长沙市南雅中学2022-2023学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题（满分100分，时量75分钟）第一部分阅读理解（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASpringisjustaroundthecorner,butifyouaretiredofsunflowers,tulips(郁金香)andotherstandardgardens,whynotheadtooneofthesemysteriousandwonderfulbotanicalgardens？ButchartGardens,BritishColumbia,CanadaOneoftherarestflowersyou’llfindatButchartGardensistheMeconopsis,otherwiseknownastheTibetanbluepoppy.Themostimpressiveflowerscanbefoundintheborders,whereyou’llfindoveronemillionbeddingplants.Andalthoughthegardensarefamousfortheirperennials(多年生植物),300,000spring-floweringplantsaregrowneveryyear,andover900varietiesofplantsaregrownforthesummergardensalone.KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,CapeTown,SouthAfricaKirstenboschNationalBotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynativeplants.Someofthemostpopularvarietiesincludethekingprotea,whichproducesenormousflowersbetweenautumnandsummer,andtheraresilvertree,asilky-leavedplant,whichexpertsbelievecouldbecomeextinctinthenext50years.DenverBotanicGardens,Colorado,USOncenativetoSouthAfrica,theseoddly-namedflowersarefamouslydrought-hardy,makingthemperfectforthispartofNorthAmerica.Thisgardenisoneofthefewtofocusondraught-tolerantplantsfromColoradoandthegrasslandsofAfrica,MongoliaandArgentina.Infact,Coloradoishometoninespeciesofendangeredplant,andseveralcanbefoundhere.Arctic-AlpineBotanicGardenTromso,NorwayVisittheworld’snorthernmostbotanicalgardenandyou’llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfromtheworld’spolarandmountainousregionsincluding,intheHimalayasection,theraregiantTibetanbluepoppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-highstem.You’llalsoseetheWilander\nbuttercup,whichcanonlybefoundinthequiteterribleareasofSvalbard’sunforgivingicyislands.1.Whichbotanicalgardenonlyplantslocalspecies?A.Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden.B.DenverBotanicGardens.C.ButchartGardens.D.KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden.2.WhichistypicaloftheTibetanbluepoppy?A.Rareandhot-tolerant.B.Smellyandill-looking.C.Largeandtall.D.Endangeredandcolorful.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzethefeaturesofplants.B.Tomakeanadvertisement.C.Toprotecttheendangeredplants.D.Tointroducesomefantasticgardens.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各国几处神秘而美妙的植物园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,CapeTown,SouthAfrica中的“KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynativeplants.(康斯坦博西国家植物园是少数几个只种植本土植物的植物园之一。)”可知，康斯坦博西国家植物园只种植本地物种。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden,Tromso,Norway中的“Visittheworld’snorthernmostbotanicalgardenandyou’llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfromtheworld’spolarandmountainousregionsincluding,intheHimalayasection,theraregiantTibetanbluepoppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-highstem.(参观世界上最北的植物园，你会发现来自世界极地和山区的令人惊叹的植物收藏，包括在喜马拉雅地区，罕见的巨大的西藏蓝色罂粟，它有着巨大的花朵和一米高的茎干。)”可知，西藏蓝罂粟又大又高。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Springisjustaroundthecorner,butifyouaretiredofsunflowers,tulips(郁金香)andotherstandardgardens,whynotheadtooneofthesemysteriousandwonderfulbotanicalgardens？(春天就要来了，但如果你厌倦了向日葵、郁金香和其他标准的花园，为什\n么不去这些神秘而美妙的植物园呢?)”可推断，文章的目的是介绍一些奇妙的植物园。故选D。BIamastrongbelieverthatifachildisraisedwithapproval,helearnstolovehimselfandwillbesuccessfulinhisownway.Severalweeksago,Iwasdoinghomeworkwithmysoninthethirdgradeandhekeptstandingupfromhischair.Ikeptaskinghimtositdown,tellinghimthathewouldconcentratebetter.Hesatbutsecondslater,asifhedidn’tevennoticehewasdoingit,hegotupagain.Iwasgettingangry,butthenithitme:Istartednoticinghisanswersweremuchquickerandrightwhenhestoodup.Couldheconcentratebetterwhilestandingup?ThismademestartquestioningmyselfandwhatIhadbeenraisedtobelieve.Igrewuptobelievethataquietchildwasmorelikelytosucceed.Thischildwouldhavetheabilitytostudyhard,getgoodgradesandbecomesomeoneimportantinlife.Kidsthatwereactiveandloudwouldonlybelosers.NowpeopleperhapscometorealizethattheirkidsarebornwiththeirownsetsofDNA,andalltheycandoislovingandacceptingthem.Asparents,throughouttheirgrowingyearsandbeyondthat,weneedtoguidethemandhelpthemfindtheirway.Ihavestoppedaskingmysontositdownandconcentrate.Clearly,heisconcentrating,justinhisownwayandnotmine.Weneedtoacceptourkids,andtheirwaysofdoingthings.Thereisnothingsweeterthanseeingourchildrenbeingthemselves.Itmakesushappyandthat’sjustthewayIwantmykidstoliveahappylife.4.Theauthortriedtokeephissonseatedsothat________.A.hecouldn’tdisturbtheauthorB.hecouldkeepsilentintheroomC.hecouldfinishhishomeworkontimeD.hecouldpaymoreattentiontohisstudy5.Encouragedbytheexampleofhissontheauthorbegantodoubt________.A.theimportanceofparentsB.theoldeducationconceptsC.thegoodgradesofsomekids\nD.thelovebetweenkidsandtheirparents6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofteachingchildren?A.Encouragementisimportant.B.Childrenshouldn’tbepunished.C.Childrencan’tbetaughtinthesameway.D.Childrenshouldbetaughttobehavethemselves.7.Intheopinionoftheauthor,childrenshould________.A.havenofreedomB.havetheirownstyleC.learnfromtheirfriendsD.befriendlytotheirparents【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述儿子与自己在学习方式上的不同的故事，告诉我们不同的人有不同的学习方式，要因材施教。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Ikeptaskinghimtositdown,tellinghimthathewouldconcentrate(集中注意力)better.”(我不断地要求儿子坐下来，告诉他，他将会更集中注意力于学习)”可知，作者不断要求儿子坐下来学习，是为了让他儿子能够更加集中注意力学习。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“butthenithitme:Istartednoticinghisanswersweremuchquickerandrightwhenhestoodup.”(但是为我突然想到，当儿子站着的时候，他的答案更准确，更快。)可知，作者对比儿子的表现之后，发现儿子现在的学习效果更好，因此开始怀疑自己之前的想法，再根据第三段前两句“ThismademestartquestioningmyselfandwhatIhadbeenraisedtobelieve.”(这让我开始质疑自己，以及我从小被教育要相信的东西。)可知，作者质疑自己认为安静的孩子更可能成功的想法。这些都说明作者怀疑之前的教育方法是否正确。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段二、三句“Clearly,heisconcentrating,justinhisownwayandnotmine.Weneedtoacceptourkids,andtheirwaysofdoingthings.”(显然，他很专注，只是以他自己的方式，而不是我的方式。我们需要接受我们的孩子，以及他们做事的方式。)\n可知，作者认为每个孩子都有自己不同的特点，我们要接受他们，并且因材施教，不能使用同样的方法来教育不同的孩子。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段二、三句“Clearly,heisconcentrating,justinhisownwayandnotmine.Weneedtoacceptourkids,andtheirwaysofdoingthings.”(显然，他很专注，只是以他自己的方式，而不是我的方式。我们需要接受我们的孩子，以及他们做事的方式。)可知，每个孩子都有自己的特点和风格。故选B。CRichardisaveryasuccessfulbusinessman.Itiscommonforhimtoworkhardwithanon-stop.Hewasn’tawarethathemightwearhimselfoutordieanearlydeathuntilheoversleptonemorning,whichwasasortofalarm.Andthenwhathappened?Hehadaweek’sleaveduringwhichtimehereadnovels,listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhiswifeonabeach,whichhasenabledRichardtoreturntoworkagain.Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Amazingly,withinthisworldthereisauniversalbutsillysaying:“Iamsobusy.”Wesaythistooneanotherasifourtirelessefforts,wereatalentbynatureandanabilitytosuccessfullydealwithstress.Thebusierweare,themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax—thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullife.Becausewedonotrest,weloseourway.Wemisstheguidetellinguswheretogo,thefoodprovidinguswithstrength,thequietgivinguswisdom.Howhaveweallowedthistohappen?Ibelieveitisthis:wehaveforgottentheSabbath,thedayoftheweek—forfollowersofsomereligions—forrestandpraying.Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedtowork,atimewhenwedevoteourselvestoenjoyingandcelebratingwhatisbeautiful.Itisagoodtimetoblessourchildrenandlovedones,givethanks,sharemeals,walkandsleep.Itisatimeforustotakearest,toputourworkaside,trustingthattherearelargerforcesatworktakingcareoftheworld.Restisaspiritualandbiologicalneed;however,inourstrongambitiontobesuccessfulandcareforourmanyresponsibilities,wemayfeelterriblyguiltywhenwetaketimetorest.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontostopwork.Infact,“RemembertheSabbath”ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;it\nisaruletoobeyandaprincipletofollow.8.What’sthefunctionoftheparagraph1?A.TotellusthatRichardlivesahealthylifeB.TogiveusabriefintroductionofRichardC.Tobringupthetopicofthepassage.D.TotellRichardisasuccessfulbusinessman.9.The“alarm”inthefirstparagraphrefersto“_______”.A.asignalofstressB.awarningofdangerC.asignofageD.aspreadofdisease10.AccordingtothepassageduringtheSabbath,whatweshoulddoexcept_______.A.Enjoyingdeliciousmeal.B.Takingagoodbreak.C.Prayingforourfamily.D.Onlyworkingfortwohours.11Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Weshouldbalanceworkwithrest.B.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontorest.C.Itissillyforanyonetosay“Iambusy”.D.Weshouldbeavailabletoourfamilyandfriends.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。对于现代生活中，人们只工作不休息这一现象，作者分析了休息的意义，提出要学会劳逸结合。【8题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段讲述了一个成功的商人理查德不间断的工作，直到累到一天早晨没有按时醒来，才意识到问题的严重性，于是离开工作去休假；第二段“Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Amazingly,withinthisworldthereisauniversalbutsillysaying:‘Iamsobusy.’(在现代生活中，我们已经失去了行动和休息之间的节奏。令人惊讶的是，在这个世界上有一个普遍而愚蠢的说法：“我太忙了”)”立即提出了本文的主题：在现代生活中，人们只工作，不会休息。由此推知，第一段的作用是引出文章的话题。故选C。【9题详解】\n词句猜测题。上文“Itiscommonforhimtoworkhardwithanon-stop.Hewasn’tawarethathemightwearhimselfoutordieanearlydeathuntilheoversleptonemorning,(对他来说，不停地努力工作是很正常的。直到有一天早上睡过头，他才意识到自己可能会精疲力竭，或者英年早逝)”讲“早上睡过头”这件事让忙碌的理查德意识到可能存在的危险，下文“Hehadaweek’sleaveduringwhichtimehereadnovels,listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhiswifeonabeach,whichhasenabledRichardtoreturntoworkagain.(他休假了一周，期间他读小说，听音乐，和妻子在海滩上散步，这让理查德又可以回去工作了)”讲理查德马上作出调整，开始休假，由此推知，“早上睡过头”这件事对理查德而言是一个警告，划线词alarm是awarningofdanger的意思。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedtowork,atimewhenwedevoteourselvestoenjoyingandcelebratingwhatisbeautiful.Itisagoodtimetoblessourchildrenandlovedones,givethanks,sharemeals,walkandsleep.Itisatimeforustotakearest,toputourworkaside,trustingthattherearelargerforcesatworktakingcareoftheworld.(这是一个我们不应该工作的日子，一个我们致力于享受和庆祝美好事物的日子。这是一个祝福我们的孩子和所爱的人，表示感恩，分享食物，散步和睡觉的好时机。是我们休息的时候，把工作放在一边，相信有更大的力量在照顾这个世界)”可知，在休息日，我们应该为家人祈祷，好好休息，享受美食，不应该工作。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段中“Becausewedonotrest,weloseourway.Wemisstheguidetellinguswheretogo,thefoodprovidingiswithstrength,thequietgivinguswisdom.(因为我们不休息，我们就会迷失方向。我们想念导游告诉我们该去哪里，食物给我们力量，安静给我们智慧)”和最后一段中“Restissspiritualandbiologicalneed;(休息是精神和生理上的需要)”和“Infact,‘RemembertheSabbath’ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;itisaruletoobeyandaprincipletofollow.(事实上，‘记住安息日’不仅仅是允许你休息；它是要遵守的规则，是要遵循的原则)”可知，本文主要告诫我们要学会平衡工作和休息，劳逸结合。故选A。DResearchershavedevelopedawearabledevice(设备).Itisstretchy(有弹性的)enoughthatyoucanwearitlikearing,abraceletoranyotheraccessorythattouchesyourskin.Italsochangesthebody’stemperatureintoelectricity,about1voltofenergyforeverysquarecentimeterofskinspace—\nlessvoltageperareathanwhatmostexistingbatteriesprovidebutstillenoughtopowerelectronicslikewatchesorfitnesstrackers.Itcanhealitselfwhendamagedandisfullyrecyclable,makingitacleaneralternative(替代品)totraditionalelectronics.Theinnovation(创新)beginswithabasemadeoutofastretchymaterialcalledpolyamine.Thescientiststhenstickaseriesofthinheatingchipsintothatbase,connectingthemallwithliquidmetalwires.ThefinalproductlookslikeaCrossbetweenaplasticwatchandaminicomputermotherboardormaybeadiamondring.Justpretendthatyou’reoutforajog.Asyouexercise,yourbodyheatsup,andthatheatwillradiateouttothecoolairaroundyou.Thedevicecatchesthatflowofenergyinsteadoflettingitgotowaste.Apersontakingaquickwalkcoulduseadevicethesizeofatypicalsportswristbandtoproduceabout5voltsofelectricity,whichismorethanwhatmanywatchbatteriescanhold.Thenewdevicesareasstretchyasbiologicaltissue.Ifyourdevicetears,forexample,youcanputtogetherthebrokenends,andthey’llsealbackupinjustafewminutes.Researchersaretryingtomaketheirdevicesascheapandreliableaspossible,whilealsohavingasclosetozeroeffectontheenvironmentaspossible.Whiletherearestillproblemstoworkoutinthedesign,theythinkthatthedevicescouldappearonthemarketinafewyears.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthedevice?A.Itcanrepairitself.B.Itcanberecycled.C.Itcanevaluateitself.D.Itcantransformenergy.13.Howcanawearermakethedeviceproduceelectricity?A.Byshakingitfast.B.Byleavingitinthecoolair.C.Byconnectingitwithwatchbatteries.D.Bygivingoutheat.14.Whatdotheresearchersthinkaboutthedevices?A.Theywillhaveabrightfuture.B.Theywillbeexpensive.C.Theycannotbedamagedbyforce.D.Theyarecompletelyenvironment-friendly.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnInnovationinwearableDevicesB.AGreatExerciseCompanionC.ANewFunctionofTraditionalElectronics\nD.ABiologicalBatteryintheHumanBody【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文本主要介绍了一种全新的可穿戴设备，该设备具有柔软、可改变能量形式、能自我修复和绿色环保等近乎完美的特性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Italsochangesthebody’stemperatureintoelectricity(它还能将身体的温度转化为电能)”和“Itcanhealitselfwhendamagedandisfullyrecyclable(当它损坏时，它可以自我愈合，并且完全可回收利用)”可知，新发明的可穿戴设备可改变能量形式，可自我修复，还可以循环利用，但是文章没有提到自我评估。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Asyouexercise,yourbodyheatsup,andthatheatwillradiateouttothecoolairaroundyou.Thedevicecatchesthatflowofenergyinsteadoflettingitgotowaste.(当你运动时，你的身体会变热，这些热量会散发到你周围凉爽的空气中。该设备能捕捉能量流，而不是让它白白浪费)”可知，设备先收集佩戴者散发的热量，然后将其转化为电能，所以佩戴者通过散发热量来发电。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whiletherearestillproblemstoworkoutinthedesign,theythinkthatthedevicescouldappearonthemarketinafewyears.(虽然在设计上还有一些问题需要解决，但他们认为这些设备可能会在几年内上市)”可知，研发人员认为这些设备很快就能上市，由此推知他们对自己开发的设备很有信心，认为它们会有光明的前景。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文本主要介绍了一种全新的可穿戴设备，该设备具有柔软、可改变能量形式、能自我修复和绿色环保等近乎完美的特性。故A项“AnInnovationinwearableDevices(可穿戴设备的创新)”是最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howoftendoyouhaveaconversationwithsomeone,andthinkyouarepayingattentiontohimorher,onlytorealizeshortlyafterwardsthatyoucan'trememberwhathesaid?Or,perhapsyouget\ndistractedwhileheisspeakingandmissthemessagethatheistryingtodeliver.____16____:TVs,radios,trafficnoises,telephones,laptopsandsoon,whichcanmakeitdifficulttolistenwithourfullattention.Buthowcanwelistenmoreeffectively?____17____.Hesaid,“Mindfulnessmeanspayingattentioninaparticularway,withapurpose,atthepresentmomentandnon-judgmentally.”____18____?JonKabat-Zinndescribesthreekeyelementsofmindfullisteningthatwecanusetoimproveourlisteningskills.Firstofall,bepresent.Whenwelistenmindfully,ourfocusshouldbeonthepersonwearelisteningtowithoutdistractions.Thendevelopempathy(共鸣).Weoftenseetheworldthroughourownexperiences.Whenwe'reempathetic,wecanunderstandasituationfromsomeoneelse'spointofview.____19____.Ourcuesarethethoughts,feelingsandphysicalreactionsthatwehavewhenwefeelanxiousorangry,andtheycanblockoutideasandperspectivesthatwereuncomfortablewith.Mindfullisteningcanhelpustobemoreawareofourcues.____20____Inconclusion,theruleisstraightforward:simply“Listen”!Listencarefullyandattentively.Payfullattentiontotheotherperson,anddon'tletotherthoughts,likewhatwearegoingtosaynext,distractus.A.Finally,listentoourown“cues”B.WhatcanwedowithmindfullisteningC.ButhowcanweapplymindfullisteningtoourlifeD.Atlast,“cues”helpsusunderstandthespeaker'sideasE.Intoday'sbusyworld,modernlifeisfullofdistractionsF.Besides,itallowsustochoosenottoletthemblockcommunicationG.ProfessorJonKabat-Zinnputforwardtheideaofmindfullistening【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要说明了倾听他人时容易分心的原因，提出了提高倾听效率的方法——用心倾听，及培养用心倾听的三个核心要素。【16题详解】根据空格后的冒号及冒号后的内容“TVs,radios,trafficnoises,telephones,laptops…ourfullattention.（电视、收音机、交通噪音、电话、笔记本电脑等都会让我们难以全神贯注地听）\n”可知，空格后向我们解释了导致我们分心的因素有哪些，所以空格处是要说明现代生活充满让人们分心的事物。E选项中的“distractions”与后面句子中的“…difficulttolistenwithourfullattention（难以全神贯注地听）”进行呼应。故选E。【17题详解】根据空格后的人称代词“He”可以判断，空格处需要先引出这个人是谁。G选项指出了是ProfessorJonKabat–Zinn提出了用心倾听的理念。另外，本段主要是要给我们引出提高倾听效率的方法---用心倾听，根据段落中心词也可以判断G选项合适。故选G。18题详解】根据空格后的问号及下文内容“threekeyelements（三个关键因素）”可知，空格处的问题主要围绕如何将用心倾听运用到我们的生活中。选项C符合题意，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“threekeyelements…firstofall…then…（三个关键因素……首先……其次……）”及下文“Ourcuesarethethoughts,feelingsandphysicalreactions（我们的提示是思想、感觉和身体反应）”可知，空格处要介绍第三个因素且要引出cues这个词。此外，祈使句“Finally,listentoourown“cues””与上文“Firstofall,bepresent”、“Thendevelopempathy””句式对等。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Mindfullisteningcanhelpustobemoreawareofourcues（用心倾听可以帮助我们更好地意识到自己的暗示）”可知，此处介绍“Mindfullistening”的好处，紧接着写另一个好处“itallowsustochoosenottoletthemblockcommunication（它允许我们选择不让他们阻碍交流）”符合句意。且F选项中的代词“it”指代上文“mindfullistening”。故选F。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题。Youmayhaveseenabarista(咖啡师)pourmilkfoam(奶泡)intoacoffee,thenyoucanseeabeautifulpattern(图案).Buthaveyouseentheartinacupoftea?DianchaisateaartfromtheSongDynasty.Theartbeginswithpouringwateroverfinepowdered(粉状的)tea,creatingapaste(糊)andthenaddingmorehotwater,whisking(搅动)itbyhandwithabamboowhisk.ItisbelievedthattheartlaterspreadtootherpartsofEastAsia,includingJapan.In2019,itwaslistedasanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)ofRunzhoudistrictZhenjiangcity,Jiangsuprovince.\nTheShanghaidesignerHanZheminhasbeeninterestedindianchasincechildhood.“MymotherlovestraditionalcultureandIhavebeeninfluenced,”saidHan.AfterhegraduatedfromtheChinaAcademyofArtinZhejiangprovincein2006,Hantriedhisbesttoreviving(复兴)theartform.Hesaidduringtheprocessofdiancha,thefroth(泡沫)triedhisbesttopaperwhiletheteapasteislikeink.But“drawing”ontheteafoamisnoteasy.“Traditionalpaintingsisaboutthesoftbrushagainstthehardpaper,buttheteaisaboutthehardteaspoonandthesoftfroth.”Hansaid.Creatingpatternsontheteafoamiscarefulbutquickwork.Usually,thewholeprocesshastobecompletedwithin10minutes.Theidealstateiswhenthetea’stemperatureisaround40℃andreadyforthepalate(味觉).“Usually,ittakesayearofpracticeforonetobeabletodoit,”Hanadded.Tospreaddianchaculture,Hanputtheprocessofteawhiskinganddrawingonsocialmediaplatforms,includingXiaohongshu,BilibiliandDouyin,attractingmorethan20,000followers.WhentakingaboutteaartHansaidweshouldincreasethebeautyratherthanchangetheessence(本质)oftea.“Iwantmorepeopletounderstandtheprocessesandreasonsofteamaking,”heexplained.21.Whenwasdianchalistedasanintangibleculturalheritage?22.WhyhasHanZheminshowninterestindiancha?23.WhatisdifficultforHanZheminduringtheprocessofdiancha?24.WhydidHanZheminsharetheprocessofdianchaonsocialmediaplatforms?25.Howcanyouspreadteaart?【答案】21.In2019.22.Becausehismotherlovestraditionalcultureandhehasbeeninfluenced.23.“Drawing”ontheteafoam.24.Tospreaddianchaculture.25.Wecanlearnmoreaboutitandshareonsocialmediaplatforms.(开放性试题,无标准答案,言之有理即可。)【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上海设计师韩哲民对点茶艺术的热爱和为推广点茶艺术做出的努力。【21题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“In2019,itwaslistedasanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)ofRunzhoudistrictZhenjiangcity,Jiangsuprovince.(2019\n年被列为江苏省镇江市润州区非物质文化遗产)”可知，点茶于2019年被列为非物质文化遗产。故答案为：In2019.【22题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“TheShanghaidesignerHanZheminhasbeeninterestedindianchasincechildhood.‘MymotherlovestraditionalcultureandIhavebeeninfluenced,’saidHan.(上海设计师韩哲民从小就对点茶很感兴趣。他说：“我妈妈喜欢传统文化，我也受到了影响。”)”可知，韩哲民对点茶感兴趣的原因是受到他母亲喜欢传统文化的影响。故答案为：Becausehismotherlovestraditionalcultureandhehasbeeninfluenced.【23题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中“But‘drawing’ontheteafoamisnoteasy.(但在茶叶泡沫上‘作画’并不容易)”可知，韩哲民在点茶过程中，比较困难的是在茶叶泡沫上“作画”。故答案为：“Drawing”ontheteafoam.【24题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Tospreaddianchaculture,Hanputtheprocessofteawhiskinganddrawingonsocialmediaplatforms,includingXiaohongshu,BilibiliandDouyin,attractingmorethan20,000followers.(为了传播点茶文化，韩将泡茶和泡茶的过程放在了小红书、哔哩哔哩和抖音等社交媒体平台上，吸引了2万多粉丝)”可知，韩哲民在社交媒体平台上分享点茶的过程是为了传播点茶文化。故答案为：Tospreaddianchaculture.【25题详解】本题属于开放性问题，言之成理皆可。我们可以更多地了解它，并在社交媒体平台上分享，故答案为：Wecanlearnmoreaboutitandshareonsocialmediaplatforms.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasadarknight.Thick,dark,graycloudshadmadesurethattherewasnostarlightormoonlightto____26____measIwalkedoutofmyporch(门厅).Still,IkepttheporchlightoffbecauseIdidn’twanttobe____27____bybugsandmoths(飞蛾)onthissticky____28____evening.Istoodthereforawhilelettingmyeyesadjusttothelackof____29____.Itwasthen,though,thatIsawthem.Firstoneblinkoflightatthefarendofthe____30____followedbyanotherandthenanother.I____31____.Irecognizedthematonceasmyfirefly(萤火虫\n)friends,mylightningbugbuddieswhoalways____32____thistimeoftheyear.WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthem____33____flyaroundblinkingonandoff.Inever____34____andputoneinajarassomekidsdidbecauseIneverwantedtohurtthesemessengersoflight.Theirtimeonthisearthwasso____35____asitwas.Itriedtoenjoythemeachnighttheywerehere.Italways____36____mewhentheydisappearedinthefallanditalwaysmademyheartsingwhenthey____37____thenextsummer.Weareliketheminalotofways.Our____38____hereonearthisbrief.Oftenourlightofloveismorelikeonandoffblinksratherthana____39____shine.Still,wedoourbesttoshareitandtake____40____inknowingthatotherswillbeshiningtheirlightlongafterwearegone.26.A.showB.greetC.pleaseD.impact27.A.troubledB.injuredC.shinedD.tracked28.A.springB.summerC.fallD.winter29.A.heatB.waterC.lightD.air30.A.porchB.roomC.grasslandD.forest31.A.weptB.criedC.smiledD.sighed32.A.turnedoutB.gaveinC.settleddownD.showedup33.A.frequentlyB.cautiouslyC.nervouslyD.slowly34.A.sawB.hitC.caughtD.got35.A.hardB.terribleC.usefulD.brief36.A.depressedB.surprisedC.confusedD.excited37.A.reducedB.reappearedC.returnedD.reacted38.A.hopeB.memoryC.mindD.life39.A.steadyB.faintC.brightD.clear40.A.delightB.comfortC.actionD.interest【答案】26.B27.A28.B29.C30.C31.C32.D33.D34.C35.D36.A37.B38.D39.A40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。【26题详解】\n考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走出门廊时，厚厚的乌云证实没有星光或月光迎接我。A.show展示；B.greet迎接，问候；C.please取悦；D.impact影响。根据前面的“therewasnostarlightormoonlightto”和后面的“measIwalkedoutonmyporch”可知，作者走出来的时候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A.troubled困扰；B.injured伤害；C.shined闪耀；D.tracked追踪。根据上文的“Ikepttheporchlightoff”和后面的“bugsandmoths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关掉了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个湿热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾骚扰。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.fall秋天；D.winter冬天。结合后面的“summerevening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那儿站了一会儿，让眼睛适应光线的缺乏。A.heat高温；B.water水；C.light光线；D.air空气。根据上文的“therewasnostarlightormoonlight”和“Ikepttheporchlightoff”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先是草原尽头的一闪一闪，接着是另一闪一闪。A.porch门廊；B.room房间；C.grassland草原；D.forest森林。根据后文“WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthem”可知，作者小时候常常坐在草地上，看着萤火虫，说明萤火虫出现在草原尽头。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我微笑了。A.wept哭泣；B.cried哭泣；C.smiled微笑；D.sighed叹息。据下文的“Irecognizedthematonceasmyfireflyfriends”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，它们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A.turnedout结果是；B.gavein屈服；C.settleddown定居；D.\nshowedup露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我常常坐在草地上，看着它们忽明忽暗慢慢地飞来飞去。A.fearfully可怕地；B.cautiously谨慎地；C.nervously紧张地；D.slowly缓慢地。根据常识和下文“putoneinajarassomekidsdid”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们并放进罐子里，因为我从来不想伤害这些光的使者。A.saw看见；B.hit打击；C.caught抓住；D.got得到。根据后面的“putoneinajarassomekidsdid”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们在世上的时间是如此短暂。A.hard努力的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.useful有用的；D.brief短暂的。由下文“theydisappearedinthefall”和“theyreappearedthenextsummer”可知，夏天出现的萤火虫，秋天消失，所以萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A.depressed使沮丧；B.surprised惊讶；C.confused使困惑；D.excited使激动。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是感到沮丧；当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A.reduced产生；B.reappeared再次出现；C.returned返回；D.reacted反应。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“whentheyreappearedthenextsummer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在地球上的生命是短暂的。A.hope希望；B.memory记忆；C.mind思维；D.life生活，生命。根据前面的“Weareliketheminalotofways.”和后面的“hereonearthisbrief”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选D。【39题详解】\n考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们的爱之光更像是忽明忽暗闪烁的光，而不是稳定的光芒。A.steady稳定的；B.faint头晕的；C.bright明亮的；D.clear清楚的。与前面“onandoffblinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我们还是尽我们最大的努力去分享它，因为我们知道在我们死后，其他人仍将闪耀着他们的光芒，这让我们感到安慰。A.delight高兴；B.comfort安慰；C.action行动；D.interest兴趣。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。takecomfortin“感到宽慰”。故选B。第二节语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ShadowtheaterisauniqueartforminChina.Thankstothebasicprincipleoflightandshadowprojected(投影)ontoascreen,performersusepuppets(玩偶)____41____(make)fromanimalskinstotellstoriesinaformofopera.Twothousandyearsago,thesadnessofEmperorWuoftheWesternHanDynastyoverthedeathofhisfavoriteloverwas____42____(full)relievedbytheprojectionofherfigurethroughagameoflights.Thisstarted____43____isnowknowninChinaastheearliestformofshadowplay.Amongallthecountry’sbranches,Beijingshadowtheaterstandsout____44____itstechniquesanditsspecifictunes.It____45____(experience)alongperiodofformationandnowfeaturesuniqueperformancemethods.Itsvocal(声乐的)toneandactualpuppetsdraw____46____(inspire)fromKunquOperaandPekingOpera.Inthepast,theshadowtheater____47____(perform)inthefields,withallperformershiddenbehindthescenes;somecontrolledthepuppetsandsang,whileothersmanagedthemusic.Aperforminggroupwouldconsistofsixorsevenpeopleandaboxofpuppets.Whenpeopleputon____48____playatamarket,alightboxandacurtainwouldbeenough____49____(start)theshow.Requiringonlyafewthings,thetheaterwascharacterizedbyitsmobility,often_____50_____(appear)atweddings,dinnerpartiesandChineseNewYearcelebrations.【答案】41.made42.fully43.what44.for45.hasexperienced\n46.inspiration47.wasperformed48.a49.tostart50.appearing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国皮影戏的历史以及演出特点。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于光影投射到屏幕上的基本原理，表演者用动物皮制成的木偶以一种歌剧的形式讲故事。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语puppets构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填made。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：两千年前，西汉武帝因心爱的情人去世而悲伤，通过一场灯光游戏投射出她的身影，从而完全缓解了这种悲伤。修饰动词relieve应用副词fully，作状语。故填fully。【43题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这就是现在中国所知的最早的皮影戏形式。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物故用what。故填what。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：在全国所有的分支中，北京皮影戏以其技术和特定的曲调而闻名。结合句意表示“以……而闻名”短语为standoutfor。故填for。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：它的形成经历了很长一段时间，现在具有独特的性能方法。根据后文“alongperiodofformation”可知应用现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填hasexperienced。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：它的唱腔和木偶的实际灵感来自昆曲和京剧。作宾语，表示“灵感”应用名词inspiration。故填inspiration。【47题详解】考查时态语态。句意：过去，皮影戏是在田野里表演的，所有的表演者都躲在幕后；一些人控制木偶并唱歌，而另一些人则负责音乐。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文Inthepast可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasperformed。【48题详解】\n考查冠词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足以开始演出了。play为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们在市场上演出时，一个灯箱和一个幕布就足以开始演出了。结合句意表示“足以做某事”短语为beenoughtodosth.。故填tostart。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：剧院只需要几样东西，它的特点是流动性，经常出现在婚礼、晚宴和中国新年的庆祝活动中。分析句子结构可知appear在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语thetheater构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填appearing。第三部分应用文写作（满分20分）51.假定你是李华，一名高一在校生。你校将要举办新生英语夏令营活动，请你作为学生代表发言。内容包括：1.祝贺他们升入高中；2.分享你过去一年的学习经验；3.提出你的假期安排建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.发言稿的开头及首句已为你写好。Dearschoolmates,Goodmorning,everyone.I’mLiHua,astudentfromClass5,Grade1.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearschoolmatesGoodmorning,everyone.I’mLiHua,astudentfromClass5,Grade1.Congratulations,everyone!Fromtodayon,allofyouwillbepartofourschool,andstartanewjourneyinyourlife.I\nfeelhonoredtohavethechancetosharesomehighschoollifeexperienceswithyou.Inthepastyear,Ihaveexperiencedtheexcitementofbecomingahighschoolstudentlikeyou,butstudyinginthebeginningwasnotaseasyasexpected.Now,Iwanttotellyoutheonlywaytoearnrespectfromothersistoworkhardandachievehighgrades.Asforthesummervacation,Isuggestallofyoumakefulluseofittobewellpreparedforthehighschoollife.Firstofall,takeexerciseforatleastanhourdaily,sincegoodhealthisthebasicofourstudyandwork.What’smore,developagoodhabitofstudy.Finally,doingsomehouseworkisofequalimportance.Thankyouforyourlisteningandmayyouhaveagoodtimeinthecomingyear.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的发言稿。要求考生作为学生代表发言祝贺高一新生升入高中，同时分享过去一年的学习经验以及对他们的假期安排建议。【详解】1.词汇积累兴奋：excitement→thrill首先：firstofall→initially此外：what’smore→besides/inaddition最后：finally→lastly/lastbutnotleast2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Fromtodayon,allofyouwillbepartofourschool,andstartanewjourneyinyourlife.拓展句：Fromtodayon,allofyouwillbepartofourschool,whowillstartanewjourneyinyourlife.【点睛】【高分句型1】Now,Iwanttotellyoutheonlywaytoearnrespectfromothersistoworkhardandachievehighgrades.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）【高分句型2】Firstofall,takeexerciseforatleastanhourdaily,sincegoodhealthisthebasicofourstudyandwork.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句）