高一英语阅读理解专讲专练含答案及解析六扩大视幅：扩大视幅是高效阅读的一种技巧，它是指在阅读过程中，我们要扩大眼睛在阅读材料上每停留一次所能感知的文字的广度。阅读的过程，实际上是一个积极思维、迅速将文字符号转换为词义的过程。一般说来，我们的视幅总长度可达到4-5厘米。所以我们在阅读过程中，要尽可能扩大视线在文章每一行的覆盖范围，将尽可能多的单词收入视线范围之内。眼睛所注视的范围越大，输入大脑的文字内容也就越多，我们的阅读速度自然也就越快。我们平时在阅读时，不能逐词阅读，要不断训练自己从“点读”过渡到“句读”、“段读”，让我们的识别幅度覆盖一个完整的思维单位，学会整体认读、整体理解句子意思，并要熟悉句子的结构和词语的搭配习惯，切忌读破句。PassageA阅读理解Differentcountriesanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentmanners.Wemustfindouttheircustoms,sothattheywillnotthinkusillmannered.Herearesomeexamplesofthethingsthatawellmanneredpersondoesordoesnotdo.IfyouvisitaChinesefamilyyoushouldknockatthedoorfirst.Whenthedooropens,you'llnotmovebeforethehostsays“Comein,please!”.Afteryouentertheroom,youwouldntsitdownuntilthehostasksyoutotakeaseat.Whenacupofteaisputonateatablebeforeyouorsenttoyourhand,youllsay“Thankyou”①andreceiveitwithyourtwohands,notonehand,orthey'llthinkyouareillmannered.BeforeenteringahouseinJapan,itisgoodmannerstotakeoffyourshoes.InEuropeancountries,eventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverydirty,thisisnotdone.②InaMalay(马来西亚的)house,aguestneverfinishesthefoodonthetable.Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.InEngland,aguestalwaysfinishesadrinkorthefoodtoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Thiswillmakethehost,especially(尤其)thehostesspleased.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：12/121.InChina,whenthehostopensthedoor,____beforehesays“Comein,please!”A.youwon'tleaveB.youwon'twalkC.youwon'tstandinfrontofhimD.youwon'tgetin2.InEuropeancountries,____whenyougetintoahouse.A.youneedn'ttakeoffyourshoesB.youmusttakeoffyourdirtyshoesC.youarenotallowedtoweardirtyshoesD.youshouldputoncleanshoes3.InaMalayhouse,aguestleavesalittlefoodtoshowthat____.A.hehasenjoyeditB.heisquitefullC.heisnothungryatallD.heneedssomedrink难句注释①Whenacupofteaisputonateatablebeforeyouorsenttoyourhand,youllsay“Thankyou”.当一杯茶摆到你面前的茶几上或递到你手里时，你要说“谢谢”。Totalwords:204Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____②InEuropeancountries,eventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverydirty,thisisnotdone.在欧洲国家，有时即使鞋子脏也不用脱下来。PassageB12/12阅读理解Doyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseofweight(体重)thatfollows?Youarenotalone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfoods.Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.①Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaistoenjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthefoodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.②Donotmissmeals.Beforeyouleavehomeforafeast(宴会),haveasmall,lowfatsnack(小吃).Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.Beginwithclearsoupandfruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueatmayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemorethanenough.Betternothavehighfatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatinthem.Chooseleanmeat(瘦肉).Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.Ifyouhaveasweettooth,③trymints(薄荷)andfruits.Theydonthavefatcontent(含量)ascreamandchocolate.Don'tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20minutewalkafteramealcanhelpburnoffextracalories(卡路里).根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymay____.A.bringweightproblemsB.bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlifeC.makeyouworriedaboutyourfoodsD.makeyouhatedeliciousfoods12/122.Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,youdbetter____.A.drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonlyB.noteatmuchfoodinhighfatC.notacceptinvitationstofeastsD.turnawayfromdeliciousfoods3.Accordingtothepassage,____isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingonweight.A.vegetablesB.waterC.caloriesofenergyD.physicalexercise难句注释①Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.然而，很多人担心体重会随着这些美味的食物而增加。Totalwords:231Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____②Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.下面的建议也许对你有所帮助。③haveasweettooth吃甜食。PassageC阅读理解Thisyear2,300teenagers(youngpeopleagedfrom13-19)fromallovertheworldwillspendabouttenmonthsinU.S.homes.They12/12willattendU.S.schools,meetU.S.teenagers,andformimpressions(印象)oftherealAmericanteenagers.Americanteenagerswillgotoothercountriestolearnnewlanguagesandhaveanewunderstandingoftherestoftheworld.Hereisatwowaystudentexchangeinaction.①Fred,nineteen,spentlastyearinGermanywithGeorge'sfamily.Inreturn,George'sson,Mike,spentayearinFred'shomeinAmerica.Fred,alivelyyoungman,knewlittleGermanwhenhearrived,butaftertwomonthsstudy,thelanguagebegantocometohim.Schoolwascompletelydifferentfromwhathehadexpected—muchharder②.Studentsroserespectfully(尊敬地)whentheteacherenteredtheroom.TheytookfourteensubjectsinsteadofthesixthatareusualintheUnitedStates.Therewerealmostnooutsideactivities(活动).Familylife,too,wasdifferent.Thefamily'swordwaslaw,andallactivitieswerearoundthefamilyratherthantheindividual(个人).Fredfoundthefoodtoosimpleatfirst.Also,hemissedhavingacar.“Backhome,youpickupsomefriendsinacarandgooutandhaveagoodtime.InGermany,youwalk,butyousoonlearntolikeit.”Atthesametime,inAmerica,Mike,afriendlyGermanboy,wasalsoforminghisidea.“IsupposeIshouldcriticize(批评)Americanschools.”hesays.“Itisfartooeasybyourlevel(水准).ButIhavetosaythatIlikeitverymuch.InGermanywedonothingbutstudy.Herewetakepartinmanyoutsideactivities.Ithinkthatmaybeyourschoolsarebetterintrainingforcitizens(市民).Thereoughttobesomemiddlegroundbetweenthetwo.③”根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.Thewholeexchangeprogramismainlyto____.A.helpteenagersinothercountriesknowtherealAmericaB.sendstudentsinAmericatotravelinGermanyC.letstudentslearnsomethingaboutothercountriesD.haveteenagerslearnnewlanguages2.WhatdidFredandMikeagreeon?A.AmericanfoodtastedbetterthanGermanfood.12/12B.GermanschoolswereharderthanAmericanschools.C.AmericansandGermanswerebothfriendly.D.ThereweremorecarsonthestreetsinAmerica.3.Whatisparticular(特别的)inAmericanschools?A.Thereissomemiddlegroundbetweenthetwoteachingbuildings.B.Therearealotofafterschoolactivities.C.Studentsusuallytake14subjectsinall.D.Studentsgooutsidetoenjoythemselvesinacar.4.WhatdidMikethinkafterexperiencingtheAmericanschoollife?A.AbettereducationshouldincludesomethinggoodfrombothAmericaandGermany.B.Germanschoolstrainedstudentstobebettercitizens.C.AmericanschoolswerenotasgoodasGermanschools.D.TheeasylifeintheAmericanschoolwasmorehelpfultostudents.难句注释①Hereisatwowaystudentexchangeinaction.这里就有一个正在运作的两地学生互派活动。inaction意为“在运转；在操作；在某项活动中”。Totalwords:318Readingtime:____Readingspeed:____②Schoolwascompletelydifferentfromwhathehadexpected—muchharder.12/12学校完全不同于他原本料想的那样，要辛苦得多。③Thereoughttobesomemiddlegroundbetweenthetwo.在两国学校之间应该要平均一下。PassageD完形填空IspenttwomonthswithanAmericanfamilylastyearwhenIstudiedinAmerica.Itissaid,“ThebesthouseisinAmerica,thebestwifeisinJapan,andthebestfoodisinChina.”SoItookpride(自豪)and1to2“thebestfood”formyAmericanfamily.Eachday,regardlessofmypoorskillofcooking,①Iwoulddosomethingin3way:changingthedishescolour,themeatstypeorthesoupsstyle(风味).Thus,myAmericanfriendscoulddiscoverthe4ofeatingChinesefood.Becauseofmy“5”job,Iwasoftenrewarded(奖励)bytheir6ofappreciation(感激)suchas“verydelicious”,“excellent”,etc.Butthejokewashere:yesterday,IcookedSichuanstyle7fordinner.Iwas8atmyachievement(成就).Whenallthefamilymembersarrivedatthetable,theyfirstlooked9atthefish,thenlookedatme.“Whydoallthefishhavetheir10？”theyasked，“Itsterrible!”Terribleorbeautiful？Idon'tknow.ButI11knowthatfishheadsaredelicious.The12isthebestpartoffish;in13onlytherespectable(受敬重的)guestcanhavethespecialhonourof14it.Another15thingis:theAmericanfriendsoftensaidtome“16”asthey17fruitsorotherthings.AccordingtoChinesetraditionIwouldsimplysmileinanswertotheirkindness②18actuallyhelpingmyselftoanyofthefood.19,Isaid“helpyourself”tothemwheneverIbroughthomefruits.Dearme,nomatterhowmuchorhowoftenIbroughthomefood,aslongasitwasnicetotheirtaste,they20hesitated(犹豫)tousetheirhandsto“helpthemselves”untilallwasfinished.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1.A.worryB.attentionC.delightD.pleasure12/122.A.buyB.fetchC.cookD.leave3.A.theirB.anewC.thesameD.asimple4.A.wayB.joyC.troubleD.importance5.A.hardB.dailyC.goodD.new6.A.expressionsB.flowersC.talkD.smile7.A.meatB.fishC.soupD.egg8.A.praisedB.pleasedC.goodD.surprised9.A.happilyB.excitedlyC.surprisedlyD.worriedly10.A.bonesB.skinsC.tailsD.heads11.A.doB.willC.wanttoD.should12.A.tailB.headC.soupD.flesh13.A.factB.ChinaC.USAD.theWest14.A.enjoyingB.lookingatC.playingwithD.cooking15.A.realB.excitingC.interestingD.easy16.A.pleasehelpusB.excusemeC.helpyourselfD.eatthemplease17.A.broughthomeB.wantedC.werebuyingD.wereeating18.A.notB.butnotC.withoutD.nor19.A.AtlastB.AboveallC.AfterallD.Inreturn20.A.usualB.oftenC.neverD.had12/12难句注释①regardlessofmypoorskillofcooking不顾我差劲的厨艺。②AccordingtoChinesetraditionIwouldsimplysmileinanswertotheirkindness.根据中国的传统，我只是对他们的好意报以微笑。inanswer(tosth.)意为“作为回应”。PassageA本文主要讲述了不同的国家有不同的礼仪，并通过几个例子来说明这一点。1.D.从文章第二段第二句话可以得出答案。2.A.从最后一段“InEuropeancountries,eventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverydirty,thisisnotdone.”可以得出答案。3.B.文中提到在马来西亚“Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.”。PassageB人们喜欢假日美食，但又怕发胖。本文提出了一些既能享受美食又不会增重的建议。1.A.从文章第一、二两段可以得知假日会带来体重增加的问题。2.B.不要吃高脂肪食品。3.D.文章最后一段提到了锻炼是不能缺少的。takeabreak意为“停歇”。PassageC本文主要介绍了国与国之间的青少年互派交流活动，并讲述了来自美国和德国的两个学生到对方国度的学习和生活情况，反映了两国之间在学校、家庭生活上的差异。1.C.本题考查交流项目的目的，其他三个选项比较片面。2.B.注意是双方都同意。agreeon意为“在……取得一致”。12/123.B.从文章最后一段Mike认为在美国“Herewetakepartinmanyoutsideactivities.”可知。4.A.其他三项比较片面，而且最后一段Mike认为“Thereoughttobesomemiddlegroundbetweenthetwo.”。PassageD本文主要描述了“我”在国外经常做中国菜给外国主人吃，虽然厨艺不精，但还是常受到他们的称赞。另外还举了两个例子体现了中西文化的差异。1.D.在国外做中国菜，显然是感到自豪和高兴。2.C.从接下来的文字中可以得知是烹饪而不是其他动词。3.B.从下文中可以看出“我”是以一种新的方式来做菜。4.B.根据上下文，外国人吃“我”做的菜应该是感到有乐趣的。takedelightindoingsth.意为“乐于做……”5.C.从下文得知外国人喜欢吃“我”做的菜，那“我”的菜应该是好吃的。6.A.下文提到了比如“verydelicious”,“excellent”，很明显是表达的意思。7.B.从下文可以得知是鱼，而不是其他食品。8.B.“我”自然对自己的作品是满意的。9.C.根据下文外国朋友的疑问和惊讶的语气可以选出答案来。10.D.前后照应，下文提到了“fishheadsaredelicious”。11.A.这里是加强语气，意为“我”的确知道。12.B.根据上下文可以得出答案。13.B.因为“我”是中国人，很明显了解中国的习俗。14.A.在中国只有受敬重的人才有享用它的荣幸。15.C.最后一段讲的是另外一件表现中美文化习惯上的差异的事，应该是有趣的事。16.C.根据平时的口语表达可以得出答案。17.A.根据上下文得知是买回来后让“我”随便吃。12/1218.C.中国的习俗是嘴上可能会说吃，而实际上并不会真的去吃。19.D.Atlast“最后”，Aboveall“最重要的是”,Afterall“毕竟”,Inreturn“作为回报”。20.C.文章最后提到“untilallwasfinished”，很明显他们是从不犹豫。1.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.这也许有助于防止你在美食面前太过兴奋。(Line9,PassageB)要表达“使某人不能做某事”，可用keepsb.fromdoingsth.，preventsb.fromdoingsth.或stopsb.fromdoingsth.等结构。如：Thechurchbellskeepmefromsleeping.教堂的钟声吵得我睡不着觉。Theystoppedme(from)goingoutofthedoor.他们阻止我出门。Whatpreventedyou(from)joininguslastnight?昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?注意这三个词组中keepsb.fromdoingsth.中的from不能省，因为keepsb.doingsth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。2.Itisfartooeasybyourlevel.(Line20,PassageC)该句中的far是程度副词，“很；极；大大地”的意思，修饰形容词、副词及其比较级、最高级。Thisroomisfartoowarm.这个房间极热。ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanI.她英语说得远比我好。Myworkisfarfromfinished.我的工作还远没有结束。句中的by表基准，可译为“根据……；按照……”。如：Youmustplaybytherules.你们必须按照规则来比赛。Icanseebytheexpressiononyourfacethatyouareintrouble.从你的表情，我可以看得出你有了麻烦。12/1212/12