgrowfrom51to193.Itaimsto“savesucceedinggenerationsfromthescourgeofwar59reaffirmfaithinfundamentalhumanrights60topromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflife,”accordingtoitswebsite.Inordertoachievethegoal,theUNhasgonethrough61(reform)invariousaspectswiththe62(change)globalsituation.WithoutthemeasuresadoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyin1997,we63(improve)theefficiencyofUNactivitiesintheareasofdevelopment,humanitarianrelief,humanrightsandpeacekeeping.64that,somechallengesareyettobeovercome,forexample,threatsfrompoverty,diseaseandclimatechange.But65(lucky),thevastmajorityoftheUNmembersarecommittedtofacingthesechallengesandhavecontinuedtofundtheUN'shumanitarianeffortsaroundtheworld.Together,theUN's193memberstatesaremakinghugestridestowardbetteringtheworldforfuturegenerations.（二）TheChineseGardenofFriendshipwasbuiltasabeautifulsymboloffriendship56.SydneyintheStateofNewSouthWalesandGuangzhouintheprovinceofGuangdong,China(sistercitiesofsisterstates),tomarkAustralia'sbicentenary(二百周年纪念)in1988.Thegarden57.(design)andbuiltbyChineselandscapearchitectsandgardeners,58.(follow)theTaoistprinciplesof"Yin-Yang"andthefiveoppositeelements-earth,fire,water,metalandwood.Theseprinciplesalsostressthe59.(important)ofQi,thecentralforceoflifeandenergy.Yin-Yang60.(play)suchavitalrolethatjustonemissingelementwoulddisruptthegarden'sharmonyandbalance.However,when61.(combine)perfectly,thefiveelementsformafluidandnurturingenvironment.Everythingyouencounterinthegardenhasbeenhand-pickedandverycarefullyplacedtocapturethefiveelementsandtheenergyofQi.Unlikewestern-stylegardens,therearenoplantedflowerbeds62.neatly-cutlawns,wild63.(aspect)ofnaturearerecreatedinlandscapes64.featurewaterfalls,mountains,lakesandforests.TheartofChineseGardendesignbeganinimperialparksduringtheShangDynasty3,000yearsago.DarlingHarbor'sChineseGardenofFriendshipisasmall-scaleversionof65.(type)privategardenfromthistime.（三）6/6\nWhenitcomesto56(travel)abroad,manypeoplefeelconfusedaboutwhethertheyshouldtiporhowmuchtheyshouldtipwhennecessaryontheirtravels,astheyarenotawareoflocalcustoms.Thesolutionistodoyourresearchbeforehand,57willhelpyoutoavoidyourtripbecomingspoiledbyanyawkwardness.IntheUS,tippingisgiven:around15%ormoreiscommonforrestaurantsandtaxis,58$1to$2isconsideredsufficientforthehotelroomserviceemployee.InCanada,thetippingsituationisverysimilarto59oftheUS.Japanisacountrywherethingsareverydifferent.Here,tippingisincredibly60(common),andcanevenbeviewedasrude—especiallyifmoneyishandedover61(direct).Tourguidesandtourbusdrivers,however,should62(offer)atipofroughly£5forahalfdaytouror£10forafulldaytour.Butensurethatthistipispresentedinanenvelope,ratherthanvisiblecash.TippingisnotexpectedinChina.However,peoplesometimesgivetipstoshowtheir63(grateful).EvenwithinEurope,tipping64(various)fromcountrytocountry.TheFrenchexpecta15%servicechargeinrestaurantsandbarsandroundingupyourbillisappreciated.InGermany,65extra5%to10%ontopoftheservicechargeiscustomaryforgoodservice.（四）Everyculturecreatesmusic,butwhatshapesourperception(感知)ofmusic?Inthepastfewyears,psychologistJacobyandhiscolleagues___56___(visit)aremoteareatoinvestigatethequestion.TheyspecificallychoseparticipantsfromTsimane,___57___haverelativelylittle___58___(expose)toWesternmusic.Forexample,octaves(八度音阶)playanimportantroleinWesternmusic,butTsimane’musicinstrumentscan’tgowiththem.Inthestudy,participants___59___(ask)tolistentosimplemelodiesandsingthem.ThisexerciserevealedthattheTsimane’didn’tperceiveoctaveswhileparticipantsfromtheU.S.did.Italsorevealedthat___60___(musical)trainedWesternerswerebetteratitthan___61___withnomusicaltraining.Therefore,thefindingshighlighttheimportanceofmusicalexperience.___62___musicalexperience,biologyisalsoakeyfactorinfluencingperceptionofmusic.Inanotherstudy,Jacoby’scolleaguefoundthatunlikemanyWesterners,theTsimane’founditpleasanttohearsomenotes___63___(play)together.TheirstudyalsorevealedthatbothWesternersandtheTsimane’havetrouble___64___(distinguish)betweenreallyhighnotesabove4,000hertz,thoughhumanhearinggoesupto20,000hertz.Thatmaybe____65____,whereverwe’refrom,wehitthelimitsofourbrainsbeforewereachthelimitsofourears.（五）AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,thePalaceMuseumandHuaweisignedastrategiccooperationagreementonMarch15.Thetwosideswillsetanexample565Gapplication.ThePalaceMuseumreceivedmorethan17millionvisitorsin2022.57(make)itthemostvisitedmuseumintheworld.Inthepast20years,anofficeinformationnetworkcoveringthewholemuseum58(build)gradually.ThemuseumhasdevelopedanAppthatprovidesanin-depth59(explain)ofculturalrelicinformationandculturalservices.Also,themuseumhasresearch6/6\nontheapplicationofVR,AR,Alandother60(technique)inmuseums.61signingoftheagreementmarksanewchapterinthestrategiccooperationbetweenthePalaceMuseumandHuaweiTechnologiesCo.So,Huaweiwillmakeefforts62(accelerate)theintelligentconstructionofthePalaceMuseum.“The600-year-oldPalaceMuseumhasneverbeensoclosetoscienceandtechnology."ShanJixiangsaid63(proud),directorofthePalaceMuseum.Shansharedmanyideasaboutthe5GPalaceMuseum.Withthehelpofadvancedtechnology,64isexpectedthatinthefuture,audiencesaroundtheworldwillbeabletoexperienceandvisitthePalaceMuseum,whetheritisafieldtriporavirtualtour.Also,theuseofAltechnologyprovidesa65(broad)platformandstrongerknowledgesupportforculturalrelicsamongyoungpeople.TheStudents’Union（六）When“Frozen”wasreleasedin2022,itquicklybecameDisney’sbighit.ItinspiredthemeparkridesandevenaBroadwayshow.Despite“Frozen2”56(come)sixyearsaftertheoriginalfilm,thesequelwasabletobringinrecordnumbersforDisney.Itwasalsoabletoadd57thecompany’sextraordinaryyearattheboxoffice.Disneyhashadseveralblockbustersthisyear,like“Avengers:Endgame,”“ToyStory4”and“TheLionKing”thathave58(global)mademorethan$1billion.InfactbyJulyDisney59(set)therecordforhighest-grossingyearforastudioever.“60Disneyshowstotheworldisthatitonceagaincontinuestobenefitalotfrom61(it)2022strategy,”PaulDergarabedian,seniormediaanalystatComscore,toldFoxNews.Dergarabedianaddedthatthefilmwasabletodeliverfamily-friendlyentertainmentto“62enthusiasticglobalaudienceonanadvantageousreleasedate,”63helpedtostrengthenDisney’spositionasthehighest-grossingstudiothisyear.The64(succeed)of“Frozen2”comesattheperfecttimeforHollywood.Theoverall2022NorthAmericanboxofficeisdownroughly7%65(compare)tothesamepointlastyear.（七）Diabetesisamedicalconditioninwhichthehumanbodydoesnotproduceenoughinsulin(胰岛素),a___56___(chemistry)thatcontrolshowweuseglucose.Glucose(葡萄糖)isakindofsugar___57___(use)bythebodytoprovideenergyforcells.Ourcellsneedinsulintouseglucose.Asinsulinisalsoneededtocontrolthelevelofglucoseinthebody,apatientmayattimeshavetoomuchortoolittleglucoseinhisorherblood.___58___situationscancauseotherhealthproblems.Diabetescanbepasseddownthroughfamilygenerationsor___59___(cause)byanillnessorbeingoverweight.Peoplewhohavethisdiseasemayfeelthirstyand___60___(tire)allthetime.Theymayalso___61___(loss)weightandhavetogotothetoiletveryoften.Peoplewithdiabetesmayalsohaveheartdisease,highbloodpressureandstrokes,allof___62___areoften6/6\ncausedbythedisease.Whilediabetescannotbecured,sometreatmentscanbevery___63___(effect).Diabeticscantakeinsulinshotstomakeupfortheinsulintheirbodiesdonotproduce.Astrictdietandproperexercisecanalsohelp.Peoplewithdiabetesshouldtrytoeatlesshigh-energyfood___64___rice,bread,potatoesshouldbelimited,andsweetslikechocolatesshouldbeavoided.Diabeticsshouldalsoquitsmokinganddrinking.Inaddition,diabeticsshouldtalktotheirdoctorsfirsttoseewhatexerciseissuitablefortheirconditionand____65____(watch)theirglucoselevelswhentheyexercise.（八）Therealityofcollegecanbeprettydifferentfromtheimages_________(present)inmoviesandtelevision.Insteadofthestudentswhowakeuplate,partyallthetime,andstudyonlybeforeexams,manycollegesarefullofstudentswithpressingschedulesofrealjobs.Thisisn’tatemporaryphenomenon.Theshareofworkingstudents________(be)ontherisesincethe1970s.Aboutone-quarterofthose__________workwhileattendingschoolhavebothafull-courseloadandafull-timejob.The_________(arrange)canhelppayfortuition(学费)andlivingcosts.Andthere’svalueinitbeyondthedirectcause:suchjobscanalsobecriticalfordevelopingimportantprofessionalandsocialskillsthatmake_________easiertolandajobaftergraduation.Withmanyemployerslookingforstudentswithalready-developedskillsets,on-the-jobtrainingwhileincollegecanbethebestway__________(ensure)ajoblateron.Butit’snotallupside.Evenfull-timeworkmaynotcompletelycoverthecostoftuitionandlivingexpenses.Thatmeansthat__________they’resacrificingtimeawayfromtheclassroom,manyworkingstudentswillstillgraduatewithsomedebt.Andworkingfulltimecanreducethechance_________studentswillgraduate,bycuttingintothetimeavailableforstudyingandattendingclasses.Thereislittlerewardforattendingbutnotfinishingcollege.Studentswhoend_____________leavingschoolbecauseofdifficultyinmanagingworkandclassarelikelytofindthemselvesstuckintheirfuturejobs.Thedifficultyofworkingtoomuchwhileinschoolcancreateacyclethatpushesstudents___________(far)intodebtwithoutreceivinganyofthefinancialorcareerbenefits.（九）Stand-upisakindofcomedydoneonastagebya____36____(comedy),whomightdecidetotelldifferentjokesdependinguponhowtheaudiencereactedtohisorherpreviousjokes.OnesuchpersonisBillyCrystal.Thereasonwhyhehasbecomesofamousis____37____heisveryquickthinking,andhastheability____38____(come)upwithnewjokesaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundhim.Forexample,whenCrystal____39____(host)the76thAcademyAwards,therewasatechnicalproblem,asaresultofwhichafamousactorcouldnot____40____(hear).Theaudiencecouldonlyseehimstandingtheremovinghislips.Insteadoftellingthejokehe_____41_____(plan),Crystalmadeupanewone.6/6\n____42____(fortune),youcanexpecttohearalotmorefromCrystal-hehasnoplanstostopmakingfilms,____43____tostoptellingjokes.Hehopestofollow_____44_____thefootstepsofthosewholivedtobe100yearsoldandkeptworkinguntilnearlytheendof_____45_____(they)lives.（十）FewerpeopleareusingFacebooktodiscoveranddiscussnews,asmessagingappssuchasWhatsAppgain____41____(popular),astudyhassuggested.TheseventhannualDigitalNewsReportsaidthefallinusersreadingnewsonFacebookreflectedconcerns____42____privacy.Thereportsoughttoexplore___43___peoplereadnewsaroundtheworld.Theresearch,carriedoutbytheUniversityofOxford’sReutersInstitutefortheStudyofJournalism,wasbasedon___44___onlinesurveyof7,4000peoplein37countries.It___45___(suggest)youngaudiencesweremorelikelytouseWhatsApp,InstagramandSnapchatfornews,partlybecausetherewasa___46___(grow)desiretodiscussnewsinrelativeprivacy.Thenumberofthose___47___(survey)thatreadnewsviaWhatsApphadtripled(增至三倍)infouryears,to15percent.Thistendedtobemuchhigherin___48___(country)suchasMalaysisandTurkey,whereitcanbedangeroustoexpressviewsinmoreopennetworks.’Thereport’sleadauthorNicNewmansaid,“We’reseeingmanyswitching___49___focustomorepersonal,privatespaceslikemessagingappsforsharinganddiscussingnews.“Thisgivespeoplemorecontrol…butalso____50____(potential)makespublicdebateandnewsdistributionevenmorecomplicated.”（十）Ifeveryoneonyourteamisworkingdifferenthours,youmaybegettingemailsandmessagesatallhoursoftheday,nightorweekend,___36___cancreateanalwaysavailable,or"always-on”environment.Thatmightbenecessaryinsome___37___(industry)duringthesechallengingtimes,___38___certainlynotineveryindustryandnotforeveryoneinanyindustry.However,oncethistakesrootinyourcompanyculture,itbecomesdifficult,ifnotimpossible,___39___(change)later.And"always-on”isnotsustainable(可持续的）．Itincreasespressureand____40____(quick)turnsyourcompany___41___anunpleasantplacetowork.Itmightevencausethemostdedicated____42____(employ)toconsiderotheroffers.Sohowcanyouaccommodateyourworkers'needswhilestill___43___(protect)yourcultureandyourteam'swork-lifebalance?Thekeyistodefineclear“communicationhours"(forexample,8a.m.to6p.m.)whileencouragingflexibility(灵活性）。Outsideofthosehours,everyoneshouldbeencouragedtochangetheirsettingsto"DoNotDisturb"andtousethe“schedulesend"featureoftheiremailclientsothatmessages____44____(deliver)onlyduringcommunicationhours.Ifany6/6\ncorrespondence(通信联系）musthappenoutsideofthesetcommunicationhours,suchasforurgentissues,____45____(make)thephoneortextonly.（十一）Diabetesisamedicalconditioninwhichthehumanbodydoesnotproduceenoughinsulin(胰岛素),a___56___(chemistry)thatcontrolshowweuseglucose.Glucose(葡萄糖)isakindofsugar___57___(use)bythebodytoprovideenergyforcells.Ourcellsneedinsulintouseglucose.Asinsulinisalsoneededtocontrolthelevelofglucoseinthebody,apatientmayattimeshavetoomuchortoolittleglucoseinhisorherblood.___58___situationscancauseotherhealthproblems.Diabetescanbepasseddownthroughfamilygenerationsor___59___(cause)byanillnessorbeingoverweight.Peoplewhohavethisdiseasemayfeelthirstyand___60___(tire)allthetime.Theymayalso___61___(loss)weightandhavetogotothetoiletveryoften.Peoplewithdiabetesmayalsohaveheartdisease,highbloodpressureandstrokes,allof___62___areoftencausedbythedisease.Whilediabetescannotbecured,sometreatmentscanbevery___63___(effect).Diabeticscantakeinsulinshotstomakeupfortheinsulintheirbodiesdonotproduce.Astrictdietandproperexercisecanalsohelp.Peoplewithdiabetesshouldtrytoeatlesshigh-energyfood___64___rice,bread,potatoesshouldbelimited,andsweetslikechocolatesshouldbeavoided.Diabeticsshouldalsoquitsmokinganddrinking.Inaddition,diabeticsshouldtalktotheirdoctorsfirsttoseewhatexerciseissuitablefortheirconditionand____65____(watch)theirglucoselevelswhentheyexercise.（十二）EllenLeeDeGeneres,anAmericanactress,televisionhost,writer,andproducer,wasborninMetairie,Louisiana.After____31____(graduate)fromAtlantaHighSchoolin1976,EllenattendedtheUniversityofNewOrleans,____32____shestudiedcommunicationstudies,butshegaveupafteronesemester.Sheheldvariousjobsuntilsheturnedto____33____(perform)atsmallclubsandcoffeehouses.By1981,sheworkedherwayuptobethehostatClyde’sComedyClub.Intheearly1980s,shetoured____34____(nation)andinthecompetition____35____(support)bythecablenetworkShowtime,shewasnamedthe____36____(fun)comedian（喜剧演员）inAmerica.____37____earlyattemptsattelevisionseriesdidn’tsucceed,Ellenbecamepopularbyheadliningherownsitcom（情景喜剧）TheseFriendsofMine,whichwasbroadcastfrom1994to1998.In2022,EllenlaunchedseriesTheEllenShowonCBS.In2022,she____38____(award)theSaturnAwardforBestSupportingActressbecausesheprovidedthevoiceofDoryinthefilmFindingNemo,becomingthefirstactress____39____(win)aSaturnAwardforavoiceperformance.Ellenwasalsowellknown______40______ahostofawardsshows.ShehostedtheGrammyAwardsin1996and1997,aswellastheEmmyAwardsin2022and2022.InFebruary2022,shewasthehostoftheAcademyAwards,whichshehostedagainin2022.6/6