2022届河南省郑州市第一中学高三4月模拟调研英语试卷（解析版）一.阅读理解1.阅读理解DearKidsClubApplicant：   ThankyouforexpressinginterestintheKidsClub.Staffmembersarehiredtwiceayear:NovemberandDecemberforthespringsemester,andAprilandMayforthefallsemester.   November20thistheapplicationdeadlineforthespringsemesterof2022.Applicationscanbesubmitted（提交）inpersontotheCommunityEducationOffice,locatedat1812WelshAvenue,duringthehoursof8:00am-4:00pm,MondaythroughFriday.   Ifyouhaveanyquestionsyoumaycontactmyofficeatthenumberbelow.   Thanksagain,JanaChurchProgramDirector.(979)764-3831   Allapplicantsmustmeetthefollowingrequirementstobeconsideredforhire:   AvailableMonday-Friday,2:45pm-6:15pm   AttendTrainingDecember17,2022   AttendTrainingJanuary4-15,2022(wereceivechildrenJanuary5,2022)   CommittoworkthroughMay28,2022   RateofPay:$8.00-$8.75/hrMinimumRequirements:1）.AllKidsClubstaffmembersmustbecurrentlyRedCrosscertifiedinFirstAid.2）.AllstaffmembersmustbeavailabletobeginworkonJanuary4,2022andcontinuethroughMay28,2022.3）.Staffmembersmustattendspecifiedtrainingsessionsthroughouttheyear.4）.Staffmembersmustattendweeklysitemeetingsandmonthlystaffmeetings.Duties:1）.Staffmembersassistthesupervisorinperforminghis/herdutiesasnecessary,suchas:a.Plan,coordinateandapplyappropriateactivitieseachday.b.Leadgroupgames,artprojectsandothersimilaractivities.c.Playwiththechildrenduringfreetime.d.Influencechildreninapositivemanner.2）.Participateinalldailyactivities.(BEPOSITIVE)3）.Assistinthedaily,aswellasweekly,clean-upofthefacilities.4）.OtherdutiesconsiderednecessarybySiteSupervisororProgramDirector(1)Whenistherightapplicationtime?A.BeforeNovember20th.B.Inspringin2022.C.AfterNovember20th.D.EitherinAprilorinMay.15/15(2)WhatdoyoudotoapplyfortheKidsClub?A.BeavailablealldayfromMondaytoFriday.B.Attendameetingatleastonceperweek.C.StartworkonJanuary4,2022toreceivekids.D.BetrainedhowtodofirstaidbyRedCross.(3)Whowillgivethestaffcertificationinfirstaid?A.SiteSupervisor.B.ProgramDirector.C.RedCross.D.KidsClub.(4)WhatshouldstaffmembersdointheClub?A.MakeplansfortheKidsClub.B.Teachkidssomethingaboutart.C.Helpkeepthefacilitiesclean.D.ActasProgramDirector.2.阅读理解   Watchinga3Dmoviecanmorethandoubletheconcentrationpowersandthecognitive（认知的）processofchildren,newre-searchclaims.   AstudybyvisualtechnologyfirmReadandledbychildpsychologistDrRichardWoolfsonandassociatelectureratGoldsmithsPatrickFagansuggeststhatchildrenagedbetween7and14experiencedtwicethecognitiveprocessingspeedandperformedbetterintestsafterwatching20minutesofa3Dfilm.   Thissuggeststhatchildren'sattentionspanshaveshortenedinthelastdecadeduetounlimitedaccesstoentertainment,includingon-demandTV,gamingandsocialmedia.   A2022studyclaimedthatwatching3Dcontenthadasimilareffecttobrain-trainingexercises.   ConsumerpsychologistMrFagansaidthattheincreasedstimulationfoundinwatchingsomethingin3D"exercised"thebrainandimprovedperformanceintheshortterm.   3Dfilmscanplaytheroleofbrain-training"gamesandhelptomakechildren'smarter'intheshortterm,"hesaid."Theresponsespeedafterwatching3Dwasalmostthreetimesasquickasthatgainedfromwatching2D;inotherwords,3Dhelpschildrenprocessaspectsoftheirenvironmentmorequickly.Thisislikelybecause3Disamentallyexcitingexperiencewhich'getsthebrain'sjuicesflowing'."(1)Howdoweknowthebenefitsofwatchinga3Dfilm?A.Throughintroduction.B.Bytakinganexam.C.Throughresearch.D.BywatchingTVshows.(2)What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"stimulation"?A.Excitement.B.Contents.15/15C.Cost.D.Time.(3)Whydoes3Dhaveanadvantageover2D?A.Thetimeofwatching3Disshort.B.3Dcanincreasethereactionspeed.C.3Dcanmakechildrenadaptthesurroundingsmorequickly.D.3Dcanmakemorebrain'spower(4)Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.How3DformsB.Whatare3DfilmsC.Astudyon3DfilmsD.3Dfilmsbenefitchildren3.阅读理解   "HowtoLetCooftheWorldandLoveAlltheThingsClimateCan'tChange"isthelatestmoviefromfilm-makerandclimateactivistJoshFox.Themovieisthethirdfilminathree-partseriesaboutclimatechange.   In2022,Fox'sdocumentary"Gasland"wasappointedforthehighestaward-anOscar."Gasland"exploredthehotlydebatedprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.Heexaminedthesubjectagainin"GaslandⅡ".   FoxwasinWashington,D.C.recentlytopresenthisthirdfilm.Hewasarrestedduringaprotestagainstanewfuelpipeline.Inthefilm,Foxsayspollutionfromfossilfuelsmustbereduced.Withoutlimits,therewillbemoreextremeweather,likeseverestormsanddryweather,risingsealevels,causingshortagesoffoodandwater,"Whenyoureallyencounterthatheadon,itcausesanin-crediblecrisis."   Inthenewfilm,FoxtravelsthroughasunlessforestintheAmazonwithlocalactiviststomeasureoilspills.HegoestoavillageinEcuadortolearnhowpeopletherestoppedapipelinefrombeingbuilt.HejoinsyoungpeopleinAustraliatostopboatsfromenteringtheportofNewcastle.   "Youshouldprobablyknowthedownsideofwhatwe'reabouttodo.Thisistheshortlist:drowning,beingarrested:beingrunoverbyboats,driftingawayincurrentsoutintothePacificOcean,culturaldisrespect,bigwaves."   Alsointhefilm,FoxtalkstoEllaZhou,anenergyexpert.Sheexplainedtheimportanceofwhatshecalls"moralimagination"."Ithinkthatitforcesustogetoutofourboxofthinkingabout,forinstance,whatisbeingsuccessful.Itallowsustohaveamoralvalueaboutwhatyouwantasaperson.Whatdoyouwanttodofortheworldandforyourself?"(1)WhywasFox's"Gasland"appointedforanOscar?A.BecauseFoxisthemostfamousfilm-makerinAmerica.B.BecauseFoxhadexperiencedincrediblecrisisintheglobe.C.Becausethemovieismainlyaboutglobalclimatechange.D.BecauseFoxwasarrestedforopposinganewfuelpipeline.(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"referto?A.Thepollutionfromfossilfuels.B.Theeconomiccrisis.15/15C.Theincreasingpopulation.D.Theextremeweather.(3)What'sthepurposeof"moralimagination"mentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Towarnpeopleoftheimportanceofcreatingnewfuels.B.Tomakepeoplelearntobecreativeinthinkingthings.C.Tomotivatepeopletoachievetheirdreamsintheirlife.D.Tostimulatepeopletofindthevaluesofindividuals.4.阅读理解   Inthetrafficlights,redmeans"stop",greenmeans"go",andyellowmeans"hurry":Whythosecolors,though?Whynotblue,purple,andbrown?ThefollowingaretranspondedfromothersWeChat.●Redisaninheritedsymbolfromrailroads   Redsymbolizesdangerinmanycultures,whichmakessense,consideringithasthelongestwavelengthofanycolor,meaningyoucanseeitfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.Redhasmeant"stop"sincelongbeforecarsexisted,withrailwaysignalsuseofreddatingbaketothedayswhenmechanicalarmsliftedandloweredtoindicatewhethertherailaheadwasclear.Sothatone'ssimple.●Greenmeant"caution"atfirst   Green'sroleinlightshasactuallychangeddramaticallyovertime.Itswavelengthisnextto(andshorterthan)yellow's,meaningit'sstilleasiertoseethananycolorotherthanredandyellow.Backintheearlydaysofrailwaylights,greenoriginallymeant"caution",whilethe"all-clear"lightwas,well,clearorwhite.Trains,of,course,takeanunlimitedlylongtimetostop,andlegendhasitthatseveraldisastrouscollisionshappenedafteranengineermistookstarsinthenighthorizonforanall-clear.Thus,greenbecame"go",andforalongtime,railwaysusedonlygreenandredtosignaltrains.●Yellowmeans"caution"becauseit'salmostaseasytoseeasred   Fromtheearliestdaysofmotoringupuntilthemid-1900s,notallstopsignswerered-manywereyellow,becauseatnightitwasallbutimpossibletoseearedstopsigninapoorlylitarea.Theyellowstop-signcrazebeganinDetroitin1915,acitythatfiveyearslaterinstalleditsfirstelectrictrafficsignal,whichhappenedtoincludetheveryfirstambertrafficlight,atthecornerofMichiganandWoodwardAves.(1)Whataretheearliesttrafficsignalsdesignedforfromthepassage?A.Cars.B.Trains.C.Motorcars.D.Notmentioned.(2)Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Greenmeans"go"allthetime.B.Redistheeasiestcolortobenoticed.C.Allyellowthingsneeddealingwithcarefully.D.Allthethreecolorswereonceusedas"caution".(3)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?15/15A.Whatisyourfavoritecolor?B.Whyare"Red,Yellow,Green"usedastrafficsignals?C.Howcanwefigureoutthewavelengthofcolors?D.Whatcolorcangreen,yellowandredmake?(4)Whereisthepassagefrom?A.Adiary.B.Ascientificmagazine.C.Anewspaper.D.TheInternet.二.完形填空5.完形填空   "Thereoncewasabeggarwholovedtohearhimselfsing.Helived1adustbinnexttoasupermarket.Hehadthemostamazingvoice.Noonewouldlistentohim,2.Catsanddogswouldcometosingalong.Allanimalswouldcometohearthissound.No3though.His4audienceweretheanimals.Evenwithoutpeopletosingto.themanwasfilledwith5forhelovedhisvoice.   Thenoneday,alittlegirlwasonherwaytothesupermarket.Themanwassingingoneofhisfavoritesongs.Thelittlegirl6himandwonderedwhatthatnoisewas.Shebegan7aroundeverycorneruntilshefoundhim.Thegirl'seyesbegantogrowwideasshesawthemaninhis8clothes.Sheaskedhimtosing,withno9ofdangerinhervoice.Thisshockedtheman.Hesangforthegirlwithjoyinhiseyes.Althoughitwasnicetobe10tosing,itwasalsonicetohaveanaudience.Hesanguntiltheyheardthegirl'smother11forher.Thegirlquicklysaid12andranoff.   Thegirlreturnedthenextdayandaskedhimtosing.13hesangforthelittlegirl.Afterafewsongs,sheleft14thecallofhermother.Shecamethedayafter,withanolderwoman.Thiswasthegirl's15.Shedidnotseemtomindbeingledbehinda16dustbin.Thegirlaskedthebeggartosing.Themansanghisheartoutforthe17ofthemtohear.Themother'sfrownbeganto18andasmilebegantoappear.Thedaysafterwerefullofcheerfulsingingandtheaudienceoftwo19,theywouldbringmorepeopletolisten.Thebeggarcontinuedtosinguntilhecouldnotsinganymore.20helovedhisvoiceanymore.1.A.over  B.underC.besideD.behind2.A.although B.but  C.thoughD.still3.A.cats  B.audienceC.animalsD.humans4.A.only   B.devotedC.enthusiasticD.excited5.A.regret  B.joyC.painD.sorrow6.A.saw   B.noticed   C.heardD.made7.A.looking B.researchingC.searchingD.finding15/158.A.tidy  B.cleanC.dirtyD.cheap9.A.fear   B.signal C.expressionD.noise10.A.awake   B.aloneC.awareD.ashamed11.A. phoning  B.crying   C.appealingD.calling12.A.goodbye   B.okayC.sorry D.hello13.A.Once B.AgainC.MoreD.Often14.A.in  B.onC.atD.over15.A.friend  B.motherC.sisterD.teacher16.A.big   B.deserted   C.smellyD.beautiful17.A.both  B.noneC.allD.either18.A.replace  B.ruinC.fadeD.break19.A.Later   B.Earlier C.SoonerD.Otherwise20.A.ApartfromB.ThankstoC.Notjust D.Inaddition三.七选五6.任务型阅读WhyWalkingYourDogIsGreatExercise   Havingtroublestickingtoanexerciseprogram?Researchshowsthatdogsareactuallynature'sperfectpersonaltrainers-loyal,hard-working,energeticandenthusiastic.Yourfriendsmayskipanexercisesessionbecauseofappointments,extrachoresorbadweather.________   Isdogwalkingreallyeffectiveexercise?Manypeoplearebecominginterestedinexercisetohelploseexcessweight.________Dogowner-shipandobesitywereevaluatedinSeattle,Wash.,andBaltimore,Md.,inastudypublishedinthejournalPreventiveMedicineinSeptember2022.Dogownerswhoreportedwalkingtheirdogswerealmost25percentlesslikelytobeobesethanpeoplewithoutdogs.   Whatarethebenefitsofregularexercise?Dr.JoannaKrukreviewedmedicalliteraturedescribingthehealthbenefitsofexercise.Herresearchshowedthattheriskofdevelopinganumberofserioushealthproblemsisreducedbyphysicalactivityandexercise.   ________It'seasytoforgetabouthealthywalkingplans,sosetthestageforasuccessfulprogram:Establishawalkingschedule;plantowalk30minutestotaleachday.Thismightincludea10-minuteneighborhoodwalkinthemorninganda20-minuterompatthedogparkafterwork.Ormaybethree10-minulewalksorone30-minutewalkfitinbetterwithyourday.   Ifdogwalkingis"scheduled"eachday,you'llfeelmoreresponsibleforstickingwithyourprogram.________Mostimportantly,dailywalkingyourdogwillkeepitfitandgiveitanopportunitytoutilizetheirsenseswhilealsoengagingtheirmind.   So,grabaleash,whistletothepup,andgoforawalk-todayandeveryday!Takeaction!________A.Planforsuccess.B.Trackyourprogress.C.Thiswillreinforceyourgoodbehavior.15/15D.Dogwalkingisagreatwaytostartahealthylifestyleprogram.E.However,dogsnevergiveyouanexcusetodelayexercising.F.Plus,yourdogwillalsogetusedtotheroutineandremindyouwhen"it'stime"!G.ObesityisaffectingaboutoneineverythreetofouradultsintheUnitedStatesandEurope.四.短文填空7.语法填空   Manypeoplebelievesmalltalkisvery________(bore).Althoughthatistrue,therearemanyplaceswheresmalltalkisveryimportant.InWesternculture,strangerstalktootherstrangers________(frequent).Ontheotherhand,smalltalkisnotsocommoninEasternculture.Strangersare________(friend)tooneanotherinWesternculture,andsmalltalkisveryimportanttoEnglishlearning.Oneotherplacewheresmalltalkisimportantisin________interview.Besides,thebestwaytolearnsmalltalkistoprovidemanyexamples.Herearesome________(suggest)abouthowtouseexamples.Smalltalk________(involve)manydifferenttopics.Inotherwords,studentscanlearnseverallessons,________(cover)othersubjects,suchassports,jobs,schools,etc.Oncewehavestartedthesmalltalk,________isyourresponsibilitytokeeptheconversation________(focus)onyourworkandstudy.Inordertodoso,youcantalkaboutanything________isnottoopersonal.五.短文改错8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；   LastweekendourclasshadaexcitingbasketballmatchwithourneighborClass4.Ihadthoughtthatourteamwasconsistedofstrongandableplayer,meincluded,whiletheoppositeteamwerenomatchforus.Andwhenthematchstarted,Iwassurprisedtofindthateverymemberoftheotherteamwasfightinghardly,regardlessofthefactthattheywerefarlesscapablethanus.Therefore,itcameasnosurprisethatwebecomethewinnerinthematch,buttheloserwonourrespectforourfightinthematch.Theresultofthematchhavetaughtmethat,whatevertheoutcomeis,whichcountsisthatwehavetriedourbest.Onlyinthiswaywemakeprogressinlife.六.书面表达9.假如你是李华，暑假将在一家对外汉语培训公司兼职，请根据要点提示，用英语对中国的剪纸艺术做简单介绍。要点：1).剪纸艺术起源于6世纪或甚至更早；2).剪纸过去是为了宗教祭祀，现在是为了烘托节日气氛；3).中国剪纸已发展成一种艺术。注意：1).词数l00左右。2).可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3).开头和结尾已经为你写好。15/15参考词汇：剪纸papercuttingDearfriends,   I'mLiHua.IfeelhonoredtobeyourChineseteacherthissummer.      That'sit.Nowlet'sbeginourclass.15/15答案解析部分一.阅读理解1.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）C【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类，说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇儿童俱乐部的招聘广告前面以教堂项目主任的身份给申请者谢了一封信，表达感谢和对申请者的一些要求。下文又补充说明了申请者必须符合的要求和最低要求。（1）细节理解题由正文第二段November20thistheapplicationdeadlineforthespringsemesterof2022.Applicationscanbesubmitted（提交）inpersontotheCommunityEducationOffice（11月20日是2022春季学期申请截止日期，申请可以亲自提交到社区教育办公室）可知必须要在11月20日之前提交申请，故选D。（2）细节理解题由AvailableMonday-Friday,2:45pm-6:15pm可知工作时间只是周一到周五的下午2:45-6:15并非全天，故A错误；由wereceivechildrenJanuary5,2022可知他们接受孩子是在2022年1月5号，故C错误；由AllKidsClubstaffmembersmustbecurrentlyRedCrosscertifiedinFirstAid.可知申请者的最低要求中包括：所有的儿童俱乐部工作人员必须是目前红十字急救认证。故D错误；由Staffmembersmustattendweeklysitemeetingsandmonthlystaffmeetings.可知员工必须参加每周的现场会议和每月的员工会议。所以员工至少每周参加一次会议，B正确，故选B（3）细节理解题由AllKidsClubstaffmembersmustbecurrentlyRedCrosscertifiedinFirstAid.可知所有的儿童俱乐部工作人员必须是目前红十字急救认证。故选B。（4）细节理解题由Assistinthedaily,aswellasweekly,clean-upofthefacilities.可知员工需要协助清理设备，保持设备干净，故选B。【点评】用细节定位法：细节理解题属于直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B)正确分析词语在句中的作用；C)熟练运用英语的句型转换；D)读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。比如文章第2小题，首先根据题干内容“为了申请成为儿童俱乐部的一员你需要做什么”，这里需要在文章中关于申请者需要做的内容，由AvailableMonday-Friday,2:45pm-6:15pm可知工作时间只是周一到周五的下午2:45-6:15并非全天，故A错误；由wereceivechildrenJanuary5,2022可知他们接受孩子是在2022年1月5号，故C错误；由AllKidsClubstaffmembersmustbecurrentlyRedCrosscertifiedinFirstAid.可知申请者的最低要求中包括：所有的儿童俱乐部工作人员必须是目前红十字急救认证。故D错误；由Staffmembersmustattendweeklysitemeetingsandmonthlystaffmeetings.可知员工必须参加每周的现场会议和每月的员工会议。所以员工至少每周参加一次会议，B正确，故选B15/152.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【考点】主旨大意题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，教育文化类，议论文【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了研究表明在过去十年中，由于无限的访问娱乐，包括点播电视，游戏和社交媒体，儿童的注意力跨度缩短。观看3D电影可以提高孩子的认知能力，并且文章列举了很多名人专家以及知名企业，使得这一看法更具有可靠性。（1）细节理解题由文章第二段AstudybyvisualtechnologyfirmReadandledbychildpsychologistDrRichardWoolfsonandassociatelectureratGoldsmithsPatrickFagansuggeststhatchildrenagedbetween7and14experiencedtwicethecognitiveprocessingspeedandperformedbetterintestsafterwatching20minutesofa3Dfilm.可知研究表明孩子观看两次20分钟的3D电影后人只处理速度加快，测试表现得更好，故选C。（2）词意推断题ConsumerpsychologistMrFagansaidthattheincreasedstimulationfoundinwatchingsomethingin3D"exercised"thebrainandimprovedperformanceintheshortterm.消费心理学家法冈先生说在看的一些3D电影中增加的……可以短时期内锻炼大脑，并且提高表演能力。由句意可以推断出是精彩的令人兴奋的环节，而不是Contents.（内容）Cost（花费）.Time（时间）.故选A。（3）细节理解题由最后一段Theresponsespeedafterwatching3Dwasalmostthreetimesasquickasthatgainedfromwatching2D可知看完3D电影后反应速度几乎比看2D的三倍，故选B。（4）标题题文章开头Watchinga3Dmoviecanmorethandoubletheconcentrationpowersandthecognitive（认知的）processofchildren,newre-searchclaims.就表明了观点：3D电影有孩子有很大好处，接着有举出研究实例证明了这个观点是正确的，并全面诠释了有哪些好处。所以以3D电影有利于孩子为题最贴切，其他题目都不能够概括全文，故选D3.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B【考点】主旨大意题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了身为电影制作者兼气候活动家的JoshFox在导演三部气候改变系列的电影时的一些经历。着重介绍了他的第三部电影"HowtoLetCooftheWorldandLoveAlltheThingsClimateCan'tChange"，介绍了电影中的一些关键内容。（1）细节理解题由第二段"Gasland"exploredthehotlydebatedprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.可知"Gasland"探究从地上除去天然气这一激烈争论的过程，故选C。（2）细节理解题由第三段Withoutlimits,therewillbemoreextremeweather,likeseverestormsanddryweather,risingsealevels,causingshortagesoffoodandwater,"Whenyoureallyencounterthatheadon,itcausesanin-crediblecrisis."没有限制，将会有更极端的天气，如严重的风暴和干燥的天气，海平面上升，造成食物和水的短缺，“当你真的遇到了头上，它会导致一个可信的危机。”故that指极端的天气，故选D。（3）主旨题由最后一段Sheexplainedtheimportanceofwhatshecalls"moralimagination"."Ithinkthatitforcesustogetoutofourboxofthinkingabout,forinstance,whatisbeingsuccessful.Itallowsustohaveamoralvalueaboutwhatyouwantasaperson.Whatdoyouwanttodofortheworldandforyourself?"可知moralimagination迫使我们离开我们的盒子思考，例如15/15成功是什么，它使我们有了道德价值，你想要什么作为一个人。你想为世界和自己做什么？所以作者提到moralimagination是要使人们在思考事情时更有创造力。故选B。4.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）B（4）D【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，社会文化类，说明文【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在交通灯里，红色代表停止，绿灯代表行走，黄灯代表慢行。并详细讲述了为什么交通灯是这三种颜色而不是蓝色紫色或者棕色等等。（1）细节理解题由第二段Redhasmeant"stop"sincelongbeforecarsexisted,withrailwaysignalsuseofreddatingbaketothedayswhenmechanicalarmsliftedandloweredtoindicatewhethertherailaheadwasclear.可知交通灯最早使用是用于铁路，使用最初交通灯是为火车设计的，故选B。（2）细节理解题由Backintheearlydaysofrailwaylights,greenoriginallymeant"caution"可知绿色最初代表谨慎，故A错误；由ithasthelongestwavelengthofanycolor,meaningyoucanseeitfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.可知红光最容易看见，故B正确，；由Fromtheearliestdaysofmotoringupuntilthemid-1900s,notallstopsignswerered-manywereyellow,可知从最开始到20实际中期，并不是所有停止标志都是红色，也可能是黄色，故C错误；由Redhasmeant"stop"sincelongbeforecarsexisted,可知红色最初代表停止，故D错误。故选B。（3）主旨题由文章第一段Whythosecolors,though?Whynotblue,purple,andbrown?ThefollowingaretranspondedfromothersWeChat.为什么是这些颜色？为什么不是蓝色，紫色，棕色？接下来就是在解释以上问题，故文章主旨是为什么红色、绿色、黄色用于交通灯。故选B。（4）推断题ThefollowingaretranspondedfromothersWeChat.以下是转发别人微信的，所以文章来源于网络，故选D。二.完形填空5.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）B（6）C（7）C（8）C（9）A（10）B（11）D（12）A（13）B（14）C（15）B（16）C（17）A（18）C（19）A（20）C【考点】记叙文，人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个小故事，以前有一个住在垃圾箱后面的乞丐，声音很特别好听，开始没有人来听她唱歌，直到一个小姑娘偶然听到了他的歌声，带来越来越多的人来听他唱歌。（1）考查介词，根据下文"Shedidnotseemtomindbeingledbehinda...dustbin."可知这个乞丐住在垃圾箱的后面，故选D.（2）考查副词，A.although然而，尽管;B.but但是;C.though然而，但是;D.still仍然although一般不用作副词，而though可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首)，意为“可是”、“不过”，根据句意:他有最令人吃惊的声音，然而没有人总是听他唱歌。故选C.（3）考查名词辨析，结合上下文可知，只有动物来听乞丐演唱，没有一个人类来听，故选D.（4）考查形容词辨析，A.only 唯一的; B.devoted 献身的，忠诚的； C.enthusiastic  热情的，热心的；D.excited振奋人心的。根据上文可知只有动物们来听乞丐唱歌，所以唯一的听众是动物们，故选A.（5）考查名词辨析，A.regret后悔； B.joy乐趣;  C.pain痛苦;  D.sorrow悲伤，根据句意:15/15尽管没有人来听他演唱，这个乞丐仍是充满乐趣的，因为他爱自己的声音，故选B.（6）考查动词，A.saw看到  B.noticed 注意到 C.heard听到  D.made制作，根据上下文可知，小姑娘听到了那位乞丐唱歌的声音，故选C.（7）考查动词辨析，根据句意:小姑娘在到处寻找那个声音，想要知道是谁的，故选C.（8）考查形容词辨析，A.tidy整洁的 B.clean干净的  C.dirty 脏的 D.cheap便宜的，由第一段可知唱歌的人是个乞丐，而且住在垃圾箱后面，所以应该很穷，衣服比较脏，故选C.（9）考查名词，A.fear害怕   B.signal  信号C.expression表达  D.noise噪音，根据句意，小女孩让乞丐唱歌给她听，一点也不害怕会有危险，故选A.（10）考查固定搭配A.awake清醒的  B.alone孤独的  C.aware 意识到 D.ashamed羞愧的，结合上文可知，以前乞丐都是独自一人唱歌，没有观众，只有一些动物听他唱歌，故选B.（11）考查短语词组，A.phoning打电话 B.crying 哭喊 C.appealing 吸引 D.calling呼唤，根据句意，小女孩的妈妈正在呼唤她，故选D.（12）考查固定搭配，.A.goodbye   再见B.okay 赞同C.sorry  抱歉D.hello你好，根据句意，小女孩的妈妈呼唤她，所以她向乞丐说了再见，然后跑走了，故选A.（13）考查副词辨析A.Once  一次，曾经B.Again再一次  C.More 更多D.Often经常，根据句意，小女孩第二天又来了，乞丐再一次给小女孩唱歌，故选B.（14）考查介词辨析，on表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上;in一般“上”“下”“晚”;at用在一个较短的时间点,根据句意，当妈妈呼唤她时，她离开了，故选C.（15）考查名词，结合上下文可知第三次来的时候小女孩带着妈妈一起来听这个乞丐唱歌，故选B.（16）考查形容词辨析，A.big 大的 B.deserted荒芜的  C.smelly 有臭味的 D.beautiful漂亮的，根据句意妈妈似乎不介意被带到一个有臭味的垃圾箱旁边，故选C.（17）考查代词辨析A.both   B.none   C.all   D.either.all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。根据句意，他为小女孩和她的妈妈非常用心的演唱，故选A.（18）考查动词辨析，A.replace取代  B.ruin毁坏  C.fade 褪去，消失 D.break打破，弄断，削弱，根据句意:妈妈的皱眉逐渐消失，脸上出现了笑容，故选C.（19）考查副词A.Later......之后   B.Earlier 更早C.Sooner 更快，不久 D.Otherwise否则，根据句意，在那充满欢快的歌声自己有两个听众的日子过去之后，小女孩和妈妈总是带来越来越多的人去听他唱歌，故选A.（20）考查短语词组，A.Apartfrom一部分来自......   B.Thanksto多亏  C.Notjust  不只是，不仅仅D.Inaddition另外，根据句意，乞丐会一直会她们唱歌，直到他不能唱歌，不再只是爱他的声音，故选C.【点评】考生必须进行通篇考虑，掌握大意，注意语境和有关提示，正确地分析、归纳、概括出一篇文章的主旨或段意的表达，千万不要急于选择答案。通过游览阅读上述文章，为帮助考生能更好地解答完形填空题，在这里介绍文章用到的几种解题技巧：逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系来解题。这种逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。例如Hehadthemostamazingvoice.Noonewouldlistentohim,___2___.although然而，尽管;B.but但是;C.though然而，但是;D.still仍然15/15结合上下文可知：这个乞丐拥有着惊人的嗓音，但是没有人来听，只有一些动物相伴，所以这里应该是转折语气，故选B。三.七选五6.【答案】B；G；A；F；D【考点】说明文，七选五【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了遛狗可以减肥。主要是因为人们总是忘记健康行走的计划而狗狗可以提醒你，你会更负责任地坚持你的计划。（1）Yourfriendsmayskipanexercisesessionbecauseofappointments,extrachoresorbadweather.你的朋友可能会跳过锻炼时间，因为约会、额外的家务和恶劣的天气。这与B选项跟踪你的进度。正好合适，是要求你要遵循你的进度，坚持锻炼。故选B。（2）Manypeoplearebecominginterestedinexercisetohelploseexcessweight.___2___很多人都喜欢锻炼来减掉多余的体重。这与G选项肥胖在美国和欧洲每三到四个成年人中就有一个受到影响。二者相连接，起到承上启下的作用，也解释了美国和欧洲的肥胖的严重程度。故选G。（3）___3___It'seasytoforgetabouthealthywalkingplans,sosetthestageforasuccessfulprogram:Establishawalkingschedule;很容易忘记健康行走的计划，所以设置阶段为一个成功的计划：建立一个行走计划；该空格位于段首，所以是本段的中心句A.Planforsuccess.可以概括本段的意思，故选A。（4）Ifdogwalkingis"scheduled"eachday,you'llfeelmoreresponsibleforstickingwithyourprogram.___4___Mostimportantly,dailywalkingyourdogwillkeepitfitandgiveitanopportunitytoutilizetheirsenseswhilealsoengagingtheirmind.如果遛狗是每天的日程安排，你会更负责任地坚持下去。更重要的是，每日步行，你的狗会保持它的健康并给它一个机会，利用他们的感觉，同时也从事他们的头脑。F.Plus,yourdogwillalsogetusedtotheroutineandremindyouwhen"it'stime"!此外，你的狗也会习惯于常规，提醒你“时间”！Plus（此外）与Mostimportantly（更重要的是）相对应，故选F。（5）空格位于So,grabaleash,whistletothepup,andgoforawalk-todayandeveryday!Takeaction!（所以，抓住皮带，吹口哨给小狗，每天去散步！采取行动！）之后，最后一段是在倡导大家遛狗，所以D.Dogwalkingisagreatwaytostartahealthylifestyleprogram.遛狗是一个开始一个健康的生活方式计划的伟大的方式。故选D。四.短文填空7.【答案】boring；frequently；friendly；an；suggestions；involves；covering；it；focused；that【考点】语法填空，短文填词【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了短时间聊天的在一些方面的重要性，有助于英语学习；获得例子；学到经验教训等。（1）考查形容词，句意为：许多人认为小聊天是很无聊的。需要填形容词，故填boring。（2）考查副词，句意为：在西方文化中，陌生人之间频繁地聊天。要填副词，故填frequently （3）考查副词，句意为：在西方文化中，陌生人友好地聊天。需要填副词，故填 friendly（4）考查冠词，句意为：小谈在会谈中也很重要。因为interview以元音字母开头，故填an。（5）考查可数名词复数，句意为：这里有一些如何使用这些例子的建议。需要填名词，suggestion可数，故填suggestions。（6）考查动词，句意为：小谈涉及任何不同的话题。需要填动词而且是单数形式，故填involves.15/15（7）考查动词的现在分词，句意为：换句话说，学生可以学到一些教训，包含其他学科，如体育，工作，学校，因为是从句，故填covering.（8）考查介词做形式主语，句意为：保持谈话的重点在你的工作和学习上是你的责任，故填it。（9）考查动词的被动语态，句意为：保持谈话的重点在你的工作和学习上是你的责任，befocusedon表示集中于，故填focused（10）考查代词，句意为：你可以谈论任何不太私人的话题。需要填代词，代指anything，故填that。五.短文改错8.【答案】   Lastweekendourclasshad excitingbasketballmatchwithourneighborClass4.Ihadthoughtthatourteam consistedofstrongandable,meincluded,whiletheoppositeteamwerenomatchforus. whenthematchstarted,Iwassurprisedtofindthateverymemberoftheotherteamwasfighting,regardlessofthefactthattheywerefarlesscapablethanus.Therefore,itcameasnosurprisethatwe thewinnerinthematch,buttheloserwon respectforourfightinthematch.Theresultofthematch taughtmethat,whatevertheoutcomeis, countsisthatwehavetriedourbest.Onlyinthisway wemakeprogressinlife.【考点】短文改错【解析】【分析】【1】考查冠词，以元音字母开口的名词，用an修饰，故把a改成an.【2】考查动词，consistof意为由……组成，无被动形式，故应把was去掉。【3】考查名词，根据句意：我们队伍由强壮的有能力的玩家组成，肯定不止一个玩家，所以应用复数形式，故应把player改成players。【4】考查连词，根据句意：比赛开始的时候，我发现另一队伍的每个成员都在奋力拼搏，与上一句形成转折，故应把and改成but。【5】考查副词，hard本身就有副词的意思：努力地，不需要变形，故应把hardly改成hard。【6】考查动词，整篇文章都在叙述过去的事情，故应把become改成became。【7】考查人称代词，主语是loser，故应把our改成their。【8】考查动词，主语是theresultofthematch故应把have改成has。【9】考查主语从句，what引导主语从句,what可以在从句中充当主语,宾语成分which引导主语从句,意思为哪一个,哪一些,一般后面需要紧跟名词,做具体说明是什么东西，故应把which改成what。【10】考查倒装句，only修饰的状语位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，句型为only+状语/状语从句+be/助动词/情态动词+主语，故应在we前面加can。【点评】短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查，检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力，进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。考生在该项上往往失分较多，对该题感到束手无策。那么怎样找错误就成了解题的关键。这里有一些短文改错题型的答题技巧。名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用，例如第三题，根据句子中提到team，所以一组队伍中肯定不止有一名成员，所以player应用复数形式players。谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤15/15第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用,　例如第8题，分析句子成分，准确判断主语和谓语是做此题的关键，theresultofthematch是这个句子的主语所以谓语动词应该用单数形式has。六.书面表达9.【答案】Dearfriends,   I'mLiHua.IfeelhonoredtobeyourChineseteacherthissummer.TodayI'dliketotellyousomethingaboutChinesepapercutting.   Papercuttingisoneofthemostpopularkindsoffolkart.It'shistorydatesbacktothesixthcentury,butpeoplethinkitmaybehundredsofyearsearlierthanthat.   Inthepast,papercuttingwascommonlyusedinreligiousceremoniesorofferingsacrifices.Theancientpeoplecutpaperintoanimalsorpeople.Aboutathousandyearsago,papercuttingwasusedfordecoratingwalls,windows,doorsordesksforthefestivalatmosphere.   Papercuttingcoversnearlyalltopics.Madebyhand,papercuttingisreallybeautiful.Atpresent,papercuttinghaschangedfromdecorationtoakindoffolkart.   That'sit.Nowlet'sbeginourclass.【考点】提纲作文，文字式说明文【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍中国的剪纸艺术。文章内容提示已经给出。同学们在写这篇文章时，要注意以下几点：1.通篇以一般现在时态为主。2. 要点要齐全。但是不要对要点进行简单的罗列。3.可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流畅，衔接自然流程。因为所有考生的大致内容都是一样的所以主要是看能不能写出让考官眼前一亮的作文。同时要使文章的内容充实，不能显得无力。学生可以采用简单句和复杂句结合的方法，并且同时穿插一些祈使句和倒装句使文章充实。【点评】文章开头TodayI'dliketotellyousomethingaboutChinesepapercutting.交代了写作目的引出了中国剪纸。文章紧扣提示内容，并展开进行详细生动的分析。文中用了oneofthemostpopularkindsoffolkart、datesbackto、Aboutathousandyearsago、wasusedfor等高级短语，让阅卷老师眼前一亮。15/15