2021—2022学年度高中一年级教学质量测试英语科试题本试题共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AWherearePeopleTravelingThisSummer?Asummervacationshouldbethebesttravelofyouryear,anopportunitytoenjoysunshine,exploreexcitingnewdestinations,discovernewculturesandrelaxinfinerestaurants.Herearesomeofthewonderfulplacesyoucanflyforthissummervacation.Takealookatthemandconsiderwhichonesuitsyoubest.FlytoChicagoThereareplentyofreasonstofollowtheirexamplethissummerifyouarelookingforanexcitingcitybreak.VisitorsflocktoNavyPier,abustling1.5mile-longboardwalkthatisfulloffamily-friendlyattractions.FlytoLondonAtransatlantictriptothecapitaloftheUKbringsyoutoacitythatcombinesancienthistorywithalively,modernurbanculture.SummervisitorscanvisitBuckinghamPalace,hometotheQueen,theHousesofParliament,TowerofLondonandothernationalmonuments.FlytoOrlandoAtriptoOrlandothissummerbringsyoutoavacationwonderlandwithafantasticconcentrationoftouristattractions.ConsistentlyoneofthemostpopulardestinationsofthesummeritwillbeinthetoptentraveldestinationsforAmericansthisyear.Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresortsandthingstodothatincludeUniversalOrlandoResort,WaltDisneyWorldResortandSeaWorldOrlando.FlytoNewYorkSpendyoursummervacationcyclingaroundCentralPark,takingintheviewofManhattanfromtheferrytotheStatueofLibertyorenjoyingcraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.Thesummerbringsmusicandfilmeventstomanyofthecity’spublicspaces,includingBryantPark,alongsidefoodeventslikeNYCRestaurantWeekattheendofJuly.\n1.FeelinglikevisitingBuckinghamPalace,whichplaceshouldyouflyto?A.ChicagoB.LondonC.OrlandoD.NewYork2.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbedoneifyouflytoNewYork?A.CyclearoundCentralPark.B.TakeintheviewofManhattan.C.Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresorts.D.EnjoycraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.3.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoureadthetext?A.CitytoursandtipsB.HobbiesoftheGermans.C.Lifearoundtheworld.D.Fashionontheearth.【答案】1.B2.C3.ABParentseverywherearepraisingoneFloridamomaftersheshowedherdaughtertrueloveearlierthismonthinalessonaboutbeinggrateful.HaleyHasselwasshoppingforback-to-schoolsupplies.ShewantedtosurpriseherdaughterPresleighwithapencilcase,whichsheknewherdaughterwouldbehappyabout.Hasselwassurprised,however,whenherlittlegirlthrewthecaseinthegarbageandstormedintoherbedroom,slammingthedoorbehindher.“Sheyelled,‘That’sstupid.Everyoneinmyclasshasthat...Idon’twantitanymore!’”HasselexplainedinaFacebookpost.Hasselsaidshedidn’timmediatelyreactbecauseshewantedtodealwiththeangerproperly.“SobythetimetherewasprobablysmokecomingoutofmyearsIwastryingreallyhardnottocompletelyloseitwiththiskidwhomIhaveworkedsohardtocompletelytakecareofonmyown,”shewrote.“IthoughtIhadalwaystaughthertobegratefulandknowhowluckyshewas,butsheneededasmallwakeupcall!”Hasselgrabbedaplasticsandwichbag,wrotePresleigh’snameonitandhandedittoher.“Itoldhertogetthepencilcaseoutofthetrashandthatwewouldgiveittoonewhosemommyanddaddydon’thavemoneyforanyschoolsuppliesorsomeonewhomaynotevenhaveamommyordaddy.”Shecontinued,“Iexplainedtohershe’snotentitledto（享有）anythingspecialandsheis\ntakingforgrantedhowluckysheis.Sofornowshewillbeusingabagandwillpersonallybedeliveringtheniceboxtoachildthatcouldbenefitfromit.”4.WhatdidHassel’sdaughterdoaftershereceivedthepencilcase?A.Putitintoherbaghappily.B.Threwthecaseinthegarbage.C.SentHasselagiftinreturn.D.HuggedandkissedHassel.5.WhatcanweinferfromtheHassel’sexplanationsinaFacebookpost?A.Presleighwasastupid.B.Presleighhopedforsomethingspecial.CPresleighhatedhermothersomuch.D.Presleighrefusedtoacceptanygiftthathermotherboughther.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“butsheneededasmallwakeupcal!”mean?A.Butsheneededtobuyhersomethingspecial.B.Butsheneededtocallherdaughtertowakeupeveryday.C.Butsheneededatimelyremindforherdaughtertobegrateful.D.Butsheneededtobuyheranalarmclocktowakeherupeveryday.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHassel?A.Patientandcalm.B.Out-goingandactiveC.FunnyandbraveD.Hardworkinganddetermined【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.ACTheRussia-Ukraineconflict(俄乌冲突)couldleadtoaglobalfoodcrisis(危机)thatwillhitdevelopingcountriesthehardest,UnitedNations(UN)Secretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedinStockholmonWednesday.TheRussia-Ukraineconflictiscreatingsufferingand“mustendnow,”Guterressaidatapressconferenceafterthemeeting.Healsocalledforswiftdecisionstoresolvethefoodcrisisthatcouldarisefromtheconflict,puttingdevelopingcountriesmostatrisk.Thesituationisfueling“aglobalcrisisforfood,energyandfinance”thatisaffecting“themostvulnerablepopulations,countriesandeconomies,”hewarned.“A“perfectstorm”isthreateningto\ndestroytheeconomiesofmanydevelopingcountries,”headded.ThefoodcrisiscannotberesolvedeffectivelyunlessRussia’sfertilizersandfoodproduction,andUkraine’sfoodproductioncanreachworldmarketsagain,heemphasized.AccordingtotheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),RussiaandUkrainearetheworld’slargestandfifth-largestwheatexporters,respectively(分别地).Together,theyprovide19percentoftheworld’sbarleysupply,14percentofwheatand4percentofcorn,makingupmorethanonethirdofglobalgrainexports.InUkraine,whichisknownasthebreadbasketofEurope,theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheatthatwasplantedmonthsago,whilecornsandsunflowerssown(播种)whentheconflictbrokeoutwereleftunfertilized.ItisestimatedthatUkraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.Moreover,Russiaistheleadingproduceroffertilizers,accountingfor13percentofglobalproduction.LimitingRussianfertilizerexportsduetotheUS’sanctions(制裁)hasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.ThishasforcedfarmersinBrazil,theUnitedStatesandothermajoragriculturalcountriestoreducetheiruseoffertilizers,whichcouldaffectfutureharvests.8.WhatistheGuterres’attitudetowardsendingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict?A.Hesitant.B.Disagreed.C.Uncertain.D.Certain.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph6?A.Foodcrisiswillbecomeabigworry.B.Priceswillbeabletochangeourfoodpatterns.C.Cornandwheatwillbethemostimportantfood.D.Theybothplayanimportantroleingrainexportsintheworld.10.WhichoneisNOTtheUkraine’sproblemscausedbytheRussia-Ukraineconflict.A.Theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheat.B.Cornsandsunflowerswereleftunfertilized.C.LimitingRussianfertilizerexportshasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.D.Ukraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoSolvetheFoodCrisisEffectively.B.TheFoodCrisisCannotBeResolvedEffectively.\nC.CallsIncreaseforEndingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict.D.UNWarnsofPotentialGlobalFoodCrisisDuetoRussia-UkraineConflict.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.DDIfyouthoughtrunningwasjustgreatforthebody,thenthinkagain.Scientistshavefoundthatthesportnotonlykeepspeoplefitbutalsoimprovesyourbrainpower(脑力).Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhokeepfitaremorelikelytohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking.Theyalsofoundthatunfitpeopletendedtohavesmallerbrainsandreducedcognitiveskills.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidencewhichlinksexercisewithhelpingprotectthebrainagainstageing(老化)andalsohelpingitreplacedyingcells(死细胞).ThismightreducetheriskofmanyillnessesanddiseasessuchasAlzheimer’s.OneresearchpaperwithinitslatestissueseesscientistsatKentuckyUniversityputting30adultsaged59-69onatreadmill(跑步机).TheirheartandlungcapacitywasmeasuredandanMRIscannerwasusedtoassessthebloodflowtotheirbrains.Thosewhowerelessfithadsmallerbrainscomparedtothefittervolunteerswhohadlargerbrains.ScientistsinGermanyfollowed21adultsagedbetween60-77.Astheywentthroughathree-monthfitnessprogram,theysawimprovementsintheirmemory.Researchersarenotyetsurewhyexercisehelpstoprotectbraincellsbutsomeresearchinmicehasproducedresults.Mice,examinedattheNationalInstituteonAgeing,inBaltimore,foundthatcellsinthehippocampus(海马体),anareaofthebrainusedformemory,wereactivelyreproducingwhiletheirfatterpeerswereindecline.LindaClare,professorofclinicalpsychologyofageinganddementiaatExeterUniversityandamemberoftheGlobalCouncilonBrainHealthtoldTheSundayTimes:“Moderateintensityaerobic(有氧的)activitysuchaswalking,cyclingorrunningcanproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction.”12.Whotendtohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking?A.Peoplewhoarehealthy.B.Peoplewhoarethin.C.Peoplewhoareunhealthy.D.Peoplewhoarefat.13.Whatdowelearnfromtheexperimentinparagraph3?A.Thosewhowerelessfithadlargerbrains.B.Thosewhowerefitterhadsmallerbrains.\nC.Exercisehelpspeopleimprovetheirmemory.D.Oldpeopledoingexerciseimprovememorybetterthanyoungpeople.14.AccordtoLindaClare,whatkindofactivitycanNOTproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction?A.Walking.B.Singing.C.Cycling.D.Running.15.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Totellyousportimprovesyourbrainpower.B.Tointroducesomegoodwaystokeephealthy.C.Toteachyouhowtobestspendtimeindoingsports.D.Tointroduceseveralwaystoimproveyourmemory.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）HowtoKeepYourPetHealthyYouloveyourpets,andofcourse,youwanttokeepthemhappyandhealthy.It’simportanttoprovideagoodenvironment.Also,makesureyourpetsstayshealthy.____16____.____17____.Dietisthebeginningofkeepingyourpethealthy.Whenyoufirstgetapet,doyourresearchtofindoutthemostsuitabledietanddoyourbesttofollowitstrictly.Forexample,catsarecarnivores,sotrytopickthefoodwiththehighestlevelsofprotein.Provideplentyoffreshwatereveryday.____18____.Formostpets,thatmeansprovidingabowlordishofwaterthatyouchangeoutatleastonceaday.Petsneedtostayhydratedtobehealthy.Providebathsasneeded.Bathingkeepsyourpetclean,andforanimalsthatlikewater,itcanmakethemmuchhappiertoprovidebathsasneeded.Howoftenyoubatheyourpetreallydependsonthespecies.____19____.Otheranimals,likebirds,mayneedbathsorshowersseveraltimesaweekoreveneveryday.Seeyourveterinarian(兽医)foracheckupandvaccinations(接种疫苗).\nJustlikeyouneedtogotothedoctorforregularcheckups,yourpetdoes,too.Providingregularcheckupsallowsyourvettocatchproblemsearlybeforetheydevelopintoworseconditions.____20____.Talktoyourvetaboutwhichonesareproperforyourpet.A.ProvideasuitabledietB.ExerciseishealthyforyourpetC.HerearesomewaystokeepyourpetshealthyD.Forexample,dogsoftenneedbathsatleastonceamonthE.Besides,vaccinationscanhelpkeepyourpethappyandhealthyF.Nomatterwhatkindofpetyouhave,itwillneedwaterinsomeformG.Whileyourpetwillplaywithtoysonitsown,itwillenjoyplayingwithyoumuchmore【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.E语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）ThesonofMr.Smith,arichneighbor,usedtocometoseetheblacksmith(铁匠)everydayandforhoursandhourshewouldenjoyhimself____21____howheworked.“Youngman,whydon’tyoutryyourhandto____22____tomakeshoetacks(鞋钉)?”saidtheblacksmith.“Whoknows,oneday,itmaybeofusetoyou.”Thelazyboybegantoseewhathecoulddo.Butafteralittle____23____hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled(熟练的)andsoonhewasmakingsomeofthe____24____tacks.OldMr.Smithdiedandthesonlostallhis____25____becauseofthewar.Hehadto____26____homeandwasforcedtoliveinanothercountry.Itsohappenedthatinthis____27____thereweremanyshoemakerswhowerespendingalotof____28____tobuytacksfortheirshoesandevenattimeswhentheypaidhighpricestheywerenotalwaysableto____29____whattheywanted,becauseinthatpartofthecountrytherewasa_____30_____demandforsoldiers’shoes.YoungMr.Smith,whowasfindingit_____31_____toearnhisdailybread,rememberedthatonceuponatimehehadlearnedtheartofmakingtacksandhadthesudden_____32_____ofmakingabargainwiththeshoemakers.Hetoldthemthathewouldmakethetacksiftheywouldhelptogethim_____33_____hisworkshop.Theshoemakerswereonlytoogladofthe_____34_____.Andafterawhile,YoungMr.Smithfoundthathewassoonmakingthefinesttacksinthevillage.\n“_____35_____,”heusedtosay,“makingtackscanbringabigfortune.Mytradeismoreusefultomethanallmyformerfortune.”21.A.helpingB.watchingC.spottingD.ignoring22.A.reachB.breakC.learnD.replace23.A.practiceB.adventureC.hesitationD.operation24.A.finestB.worstC.longestD.shortest25.A.breakB.shoesC.benefitD.goods26.A.returnB.escapeC.comeD.leave27.A.villageB.houseC.cityD.town28.A.moneyB.requestC.economyD.emotion29.A.enjoyB.getC.pursueD.desire30.A.positiveB.impossibleC.toughD.high31.A.funnyB.excitingC.difficultD.particular32A.joyB.ideaC.testD.choice33.A.satisfiedwithB.concernedaboutC.settledinD.experiencedin34.A.helpB.goalC.offerD.attitude35.A.IllegallyB.SurprisinglyC.EventuallyD.Slowly【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.D27.A28.A29.B30.D31.C32.B33.C34.C35.B第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThehomecrowderuptedwhenChina’sEileenGuwonthewomen’sbigairfreeskiinggoldinBeijing.Gu____36____(jump)intothetoppositionwithherthirdrun,scoring94.50.Hertotalscorewas188.25intheevent’sdebutattheWinterOlympics.Guisan18-year-oldgirl____37____isafreestyleskier,modelandgrade-Astudentwith____38____AmericanfatherandaChinesemother.ShegrewupintheUnitedStates.Itwastherethatshegrewtoloveskiing.By2018,shewasrepresentingtheUS____39____theworldcupforthesport.\nThen,shedecidedtoswitchfromrepresentingtheUStorepresentingChina.Thedecisionmadeherfanshockedand____40____(confuse),butGuwasdetermined,____41____(share)herreasoningonInstagramatthetime.“Thiswasan____42____(extreme)toughdecisionformetomake...Throughskiing,Ihopetounitepeople,promotecommonunderstanding,createcommunication,andforge____43____(friendship)betweennations...I’mtryingmybesttomaketheworlda____44____(good)placeinmyownway.”saidGu.“IfIcanhelptoinspireoneyounggirl_____45_____(break)aboundary,mywisheswillhavecometrue.”sheadded.【答案】36.jumped37.who##that38.an39.in40.confused41.sharing42.extremely43.friendships44.better45.tobreak写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，2022年9月10日，你市将举办中秋节文化活动。你校外教Abbott对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起来参加，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.活动时间和地点；3.活动内容和意义。注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearAbbott,\nSinceyou’rekeenonChinesetraditionalculture,I’dliketoinviteyoutoparticipateinthecelebrationoftheMid-AutumnFestival,whichwilltakeplaceintheCultureSquareonSeptember10th,2022.Scheduledfrom7to9p.m.,thecelebrationwillbeafeastoftheChineseculture.Rangingfromenjoyingvarietiesofmooncakestosharingstoriesaboutthefestival,theactivitieswillundoubtedlyhelpyougainaglimpseintotheuniqueChinesetraditionsandcustoms.Andyourpresencewillalsoaddtoourenjoyment.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptourinvitation.Pleasereplyatyourearliestconvenience.Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastweek,asIwashavingbreakfastinmytruck,Inoticedaboy,sittingbytheroadwithhisdog.Hewasholdingasignaskingformoneyorfoodtohelpfeedhimandhisdog.Peopledrovepastignoringthem.WhenIfinishedmybreakfastIdecidedtobuysomefoodforthem.AsIwasleaving,Ipulledupbesidehimandhandedhimabagofbreakfastandasmallbagofdogfood.Iaskedhimifhewouldbewillingtoworkhardforthepay.HeimmediatelysaidthathecouldbethehardestworkerIhadeverseen.Thenextdayhecarriedwoodaroundandfetchedtoolsformealldaywithoutcomplainingonce.Hisdogsimplyfollowedhim.DuringthedayIlearnedabouthissadexperiences.Whentheboywas15yearsold,hismotherbecamecriticallyill.Hisfather,whotookcareoftheboy’smother,couldnotgoouttowork,andthepoorboyhadtodropoutofschoolbecauseofbeingunabletoaffordhisschooltuition.Beingtooyoung,hefailedtofindajob.hehadtobegnearhishometohelphisparents.Amonthlater,Ipaidhim$2000,thelookonhisfacewaswellworthit.Myaimlessactofkindnessseemedtoputspark(活力)backinhiseyes.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。\nAfterthatIcontinuedtoofferhimsomeworkandpayhim._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tearsofjoyfloodedtheboy’seyes.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AfterthatIcontinuedtoofferhimsomeworkandpayhim.Theboystillworkedveryhard.Eventhoughhewasassignedaverydifficultjob,hewouldnotcomplainatall.Gradually,theboybecamemoreactive.Onemorning,theboywalkeduptomeveryhappily,tellingmethathismotherwasgettingbetterandhisfathercouldgoouttowork.Besides,heearnedenoughmoneytopayhistuition.Hecouldfinallygobacktoschool.Tearsofjoyfloodedtheboy’seyes.Sayingthanks,hethrewhimselfintomyarmsandgavemeabighug.Hesincerelysaidthatwithoutmyhelp,hewouldnothavetheopportunitytostudyinschoolagain.Hepromisedtostudyhardinthefuture.Ifhehadtheopportunity,hewouldhelppeopleinneedlikeme.Iknewthatalittlekindnesswouldalsohaveagreatimpact.