必修IUnit1重点单词和短语１、addup合计addupto…共计,总计达add…to把…加在里面２、upsetsb.某人不安upsetoneselfaboutsth.为某事而烦恼beupsetat/about因…而烦恼３、ignoresb./sth.忽视，不理会beignorantof对…无知，不了解ignorantadj无知的，愚昧的ignorancen无知.愚昧４、calmvt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定calmdown镇静,平静calmsb.down使某人镇静adj.平静的；镇定的keepcalm保持镇静５、concernvt.使担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注withconcern关切地show(no)concernfor/aboutsb.对某人(不)关心,concernoneselfwith/in参与，干涉beconcernedwith与…有关系beconcernedabout/forsth./that-clause为…担心，挂念Asfaras…beconcerned就某某而言concerningprep.关于，有关６、walkthedog遛狗７、gothrough经历,经受gothroughahardtime经历了一段困难时期gothroughthebaggage检查行李gothroughthenewspaper浏览报纸gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多钱８、setdown.记下，放下Setaside留出，腾出（时间，金钱），把…放一边Setoff出发，动身，引起，使爆炸Setup建立Setaboutdoing开始，着手Setouttodosth.setdowntheideasonpaper把想法写在纸上setmedownatthebus-stop在车站让我下车22/22９、aseriesof一系列的,一连串的aseriesofbooks丛书aseriesofstamps一套邮票aseriesofpictures连环画10、onpurpose故意地=bydesign=deliberatelybychance/accident=accidentallylietosb.onpurpose故意向某人撒谎onpurposetodosth.为了…而特地gothereonpurposetoseesb.特意到那里去看某人for/withthepurposeof为了…地目的11、inorderto/soasto(dosth.)为了,以……为目的soasto“为了”,只能用在句中。　　　　inorderthat/sothat“为了”,其后接句子。12、atdusk在黄昏时刻atdawn在黎明时分13、facetoface面对面地(作状语)haveaface-to-faceinterviewwiththehero和这位英雄进行一次面对面的采访shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地handinhand手拉手地hearttoheart贴心地sidebyside并排地backtoback背靠背地　arminarm臂挽臂地　　wordbyword逐字地14、settlesb.使..定居，安家settleanargument/amatter解决争端/问题settledown定居下来，平静下来，舒适地坐下that’ssettled.一言为定15、suffervi.&vt.遭受；忍受；经历⑴sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病sufferfromloneliness因孤独而痛苦　　sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒⑵遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等)sufferaheavyloss遭受严重损失sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡sufferern.受苦者sufferingn.痛苦,苦难16、recoverfromillness生病后恢复operation17、get/betiredof对…厌烦22/2216、pack(sth.)up将（东西）装箱打包17、getalong/onwithgetalong/onwithsb.与某人相处getalong/onwithsth.某事进展getalong/onwell/nicely/badlywith与……处得好/不好;……进展顺利/不顺利18、fallinlove相爱，爱上19、joininsth./doingsth.参加活动joininplayingfootball参加踢足球joininthegame参加游戏活动join参加组织团体jointhearmy参军joinsb.in和……一起参加……活动jointheminsinging与他们一起唱歌attend22、havetrouble/difficulty/problemwithsb./sth.和某人相处/做某事有困难havetrouble/difficulty/problem(in)doingsth.做某事有困难highwayfreewaysubwayTeenager/adolescentExactalynotexactaly作文中：同意某人看法，不同意某人看法GratefulTipItemGossipwhisperStayawakestayup重点句子1.Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.2.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.3.当他在公园散步的时候，他偶遇了一位老朋友4.sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.22/221.Withsometechnicalproblems_______解决，itmaybeawhilebeforeelectriccarsareputinactualuse.2.Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.3.Itisnotwhatwedoonceinawhile_____shapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently.4.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongsofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.5.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface…6.Itisthefirsttime7.It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced8.Nouse/good/doingsth.9.Thereisnothingwrongwithyouandthisboybeingfriendsandstudyingtogether.10.Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem11.IwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceBesupposedtodosth.BesidesBeboundtounit2重点单词和短语becauseof因为(后接名词、代词、名词性从句)dueto“由于”,作表语或状语;thanksto“由于,多亏”,作表语或状语;owingto“由于”,作表语或状语;asaresultof“因为……的结果”,作状语;onaccountof“因为”,作状语sinceoweto归功于2、nativelocal22/22adj.本地的,本国的one’snativeland/country/language故乡；祖国；母语anativespeakerofEnglish以英语为母语的人benativeto（动植物）原产于某地n.本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物anativeofZhongXiang钟祥人3、official:adj官方的；正式的n.官员anofficiallanguage一种官方语言anofficialdocument一份正式文件4、comeup:走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生HecameuptomeandsaidhellotomeYourquestioncameupatthemeetingThesunhascomeupI’llletyouknowifanythingcomesupcomeupwithagoodidea:想出一个好点子5、basebasicvt.以……为根据：basesth.onsth.使……以……为依据/基础baseone’sopinionsonfacts:意见以事实为依据bebasedon:以……为依据n．基础：makeLondonthebaseforrevolutionarywork使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地basisn.根据；基本原则onthebasisof……在……的基础上thebasisof/foryouropinion你的看法的依据6、presentv.赠送；呈现；介绍；描述presentsth.tosb./presentsb.withsth.向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物presentsb.tosb.else向某人介绍/引见某人adj现在的；在场地bepresentatthemeeting出席会议thepresentsituation目前的形式atpresent/atthepresenttime目前；现在everyonepresent在场的各位forthepresent眼下；暂时n.赠品；礼物22/227、vocabulary词汇；词汇量with/havealargevocabulary:词汇量很大increase/enlargevocabulary增加/扩大词汇（量）8、makeuseof利用；使用makefulluseof充分利用makegooduseof好好利用makelittleuseof不充分利用makethebest(use)of更好地利用；往好里做　makethemostof更好地利用HisprogressinstudyliesinthegoodusehemadeofhissparetimeWeshouldconsiderwhatusecanbemadeofsuchamaterial9、suchas:用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）suchas+被列举的事物”和“such+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现Sweetfood,suchaschocolatecanmakeyoufat=Suchsweetfoodaschocolatecanmakeyoufat10、commandV.命令；指令；掌握commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事command(that)sb.(should)dosth.从句中用虚拟语气n．命令;指令；掌握obeythecaptain’scommands服从船长的命令giveacommand发布命令bysb’scommand根据……的命令　　takethecommandofanarmy:统帅/指挥一支军队underthecommandofsb.=undersb’scommand在……的指挥下haveagoodcommandofEnglish.精通/熟练掌握英语11、requestV.请求，要求requeststh.要求/请求得到，索要某物requeststh.fromsb.向某人索要某物requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事requestthatsb.(should)dosth.It’srequestedthat从句据要求asrequested依据请求n．要求，请求22/22makearequestforsth.要求/需要某物makearequestthat从句，要求byrequest应邀atsb’srequest/attherequestofsb.根据…的请求insist,order,command,suggest,advise,recommend,request,require,ask,demand,urge12、playapartin在……中担任角色/起作playthepartofsb扮演某人的角色playanimportant/vitalpart/rolein(doing)sth.在……中起重要/至关重要的作用playtheleadingrole/part起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角13、recognizevt.识别；认出realizerecognizesb./sb’svoice.认出某人/听出某人的声音recognizesth./that从句承认recognizesth./sb.tobe承认某人是……recognizesth./sb.assth.正式认可/接受某事/人为……recognitionn.承认，认出beyond/outofrecognition认不出来14、alargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakers许多英语讲得流利的人thenumberofpeoplelearningEnglish学习英语的人的数目15、makesense有道理；有意义；讲得通16、holdon别挂(电话);坚持17、askdirections问路givedirections指路；给予指示inthedirectionof朝……方向inalldirections=ineverydirection向四面八方18、putsth.down写下；记下；镇压19、havefunwithsth.以……为乐ActuallyApartmentTheformerthelatterFluentfrequentDialect,ExpressionBlockstraightTruck22/22accent重点句子1.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Eventhough2.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.3.Itwasmore….than….that….4.Bythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.5.OnereasonisthatEnglishhasalargevocabulary.6.Ontheonehand,ontheotherhands7.Foronething,foranother8.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.9.Shetoldustogoaroundthecornerontheleftandkeepgoingstraightfortwoblocks.PlentyofUnit3重点单词和短语1、transportn.运输；运送thepublictransportofthecity城市公共运输系统thetransportofgoodsbyair空运货物intheprocessof/duringtransport/transportation在运输过程中v．运输；运送transport…(from…)to…把…从…运到…transportationn.运输ameansoftransportation一种运输方式translate,transform,transplant22/222、prefervt.更喜欢prefercoffeetotea.更喜欢咖啡而不是茶preferdoingtodoing更喜欢干……而不愿干……prefertodoratherthando宁愿干……而不愿干……prefersbtodosth.宁愿让某人做某事preferthatsb(should)do更宁愿某人干…preferencen.(两者之中)较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱haveapreferencefor…对……偏爱havenoparticularpreference没有特别的偏好inpreferenceto…而不是3、eversince.从那以后4、persuadevt.说服；劝服、convincesb.Ofsth.persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做……persuadesb.nottodo=persuadesb.outofdoing说服某人停止做……；劝阻某人做……persuadesb.ofsth.或persuadesb.+that从句使某人相信persuasiveadj.有说服力的persuasionn.说服；劝说5、graduate.v.毕业degree,certification,ceremonyBachelor学士doctorscholar，scholarship,majorgraduatefrom…从……毕业graduatesb.授予某人学位或毕业文凭n．毕业生：ahighschoolgraduate:高中毕业生asciencegraduate理学士graduationn.毕业after/beforegraduation毕业后/前6、schedule:n.时间表；进度表classschedule:课程表aheadofschedule较预定的时间提前onschedule按照预定的时间，按时behindschedule迟于预定的时间；拖后vt.为……安排时间schedulethemeetingforthatnight会议的时间定在那天晚上bescheduledtodosth.预定做某事7、befondof(doing)sth.beinto/crazyabout(doing)sth.喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣beinterestedin(doing)sth.22/228、organize.vt组织；成立；安排；整理organizeafootballmatch组织一场足球赛organizeyourthoughts整理你的思路organizesb.todosth.组织某人干某事9、careabout关心；忧虑；惦念carefor喜欢；照顾10、determinevt.&vi.确定；决定；使…下定决心determinesth.确定某事determinetodo决定做某事determinesb.todosth.使某人决定做某事determineonearlystart=determinetostartearly决定早动身determine+从句determinedadj已决定了的；坚定的；坚决的bedeterminedthat从句bedeterminedtodosth决定干某事=makeupone’smindtodoadeterminedlook坚定的表情adeterminedman意志坚定的人determination决定；决心withdetermination坚决地amanofgreatdetermination意志坚定的人11、goon/make/takeajourneytosp.去某地旅行12、altitude.n.海拔；高处atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在……高度at表示“在……处/时；以……”atapriceof以……的价格ataspeed/rateof以……速度atalengthof在……长度atadepth/widthof在……深度，宽度atadistanceof在……远的距离atthecostof以……为代价attitude13、makeupone’smind下决心readone’smind看出某人心思keepone’smindon专心于speakone’smind直言不讳bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事absent-minded14、givein(tosb./sth.)(向……)屈服；让步；投降22/22giveoff发出（蒸汽、光、热等）giveout分发；筋疲力尽givewayto让位于；妥协giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖giveback归还15、pace.n.一步；速度；步调atagoodpace相当快地keeppacewith跟……齐步前进16、attitude,n.态度；看法takeafriendlyattitudeto/towardsus.对我们采取友善的态度holdapositive/negativeattitude持积极/消极态度17、asusual:照常18、atmidnight在午夜atnoon在正午19、flowthroughsp.流经某地20、insistv.坚决要求；主张insiston(sb’s)doingsth.坚决要求（某人）做insiston(my)givingupsmoking坚决要求（我）戒烟insist+从句Heinsistedthathewasright.他坚持认为他是正确的Heinsistedthatheshouldbesetfree.他坚决要求他被释放21、go/runlikeclockwork按计划进行；进展顺利22、weatherforecast天气预报23、view.n.视野；视力；景色；看法；观点be/gooutofview从视野消失comeintoview进入视线admiretheview欣赏景色inmyview=frommypointofview依我看来taketheviewthat从句，持有……观点V.考虑；观看viewsb.assth.把……看作24、putupthetents.搭起帐篷putupyourhands举手putupthepost张贴海报putuptenpeoplefornight22/22为十人提供食宿过夜putupputoffputawayputforwardputupwith25、givemylove/bestwishestosb.请代我向……问好/候Advantage,disadvantageFare,feeRouteFinallyShortcomingStubbornDetailSourceforecastValleyBendParcelInsuranceReliableViewFlameTemplecave重点句子1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakinga22/22greatbiketrip.1.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.2.Sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.3.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.4.一旦你掌握了这门技能，你会发现解决这类问题更容易haveagoodknowledgeofsth.5.Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travellingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.6.Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.7.Ipreferthereddresstothegreenonebecauseitfitsmebetter.8.TheveryfirsttimethatJoesawthefilm“ET”directedbyStevenSpielberg,hemadeuphismindtobecomeadirectortoo.9.Giveasmuchinformationasyoucan.10.Toclimbthemountainwashardwork.11.Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.12.Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.13.Can’thelpdoingsth.Unit4重点单词和短语1、right/straightaway=atonce立刻；马上rightnow,immediately,innotome2、burst(burst,burst)vi.爆裂；爆发burstintoaplace=breakintoaplace突然闯进burstin突然插嘴；打断burstintotears/laughters/flames突然大哭/大笑/起火burstoutcrying/laughing/singing突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来n.一阵aburstoflaughter/applause一阵笑声/掌声aburstofanger怒火的迸发22/223、asif/though仿佛；好像4、atanend结束；终结intheend最后；终于attheend(ofsth.)在结尾处；在（……）结束的时候bytheendofthismonth在本月末5、ruinn.废墟；毁灭；遗迹be/lie/standinruins成为一片废墟theruinsofYuanmingyuan圆明圆遗迹v.毁灭；使破产/灭ruinone’shealth毁坏某人健康ruinone’shope使某人希望破灭6、destroy(destroyed,destroyed)vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭destroythebuilding毁坏建筑destroy/ruinone’shope使希望破灭destructionn.破坏；毁坏7、trackn.轨道；足迹；痕迹keeptrackof记录；掌握……的线索8、shock:n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事vt&vi(使)震惊；震动beagreatshock沉重的打击anelectricshock电击Thebadnewsleftusspeechlessfromshock坏消息使我们震惊得说不出话来。beshockedby/at对……感到震惊ashockingaccident令人震惊的事故9、rescue:n&vt.援救；营救rescuesb.from…从危险中救出arescueteam救援队come/gotoone’srescue营救某人rescuern.营救人员10、trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境becatchedintrapsb.inthemud=get/betrappedinthemud被困在泥巴里面trapsb./sth.into(doing)…诱使某人/某物（做）……setatrap设圈套betrappedin11、digout(dugdug)掘出；发现digsth.outofsth.把……从……里挖出digthetruthoutofhim从他那里查出真相12、buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏buryone’sface/headinsth.把脸/头伸到……里去buryoneselfin=beburiedin埋头于；专心于22/22beburiedinthought陷入了沉思burialn.埋葬；葬礼13、sheltern.躲避（处）；避身处buildsheltersforsurvivors给幸存者建避难所takeshelterfromtherain躲雨v.保护……；遮蔽；使……住宿sheltermefromblame保护我免受责难14、judgen.裁判员；法官；vt.断定；判断；判决；认为workasajudge:当法官/裁判judgesth.from/bysth.由……来判断judgingfrom/bysth.由……来看（作状语）judgesb.tobe…认为某人……AsfarasIcanjudge据我判断judgethecase审理这个案件judgementn.判决；审判；判断makeajudgementonsth.对……作出判断15、expressvt.表达；用快递邮寄出expressoneself表达自己expressthanks/thoughts表达感谢/思想expresstheletter用快递方式寄出信件expresssth.tosb.=expresstosb.sth.向某人表示/表达某事16、rise(roserisen)vi.升高；增长；站在；起床n.上升；上涨；增升；涨工资riseby20%增长了20%riseto200.增长到200risefromthechair从椅子上站起来Earlytobedandearlytoriseisgoodtoyourhealth早睡早起对身体有好处askforarise要求涨工资getarise升级；涨工资17、runoutof从……跑出来；用光（不用被动)18、thinklittle/nothingof轻视；忽视；对……满不在乎thinkmuch/highlyof重视；看重；对……高度评价thinkofsb.as…把……看作19、reachv.延伸；达成（协议）；得出结论；伸手够到某物；与……取得联系Thewoodsreachesasfarastheriver森林延伸至河边reachanagreement达成协议reachaconclusion得出结论reachhimbytelephone用电话与他取得联系reachoutforsth伸手去拿n.够着；达到outofthereachofsb.在某人伸手够不着的地方22/22withinthereachofsb.在某人伸手够得着的地方above/beyondthereachofsb.超出某人的能力20、giveoutvt.发出（光；热；气味）；分发；发表；发布（消息）vi.用尽；筋疲力尽21、Itsounds/looks/feels/seemsasif.听/看/感觉起来/看来好像22、intheopenair在户外23、offer/sendone’scongratulationstosb.onsth.=congratulatesb.onsth.向某人祝贺某事24、honorvt.给予（某人）荣誉；使得到尊敬/荣誉n.名誉；面子；敬意；引起尊敬的人或物honorsb.forsth.=behonoredforsth.因某事而受到尊敬/表彰be/feelhonoredtodosth.做某事感到荣幸It’sagreathonorforsb.todosth.做某事对某人来说很荣幸Sheisanhonortothisprofession.她是这一行业的光荣。havethehonortodo/ofdoingsth.有做某事的荣幸dosb.an/thehonorofdoing(sth.)赏光inhonorofsb.=insb’shonor为向……表示敬意；为纪念……25、withoutwarning在没有任何先兆的情况下26、thedisaster-hit/strickenareas受灾地区EarthquakeWellSmellyYardPipeExtremeSurvivorShockRescueDisaster22/22ElectricityMineTitleJournalistDamagesincerely重点句子1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.2.Itseemsasiftheworldwasatanend.3.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.4.Allhopewasnotlost.5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Asyouknow,thisisthedaythequakehappenedthirty-fouryearsago.7.Themanwassleepingdownstairswhentheearthquakehappened.8.Yourparentsandyourschoolshouldbeveryproudofyou!Unit5重点单词和短语1、quality.n.质量；品质；性质beofhighgood/low/poorquality质量高/低amanoffinequalities:一位有很多好品质的男子thequalitiesofwater水的特性qualifyv.使……具体资格（品质）quatity2、meanadj.吝啬的；自私；卑鄙的meansIt’smeanofsb.todosth.做某事真是太自私/卑鄙了22/22bemeantosb.about/oversth.在某方面对某人很吝啬active.adj.积极的；活跃的；主动的beactivein…在……方面很积极/活跃takeanactivepartin…积极参与……lead／liveanactivelife过着积极的生活activevoice主动语态activityn.活动3、devotevt.(与to连用)献身；专心于devoteoneselftosth./doingsth.献身于……；专心做某事devoteone’slife/time/money/energytosth./doingsth.把本人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……devoted.adj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto…专心致志于；忠于；喜欢adevotedfriend一位忠实的朋友adevotedmother一位贤妻良母4、principlen.法则；原则；原理inprinciple.原则上；大致上sticktoone’sprinciples恪守自己的原则ontheprincipleof根据……的原则againstone’sprinciple违背某人的原则5、guidancen.指导；领导guidanceonsth.对某事物的指导offerguidancetosb.给某人提供指导under/withtheguidanceofsb.=under/withsb’sguidance在某人的指导下6、outofwork=beoutofajob失业outofcontrol失去控制outofpatience失去耐心outofreach够不着outofdate过时outofsight看不见outofmoney钱花光outofmind心不在焉outoforder坏了；混乱7、votevt&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决voteon…就……投票votefor/against投票赞成/反对votetodo投票表决帮某事；vote+that从句22/228、attackvt&vi.袭击；攻击；抨击attacksb.frombehind背后攻击attackthegovernment’snewpolicy抨击政府新政策n.发病；袭击；攻击makeanattackon/against…攻击；袭击；抨击underattack遭到袭击/抨击airattack空袭aheartattack心脏病突发9、asamatteroffact事实上=in(actual)fact=actually10、blowup;使丧气；炸毁getthetireblownup给轮胎打气blowuptheballoons给汽球充气blowupabridge炸毁一座桥blowout吹灭blowdown刮倒11、equaladj.相等的；平等的；equalpayforequalwork同工同酬beequalto与……相等；等于；能胜任v.等于；比得上n.同等（对等）的人；对于；匹敌者equalsbinsth=beanequaltosbinsth.在某方面与某人匹敌/势力相当equallyadv.12、beintrouble在危险；受罚；痛苦；忧虑等的处境中askfortrouble自寻烦恼getintotrouble遇到麻烦;出事havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难maketrouble制造麻烦takegreattroubletodosth不辞辛苦做某事13、turnto求助于；致力于；转向；变成；转变到turntosb.forhelp/advice向某人求助/救turntotheleft向左转turntopage20翻到20页turntotheEnglishdictionary查英文辞典giveupmedicineandturntowriting放弃医学转向写作14、loseheart丧失勇气或信心loseface丢脸loseweight减肥loseone’sheartto爱上；喜欢上loseone’sway迷路loseoneselfin迷上loseone’ssight失明loseone’stemper发怒15、excape.vi&vt逃脱；逃走；泄露escapepunishment/beingpunished逃避惩罚escapefrom..从……逃跑/脱22/22n.逃跑；逃脱makeone’sescape逃走haveanarrowescape死里逃生；勉强逃脱16、cometopower当权；上台17、begv.请求；乞求begsb.todosth.乞求（某人）做某事begsb.forsth.向某人要某东西Begyourpardon请原谅；请再说一遍18、rewardn.报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏rewardsb.withsth.用……酬谢某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因……而酬谢某人inreward作为报酬asarewardfor…作为……的报酬（奖赏）give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.为某事而给某人奖赏19、setupalaboratory建立一个实验室setupafundfortheHopeProject为希望工程设立一项基金setouttodosth.开始干……；着手于…setout/offforsp.动身去某地setoff引爆，使……爆炸，动身setaboutdoingsth开始干（做）某事20、besentencedto被判处……（徒刑）21、opinionn.意见；看法；主张haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionofsb./sth.对……评价好/不好/高/低inone’sopinion=intheopinionofsb.以……看来theopinionof/aboutsth.……方面的意见/观点22、fight(fought,fought)vi&vt.打仗；打架；与……进行斗争或奋斗；对抗fightabattle打仗fightforfreedom为争取自由而斗争fightagainst……为反对……而战fightwith…同……斗争/同……并肩作战fightwithsb.about……因……而和某人争吵23、beinprison坐牢（强调状态）gotoprison去坐牢escapefromprison越狱send/takesb.toprison把某人送进监狱22/22put/throwsb.intoprison把某人投进监狱24、begratefultosb.forsth.因某事而感激某人25、achievevt.完成，实现；达到（目的）；赢得（名声）achievenothing一无所获achievesuccess/victory获得成功/胜利achieveone’spurpose/goal达到目的achieveone’saim/dream实现目标/梦想achieveagoodreputation获得好的名声achievemodernization实现现代化achievementn.成绩；业绩achieveableadj.（事情）可完成的；可达到的activegenerousselflessselfishdevoredbiblefoundpeacefulleaplegalhopefulhopelessviolencefairquoteblanketrelativecrueltyrewardpresident22/22重点句子1.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadtohaveapassporttoliveinJohannesburg.2.IworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.3.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightandprogressuntiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.4.先行词为stage,position,situation,case等5.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.6.Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.7.只有当一个人失去自由时，他才会懂自己的价值8.Itwasaprison__nooneescaped.介词9.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeenasleep.10.Theywerenotclevererthanme,buttheydidpasstheexams.11.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.ThusWhat’smoreHoweverTakeeffectivemeasuresCallonthepublictodosth.22/22