高一英语阅读理解专讲专练含答案及解析九整体理解我们常遇到这样的情况：句子都能看懂，但读完文章印象却不深。这就牵涉到对文章的整体理解。首先，我们要重视文章的题目和首句。文章的题目是文章的主题，文章的内容就是围绕这一主题展开的；而首句是文章的导入，点明作者写作意图或写作背景。文章的每个段落的首句和尾句也是整体理解的关键，首句是开篇明义，而尾句常常是画龙点睛。因此，我们在阅读时要养成这样一个习惯：见了文章的题目，要停顿一下，想一想这篇文章大概写的什么。阅读时，要特别注意每段的第一句与最后一句，并用心记住。读完全文后要将全文的主要内容快速回忆一下，这样既把握了文章的主要内容和框架结构，又学会了作者的逻辑推理的方法，从而更好地理解这篇文章。PassageA阅读理解OnOctober12,1989,someBritishscientistswereworkingatthecomputerstolookfortheinformationtheyneeded.Suddenlytheysawalotofverybrightpointscrossingthecomputersscreens.Atthesametimethecomputerswereworkingmuchslower.Tofindoutwhatwashappeningtheystoppedtheirworktochecksomepartsofthecomputers.Totheirhorror(恐怖),theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses(病毒)!Clearlyallthesecomputershadbeeninfected(感染)bycomputerviruses.Itissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebyagroupofyoungmenfondofplayingtricks.①Theyallhadexcellenteducation.Theycreatedthevirusesjusttoshowtheirintelligence(才能).ThesekindsofcomputervirusesarenamedJerusalemViruses.Thesevirusescanstayincomputersforalongtime.Whenthetimecomestheywillattack(袭击)thecomputersbyloweringthefunctions(功能),damagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofalltheinformation.②WenowcometoknowthatJerusalemVirusesoftenattackcomputersonFridayandthattheyarespreading(传播)toalotofcomputers.AmongthecountriesthatwereattackedbycomputerviruseslastyearareBritain,Australia,SwitzerlandandtheU.S.Buttillnow,howtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：11/111.Whenthevirusesattackthecomputers,thecomputerswillwork____.A.normallyB.slowlyC.fasterD.well2.Thegroupofyoungmencreatedthevirusesto____.A.damagethecomputersB.testtheirabilityC.tellpeoplethattheywereintelligentD.playatrickonusersofthecomputers3.Accordingtothepassage,computervirusesseemto____.A.havebeeninnatureforyearsB.stayinanycomputersC.bedifficulttogetridofatpresentD.beabletobegotridofinthenearfuture4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Lastyearfourcountriesfoundtheircomputerwereinfectedbyviruses.B.Theviruseswillcometoanewcomputerafterstayingintheoldoneforsometime.C.Scientistsaretryingtofindawaytogetridoftheviruses.D.TheJerusalemVirusesaredangeroustohumanhealth.难句注释①Itissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebyagroupofyoungmenfondofplayingtricks.据说计算机病毒是由一群喜欢搞恶作剧的年轻人制造出来的。Totalwords:239Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____11/11②Whenthetimecomestheywillattackthecomputersbyloweringthefunctions,damagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofalltheinformation.当时机到来时，它们就会通过减弱计算机的功能、破坏它们的程序甚至删除所有的信息来攻击计算机。PassageB阅读理解MrJacksonlivedinthecentreofLondonbuthehadahotelneartheairport.Therealotofforeignersstayedfornight.Hedidn'tknowanyotherlanguagebutEnglishandhefounditdifficultforhimtounderstandtheforeignvisitors.①Sometimeshehadtousethebodylanguageto“talk”withthem,andtriedhisbesttomakehimselfunderstood.Buthewasoftenmisunderstood(误解)anditbroughthimalotoftrouble.Afriendofhiswholearnedafewforeignlanguagesinauniversitywouldteachhim.Hewashappyandstudiedhard.Atfirsthelearnedsome,butsoonhefounditwasn'teasytorememberthewordsandexpressions.Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheusefulexpressionsinhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.②Hedidashewastold.Hefoundithelpfulforhimtodoso.Oneeveningtherewereplentyofpeopleinthediningroom.TheywereallbusyeatingsomethingexceptaJapanese.Hewaswalkingaroundthereandwaitingforhiswifewhowasdressingherselfupupstairs.MrJacksonthoughttohimself,“ThemanwantstoeatsomethingbuthedoesntknowanyEnglish.Letmehelphim.”AsheknewonlyalittleJapanese,hehadtobringouthisnotebookandshowedittotheman,pointingtothesentence“Imhungry”.TheJapanesehadalookatitandgavehimtwopoundsandleft.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.MrJacksonknewonlyEnglishbecause____.A.hewasanEnglishstudentB.hehadneverbeenabroadC.hecouldn'tlearnbyhimselfD.hehadn'tstudiedanyforeignlanguages2.Asnotallforeignersunderstoodhisgestures,sometimesMrJackson____tocommunicatewiththem.11/11A.succeededB.fearedC.failedD.gaveup3.TheJapanesethought____,sohegavehimtwopounds.A.MrJacksonwasabeggar(乞丐)B.MrJacksonwasatranslatorC.MrJacksoncouldhelphimD.MrJacksoncouldringhiswifeup难句注释①Hedidn'tknowanyotherlanguagebutEnglishandhefounditdifficultforhimtounderstandtheforeignvisitors.他除了英语其他什么语言都不懂，而且他发现自己很难听懂外国游客说些什么。Totalwords:250Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____②Hisfriendadvisedhimtowritedowntheusefulexpressionsinhisnotebooksothathecouldusethemwhennecessary.他的朋友建议他把有用的表达方式记在笔记本上，以便在必要的时候可以运用。PassageC阅读理解Comeraistheonlyplaceintheworldwhichhasawhistle(口哨)language.①Wedonotknowhowandwhyitbeganbecausewedonotknowthecompletehistoryoftheisland.Butwecancertainlyimaginethereasonsforthebeginningofthewhistlelanguage.Therearemanydeepvalleys(峡谷)ontheisland.Apersonononesideofavalleycannoteasilyshouttoapersonontheotherside.Buthecanwhistleandbeheard.Someofthebestwhistlerscanbeheardfromfourmilesawayandtherecordissevenmiles.Thepeoplewholiveontheislandusuallyhavegoodteeth,andthishelpsthemtowhistlewell.Theymustalsohavegoodearssothattheycanhearotherwhistlers.11/11Wecanunderstandwhythewhistlelanguagecontinues.Itisveryusefulontheisland,andquiteeasytolearn.Whensomebodyishurtorill,thewhistlelanguagetakestheplaceoftelephone.Ifthesickpersonisquitefarawayfromthetown,peoplepassthemessagefromonetoanother.Aboyguardingcattle(放牛)onahillsidewhistlestoamanfishingfromhisboat.Thelastoneisabletodescribethetroublefullyandexactlytothedoctorintown.Peoplehelponeanotherinthesamewaywhenacarbreaksoracowislost.Thewhistlelanguageishundredsofyearsold,andprobablyitwillcontinuetoliveonforhundredsofyearsmore.RadioandTVoftenkillthespecialwaysofspeakinginthedifferentpartsofacountry.②ButonComerayouarenobodyifyoucannotwhistle.PerhapssoonafterTVarrivesontheisland,thepeopletherewillbewhistlingthenewsandotherfactsandopinions.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.IfapersononComeraislandisill,____.A.otherswillphonethedoctorsintownB.thewhistlelanguagewillhelppassthemessagetothedoctorC.hisfamilywilltakehimtothehospitalD.peoplewilltakehimtotownbycarriage2.FromthispassageweknowradioandTV____atthattime.A.killedthespecialwayofspeakingB.whistledallthenewsandopinionsC.helpedComerapeopletocommunicateD.didnotappearonComeraislandyet3.Comeraislandisspecialinthat____.A.manyvisitorsgothereeveryyearB.novisitorshaveeverbeenthereC.peopletherehavespecialearstohearwhistlesD.peoplethereusethewhistlelanguagetocommunicatewitheachother11/114.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ItisnoteasyforapersontoliveonComeraislandifhecannotwhistle.B.ThewhistlelanguagecanonlybefoundinComera.C.Thewhistlelanguagehasbeenusedforhundredsofyearsontheisland,butwillnotbeusedanylonger.D.Therecordshowsthatonebestwhistlercanbeheardbyotherssevenmilesaway.难句注释①Comeraistheonlyplaceintheworldwhichhasawhistlelanguage.Comera是世界上惟一使用口哨语言的地方。Totalwords:313Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____②RadioandTVoftenkillthespecialwaysofspeakinginthedifferentpartsofacountry.收音机和电视机的使用常常会使一个国家的不同地区的特殊讲话方式彻底消失。PassageD完形填空Awelldressedmanenteredafamousjewelry(珠宝)shoponeday.He1tobuyapearl(珍珠)forhiswifesbirthday.The2didn'tmatter,sincebusinesshadbeengoodforhimthatyear.①After3anumberofbeautifulandexpensivepearls,hechose4blackone.Itwould55,000dollars.Hepaid,tooktheblackpearl,shookhandswiththesalesmanandleft.Afewdayslater,theman6andsaidthathiswifelikedthepearlsomuchthatshewantedanotheronejustlikethis.It7beexactlythesamesizeandquality(质量),8shewantedtohavea9ofearrings.11/11Thesalesmanseemed10.Thenthemansuggestedthatthesalesmanadvertise(登广告)inthenewspaperto11S｜25,000forsuchapearl.②Sothesalesmandid.Manypeople12theadvertisement(广告),butnobody13apearlwhichwasjusttherightsizeandquality.Justwhenthejewelerhadgivenup,alittleoldladycameintohis14.Shetookoutonesuchblackpearl15herpurse.“Idon'tliketo16withthepearl,”shesaidsadly.“Itwasgiventomebymymother,whohadreceiveditfromher17mother.ButIreallyneedthe18.”Thesalesmanwasverygladandquicklypaidherforthepearl.Thenhecalledthe19totellhimthegoodnews.However,themancouldneverbe20.Cleverreaders,canyouguesswhy?根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.A.reportedB.saidC.wishedD.knew2.A.colorB.designC.priceD.size3.A.examiningB.checkingC.testingD.watching4.A.abigB.agoodC.anexpensiveD.anunusual5.A.costB.payC.worthD.buy6.A.arrivedB.cameC.returnedD.stopped7.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.hadto8.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.when9.A.boxB.lotC.numberD.pair10.A.joblessB.homelessC.helplessD.careless11.A.askB.giveC.offerD.pay12.A.answeredB.likedC.readD.saw13.A.boughtB.hadC.soldD.wanted11/1114.A.roomB.houseC.officeD.shop15.A.fromB.ofC.offD.with16.A.dealB.goC.partD.talk17.A.dearB.poorC.oldD.own18.A.priceB.moneyC.poundD.interest19.A.oldladysofficeB.richmanshotelC.hisneighborshouseD.televisionstation20.A.foundB.boughtC.paidD.heard难句注释①Thepricedidntmatter,sincebusinesshadbeengoodforhimthatyear.因为那年他生意做得很好，所以价格对他来说不成问题。②ThenthemansuggestedthatthesalesmanadvertiseinthenewspapertoofferS｜25,000forsuchapearl.然后那个人建议珠宝商在报纸上登一则广告，说提供25000美元买这样的一颗珍珠。PassageA从一九八三年计算机病毒首次被确认以来，至今全世界已发现近数万种病毒。本文介绍了一种被称为JerusalemViruses的计算机病毒的产生背景、发作时间及其后果。1.B.感染病毒的计算机速度减慢。2.C.由“justtoshowtheirintelligence”推知。3.C.本文最后一句暗示，现在人们还未找到消除计算机病毒的好办法。4.C.科学家们正在想办法消除病毒。PassageB本文讲述了MrJackson学习使用外语的幽默故事。11/111.D.从“HedidntknowanyotherlanguagebutEnglish.”可以看出他没学过外语。2.C.根据“hewasoftenmisunderstood”可知，MrJackson有时不能正确地和外国朋友交谈。failtodo意为“不能做某事”。3.A.根据文章的最后一句话可猜出这位日本人的想法。PassageC本文讲述了Comera岛是全世界惟一一个运用口哨语言的地方，这种传统已有几百年并且还将继续流传下去。1.B.由第二段可知，如果在哪个地方有人受伤或生病的话，人们会用口哨语言通知医生。2.D.由本文最后一句可知，这个地方还没有收音机或电视机。3.D.Comeraisland之所以特殊是因为当地的人用口哨语言来互相交流。4.C.根据第三段第一句话可知C选项与作者观点相悖。PassageD本文讲述了一个人精心策划骗局来骗钱的故事。1.C.他想给妻子买生日礼物。2.C.价格对他来说不成问题。3.A.这里examine是“仔细看”的意思。4.D.根据下文可知，这粒黑珍珠是与众不同的，很难找到一样的另外一粒。C选项“贵的”不一定与众不同，也许很容易再找到一样的一粒。5.A.用cost或beworth来表示价格。6.C.动词return此处为“又回到该店”。7.D.此处应选hadto，因为两个耳环必须得一样。8.A.这里用as引导一个原因状语从句。9.D.apairofearrings意为“一副耳环”。11/1110.C.helpless意为“无能为力”，因为从上下文中得知，珍珠不同寻常，很难寻到一样的。11.C.offer意为“报价；提供”。12.A.answer此处意为“应(广告)”。13.B.没人有与这一样的珍珠。14.D.根据文章第一句中的“jewelryshop”可得答案。15.A.从钱包中取出一粒。16.C.partwith意为“与……分离”。17.D.两代相传下来。18.B.卖珍珠当然是为了钱。19.B.只有hotel和这个richman有关。20.A.原来是一场骗局。1.Totheirhorror,theyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses!使他们惊恐的是，他们发现大部分储存的信息都被计算机病毒清除了。(Line6,PassageA)toone'shorror使某人感到恐怖的是。类似的短语还有：toone'sjoy使某人高兴的是toone'ssurprise使某人惊讶的是toone'ssadness使某人悲哀的是toone'sdelight使某人高兴的是Tomysurprise,shewasthemotheroftwochildren.令我惊讶的是，她是两个孩子的妈妈。Toherparentsjoy,shewonthefirstprizeforhercomposition.使她父母高兴的是，她的作文得了一等奖。2.Sometimeshehadtousethebodylanguageto“talk”withthem,andtriedhisbesttomakehimselfunderstood.有时他不得不使用肢体语言来和他们交谈，想方设法把自已的意思讲明白。(Line3,PassageB)11/11makehimselfunderstood让人明白。使役动词make后接动词ed形式做宾语补足语表示被动意义。类似的结构还有makeoneselfheard，makeoneselfseen等。如：Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.他提高声音以便别人能听见。Marystoodonherchairtomakeherselfseen.玛丽站在椅子上以让别人能看见她。11/11