欢迎来到英语课堂Module5ListeningandvocabularyCloningScientistworkinginalaboratoryAhumancellSheepAwascreatedinalaboratorybyscientists.Itisaclonedsheeporclone.SheepBisthe“parent”ofsheepA.ScientistsusedthegenesofSheepBtocreateSheepA.Bothsheephaveidenticalgenestheirgenesareexactlythesarae.Agene—thepartofacellthatcontrolshowitdevelopsWhodowegetourgenesfrom?Answerthequestions.Ourparents2.Howmanyparentsdoesaclonedanimalhave?One3.Whereareclonedanimalscreated?Inalaboratory4.InwhatwayareSheepAandSheepBidentical?Theyhaveidenticalgenes,andsoareidenticalineverywayAnswerthequestionsaboutthewordsandphrasesinthebox.tobeagainst(cloning)argumentbeneficialtobefor(cloning)nature1.Ifyouareforsomething,doyouthinkitisagoodidea?2.Ifyouareagainstsomething,doyouthinkitisagoodidea?3.Doyouoftenhaveargumentswithpeople,inwhichyoudisagreeaboutsomething?Whatkindofthingsdoyouargueabout?4.Doyouthinknatureshouldbeleftalone,orisitbettertomakeplantsandanimalsthewaywewantthem?5.Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?Giveatleastonereason.Saywhichoftheargumentsbelowareforcloningandwhichareagainstcloning.1.Cloningisagainstnature.A2.Cloningwillbebeneficialtohumans.Forexample,ifacouplecan’thavechildren,cloningcouldhelpgivethemachild.F3.Clonedanimalsgetillanddiequiteyoung.A4.Peopleareafraidthatscientistswillcreatethousandsofcopiesofthesameperson.A5.Cloningisdangerousbecausescientistsmaycreatemonstersbymistake.A6.Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.FCorrectthewronginformationinthesesentences.1.DrHughDonavilleworksforacompanythathasalreadyclonedanumberofpeople.2.AsheepcalledDollywasclonedin1998.3.Dollythesheepdiedin2003.animals1997OK4.DonavillethinksscientiststreatedDollythesheepasaproduct.5.Donavillesaysthatifachildisveryill,scientistscouldcloneit.Thepresenterdies6.Donavillethinksit’sagoodideatohavethousandsofcopiesofthesameperson.7.Donavillesaysthatwecouldcloneanimalsthathavebecomeextinct.terriblearebecomingextinctPresenter:Ourtopicforthisweekiscloning.Todiscussit,wehavewithusDrHughDonaville,headofacompanythathasalreadyclonedanumberofanimals.HughD:Goodmorning.Presenter:DrDonaville,couldyoubeginwithasimpleexplanationofcloning?HughD:Certainly.Clonedanimalsarecreatedinalaboratory.Theytakealltheirgenesfromasingleparent.Listeningtext:Presenter:Soclonedanimalscomefromoneparentonly.HughD:Precisely.Presenter:Howsuccessfulhascloningbeensofar?HughD:Well,asmostpeopleknow,in1997scientistsclonedasheepcalledDolly.Sincethen,scientistshaveclonedanimalssuchaspigsandcats.Presenter:Youmakecloningsoundeasy.HughD:DoI?Iwishitwas.Ifitwaseasy,I’dbeaveryrichmanbynow.Presenter:Sowhatarethedifficulties?HughD:Unfortunately,clonedanimalsgetillanddiequiteyoung.Forexample,Dollythesheepdiedin2003.Sheshouldhavelivedlonger.Presenter:Whydotheygetill?HughD:We’vegotafewideasbutwedon’treallyunderstandwhyyet.Presenter:Isee.Nowobviously,DrDonaville,youbelievethatcloningwillbebeneficialtohumanbeings.HughD:Yes,Ido.IfIdidn’tbelievethat,I’dbeinadifferentjob.Presenter:Manypeoplebelievethatcloningiswrongandagainstnature.Howdoyouanswerthem?HughD:Itellthemthatcloningisawayofhelpingnature.Presenter:Butcloningtreatsanimalsandpeopleasthings,asproducts.HughD:Nonsense!Idon’tthinkthat’strueatall.Idon’tthinkscientiststreatedDollythesheepasaproduct.Shewasasheep!Presenter:I’mnotsureeveryonebelievesthat.Also,peopleareafraidthatscientistswillcreatethousandsofcopiesofthesameperson.HughD:Iagree,ifthathappened,itwouldbeterrible.Weneedlawstopreventthat.Presenter:I’mgladyouagreeaboutthat.Butwhydoscientistswanttoclonehumans?Ican’tseeanygoodreasonsforthis.HughD:Onthecontrary,thereareverygoodreasons.Forexample,ifacouplecan’thavechildren,thencloningcangivethemachild.Andifachilddies,wecouldcloneit.Presenter:Createanidenticalcopy,youmean?Ithinkthat’saterribleidea.HughD:Aclonecanneverbeanidenticalcopyofanotherperson.It’snotjustyourgenesthatcreatewhoyouare.It’syourfamilyandsocietyaswell.Presenter:True.HughD:Tocontinue,wecouldcloneanimalsthatarebecomingextinct.Presenter:Yes,ifwewereabletodothat,itwouldbewonderful.Icanseetherearemanyargumentsbothforandagainstcloning.