第20练　阅读＋完形＋语法填空＋短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：记叙文　话题：社会教育　词数：310　时间：6′(2022·济南模拟)AmericanLaMarBaylorspendsmostofhistimeinNewYork，workingasaperformerintheBroadwaymusical—TheLionKing.Butsince2022，hehasalsospentweeksinKigali，thecapitalofRwanda.Thereheteachesdancetoboyswholiveonthestreet.HisteachingispartofaneffortbytheRebeccaDavisDanceCompany.Theprojecthelpsyoungpeoplelearnmoreaboutdanceandlearnhowtobehaveinaclassroomenvironment.LaMarBaylordescribeshisstudentsasgenocide(大屠杀)survivors.Theyhavelostalloftheirfamilies，andsomeevenhavebeeninprison.“Theyhavebeenthroughthingsthatnooneshouldeverhavetogothrough，”saidBaylor.Danceclassesprovidethechildrenwithstructuredlearningandself－expressionthatthey'veneverhadbefore.Theycanalsotakeclassesininformationandtechnologyaftertheyhavelearnedtoattendclassesandfollowdirections.Boyswhohavedonebestintheclasseswinscholarships，andaresenttotheSunriseBoardingSchool.About30boyshavewonthiskindoffinancialaid.Allthestudentsaremale，becausefewgirlsinRwandalivefreelyonthestreet.TheRwandaprogramisthelargestonesetupbytheRebeccaDavisDanceCompany，foundedanddirectedbyRebeccaDavis.MsDavishasalsosetupdanceprogramsinBosnia－HerzegovinaandGuinea.About2，000childreninthethreecountrieshavetakenpartintheprojectsinceitslaunch(发起)in2022.AsforLaMarBaylor，heknowsfromhisownexperiencehowdancecanleadtoabetterlife.HeisfromCamden，NewJersey.CamdenhassometimesbeencalledAmerica'spoorestandmostdangerouscity.MrBaylorsaysthatgrowingupinCamden，ittookalongtimeforhimtofindoutwhathewantedtodo.Henowthinksdancingsavedhislife.【语篇解读】　作为百老汇音乐剧《狮子王》的演员，拉马尔·贝洛尔通过\n教授街头流浪儿跳舞，使他们得到受教育的机会。1．WhatdoweknowaboutLaMarBayloraccordingtothetext?A．HespendsmostofhistimeinRwanda.B．HeisdirectorofthemusicalTheLionKing.C．Hehimselfgrewupinapoorenvironment.D．HestartedtheRwandaprogramonhisown.答案　C　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“HeisfromCamden...mostdangerouscity.”可知，他在贫困的环境中长大。故选C项。]2．ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatthechildreninRwanda________．A．havegonethroughtoughtimeB．havecommittedviolentcrimesC．workedhardtowinscholarshipsD．focusedmainlyondancing答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的一、二句可知，拉马尔·贝洛尔称他的学生是大屠杀的幸存者，他们都失去了家人，有的还坐过牢，因此孩子们经历艰难的时期。故选A项。]3．Inhowmanycountriesarethedanceprogramslaunched?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.答案　B　[细节理解题。文章第一段提到了卢旺达的首都基加利，第四段提到了波斯尼亚——黑塞哥维那和几内亚，由此可知，舞蹈项目在三个国家进行。故选B项。]4．Whichofthefollowingistrueofthedanceproject?A．Mostchildrenparticipatinginitareboys.B．Theprojectcoulddatebacktotheyearof2022.C．Itisaimedtoimprovethekids'dancingskills.D．Ithasgainedmuchsupportfromtheworld.答案　B　[正误判断题。根据文章第四段的最后一句可知，这个舞蹈项目是在2022年发起的。故选B项。]B体裁：说明文　话题：巴黎“自行车之都”　词数：351　时间：5′\nParisisplanningtodoublethenumberofcyclinglanes(车道)by2022toturnthecityinto“theworld'sbikecapital”．The150million－europrojectwillincreasethenumberofsafebikelanesfromthecurrent700kilometers(435miles)to1，400kilometerswithinfiveyears.Paristownhallhopesthenewlaneswillhelptriple(增至三倍)thenumberofjourneysmadeonabikefromfivepercentto15percentbythattime.Thenew“expressnetwork”forbikeswillintroduceprotectedcyclinglanesonmajorstreetsthroughoutthecity，includingthebanksoftheSeine，separatedfromthetraffic.“Wethinkthattherearepeoplereadytocyclebutdon'tdoitbecauseofasenseofnotbeingsafe，”saidChristopheNajdovski，Greendeputymayor(副市长)inchargeoftransport.“ThisplanwillcreateanewformoftourisminPariswhichisbooming(迅速发展)elsewheresoon，”hesaid.Theplansalsoincludeincreasingthenumberoftwo－waycyclinglanesonsmallerroads，wherethespeedlimitformotoristswillbelimitedto30km/h.Amongthenewcyclelaneswillbeonealongthefamousdangerousstreet—ChampsElysees.Some10，000bikeparkingspaceswillbeaddedalongthecyclinglanesatthesametimeaccordingtotheplans.CityhallintendstosetupcyclingclassesandrepairworkshopstogetParisiansontheirbikes.Paris'famousbikerental(租赁的)company“Velib”isgoingfromstrengthtostrength，withsome283，000subscribers(用户)and40millionindividualrentalsthisyearalready.ThecityisnowconsideringintroducingelectricbikesforhillierpartslikeMontmartre.TheplanscomedaysafterParissufferedworryingpollutionlevelsthattoppedShanghaiforashorttime，accordingtooneweatheragency.【语篇解读】　巴黎市争将巴黎打造为“世界自行车之都”。5．WhydosomepeopleinParisnotcycleatpresent?A．Theyareworriedabouttheirsafety.B．Therearenocyclinglanesinthecity.C．Theyworktoofarawayfromtheirhomes.D．Therearenobikeparkingspacesinthecity.\n答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Wethinkthattherearepeoplereadytocyclebutdon'tdoitbecauseofasenseofnotbeingsafe”可知，有不少市民想要骑自行车出行，但是出于安全方面的担忧而放弃了这一想法。]6．CyclingclassesandrepairworkshopswillbesetupinParisto________．A．inspirepeopletotakeexerciseB．lowertheriskofunemploymentC．teachpeopletocyclesafelyD．encouragepeopletocycle答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“CityhallintendstosetupcyclingclassesandrepairworkshopstogetParisiansontheirbikes.”可知，市政厅还计划开设自行车课程，增加自行车修理间，鼓励巴黎市民骑车出行。]7．Itcanbeknownfromthepassagethat________．A．ParisisoneofthemostpollutedcitiesintheworldB．moreandmorepeopleinPariswilltravelbybikeC．ParishasthebiggestnumberofbikesintheworldD．thecyclinglanesinParisarethesafestintheworld答案　B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Paris'famousbikerentalcompany“Velib”isgoingfromstrengthtostrength，withsome283，000subscribersand40millionindividualrentalsthisyearalready.”可知，巴黎著名的自行车租赁公司“Velib”不断壮大。今年，该公司已拥有注册用户28.3万人，个人租车已达4000万次。故可推知，越来越多的巴黎人将骑车出行。]8．WhatmakesParistownhalldesigntheplans?A．Pollution.B．Population.C．Unemployment.D．Weather.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheplanscomedaysafterParissufferedworryingpollutionlevelsthattoppedShanghaiforashorttime，accordingtooneweatheragency.”可知，一家气象机构表示，近期，巴黎的污染级别曾令人担忧，曾一度赶超上海。然后巴黎自行车计划就诞生了。]Ⅱ.完形填空体裁：记叙文　话题：微笑的力量　词数：300　时间：18′\n(2022·陕西二模)Manyyearsago，NormanCousinswasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer.Hewasgivensixmonthstolive.His__9__ofrecoverywasonein500.Hecouldseethattheworry，lowspiritsand__10__inhislifecontributedto，orperhapshelpedcause，hisdisease.Hewondered，“__11__illnesscanbecausedbynegativity，canwellnessbe__12__bybeingpositive？”Hedecidedtomake__13__onhimself.Heknewthat__14__wasoneofthemostpositiveactivities.Herentedallthefunnymovieshe__15__find.Hereadfunnystories.Heaskedhisfriendstocallhimwhenevertheysaid，heardordidsomething__16__．Hispainwassogreatthathecouldnot__17__．Hefoundlaughingfor10minutesrelieved(减轻)the__18__forseveralhourssohecouldsleep.Hefully__19__fromhisillnessandlivedanother20happy，__20__andproductiveyears.Hebelievedthattheloveofhisfamilyandfriendsandlaughingcontributedtohisrecovery.Somepeoplethinklaughingisawasteof__21__．Theysayitissomethingtoenjoyonlyattimes.__22__，laughingisnecessaryandveryimportanttoourwell－beingandaliveness.Ifwe'renotwell，laughinghelpsusget__23__；ifwearewell，laughinghelpsus__24__thatway.Scientificstudieshaveshownthatlaughterhasacurative(有疗效的)__25__onthebody，themindandtheemotions.So，ifyoulikelaughing，__26__itmedicaladvicetodoitasoftenasyoucan.Ifyoudon'tlikelaughing，thentakeyourmedicine—laughinganyway.Use__27__makesyoulaugh—movies，records，books，cartoons，jokes，etc.Giveyourselfpermissiontolaughwheneveranythingfunnystrikesyou.Peoplearoundyoumaythinkyou're__28__，butsoonerorlaterthey'lljoinineveniftheydon'tknowwhatyou'relaughingabout.Somediseasesmaybecontagious(感染的)，butnoneisascontagiousasthecure—laughter.【语篇解读】　本文通过NormanCousins康复的实例告诉我们，笑是一副良药，它能让人摆脱烦恼，摆脱疾病。9．A.chanceB．experience\nC．dreamD．test答案　A　[依据文中的“Hewasgivensixmonthstolive”可知，NormanCousins康复的几率是五百分之一。]10．A.happinessB．angerC．lazinessD．hardworking答案　B　[本句中的“and”说明该空所填的词与“worry”“lowspirits”意思相近，且都是表示情感类的词，因此选anger。]11．A.WhetherB．WhereC．IfD．Until答案　C　[依据下文中的“canwellnessbe__12__bybeingpositive”可知，这里是条件状语从句，因此用if引导。]12．A.stoppedB．missedC．measuredD．created答案　D　[健康可以由积极乐观创造(created)。]13．A.anexperimentB．anexpressionC．adecisionD．asurvey答案　A　[因为这仅仅是NormanCousins的想法，因此他想在自己身上做试验(anexperiment)。]14．A.talkingB．showingC．restingD．laughing答案　D　[由下文中的“Hefoundlaughingfor10minutesrelieved(减轻)the__18__forseveralhourssohecouldsleep”可知，这里指的是笑(laughing)。]15．A.mustB．couldC．shouldD．might答案　B　[由下文中的“Hereadfunnystories”可知，他租了所有他能够(could)找到的喜剧电影。]16．A.hardB．funnyC．easyD．successful答案　B　[由上文中的“allthefunnymovies”和“Hereadfunnystories”可知，这里指一些滑稽的事情。]17．A.workB．eatC．sleepD．walk答案　C　[由下文中的“relieved(减轻)the__18__forseveralhourssohecould\nsleep”可知，这里指疼痛使他难以入眠。]18．A.energyB．stressC．painD．weight答案　C　[他发现笑十分钟可减轻疼痛(pain)数小时，于是他就可以睡着了。]19．A.rescuedB．recoveredC．escapedD．learned答案　B　[依据下文中的“livedanother20happy，__20__andproductiveyears”和“laughingcontributedtohisrecovery”可知，他康复了。]20．A.painfulB．strugglingC．carefulD．healthy答案　D　[他从疾病中完全康复了，又过了快乐、健康和生命力旺盛的20年。healthy“健康的”，符合语境。]21．A.moneyB．strengthC．fameD．time答案　D　[由下文中的“Theysayitissomethingtoenjoyonlyattimes”可知，有些人认为笑是浪费时间。]22．A.InfactB．IncaseC．IntimeD．Inshort答案　A　[事实上(Infact)，笑对我们的健康和活力是必要和非常重要的。]23．A.goodB．illC．wellD．energetic答案　C　[依据句中的“Ifwe'renotwell”可知，此处应用well，表示“健康的”。]24．A.stayB．leaveC．dropD．change答案　A　[如果我们健康，笑帮助我们保持下去。stay在本句中是系动词，表示“保持某种状态”。]25．A.pressureB．questionC．adviceD．effect答案　D　[科学研究表明，笑对身体、心智与情感有医疗效果。haveaneffecton是固定短语，表示“对……有影响/作用”。]26．A.ignoreB．refuseC．considerD．receive答案　C　[如果你喜欢笑，把它当作医学建议，尽可能经常地笑吧。considersth(tobe)＋名词/形容词表示“认为……是”。]\n27．A.howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．whenever答案　B　[使用任何令你发笑的东西，比如电影、唱片、书籍、漫画、笑话等。该空所填词既在主句中作Use的宾语，又在从句中作主语，故选whatever。]28．A.wonderfulB．strangeC．friendlyD．wrong答案　B　[你周围的人可能认为你是奇怪的(strange)，但是迟早他们会加入你，即使他们不知道你在笑什么。]Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Whyispinkorpurpleforgirlsandblueorbrownforboys？Theanswerdependslargely__29__culturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.People's__30__(choose)ofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies'reactionstowardthem.Greenissaidtobethemostrestful(宁静的)__31__．Ithastheabilitytoreducepainandrelaxpeoplebothmentallyandphysically.People__32__(work)ingreenenvironmenthavebeenfoundtohave__33__stomachaches.TotheEgyptians，greenwasacolor__34__representedthehopeandjoyofspring.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.DuringtheSpringFestivalinChina，children__35__(give)moneyinaredenvelopetobringgoodfortuneintheNewYear.Redcanalsocauseaperson'sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople'sappetites(胃口)．Manydecoratorswillincludedifferentshadesofredintherestaurant.__36__(similar)，manycommercialwebsiteswillhaveared“BuyNow”buttonbecauseredisacolorthateasilycatchesaperson'seye.Formanynations，blueisasymbolofprotectionandreligiousbeliefs.Greekpeopleoftenwearabluenecklace，hopingtoprotect__37__againstevils(邪恶)．Blueisanothercalmingcolor.Unlikered，blueisbelievedtocausepeopletoloseappetite.So__38__youwanttoeatless，somesuggestthateatingfromblueplatescanhelp.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。这是一篇有关颜色文化的文章。在不同的文化中，各种颜色都会有不同的含义、功能和作用。为什么女孩子喜欢粉红色和紫色？而男孩则喜欢蓝色和棕色呢？\n29．on　[考查介词。根据语境和空格前后的结构关系分析，句意：答案在很大程度上取决于文化价值观和个人的经历。故空格填入介词on，dependon“取决于，受……的影响”，符合语境。]30．choice　[考查名词。根据上文的名词所有格people's和下文的ofcolors限定分析，此空该填入动词choose的名词形式choice。]31．color　[考查名词。与上文的Greenissaidtobe...形成对接，即“据说绿色是最为宁静的颜色”，故填入名词color。]32．working　[考查现在分词。根据句子结构分析，该句的主语是People，谓语动词即为havebeenfoundtohave，故空格部分至ingreenenvironment是后置定语，修饰people。又根据people与work的主谓关系分析，此处填入现在分词。]33．fewer　[考查形容词比较等级。根据上文“Ithastheabilitytoreducepain”可知，在绿色环境中工作的人比在其他环境中工作的人得胃病的几率更小。]34．that/which　[考查关系代词。根据句子结构分析，greenwasacolor即为主句，则后面的部分为定语从句，且该定语从句中缺少指物的主语，故用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。]35．aregiven　[考查语态。根据语境分析，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语children与动词give存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，再结合前后句的谓语动词分析，此句也用一般现在时。故填入一般现在时的被动语态，即aregiven。]36．Similarly　[考查副词。根据该空所处句首位置和后面的逗号分析，此处应是副词作状语，故填入形容词similar的副词形式similarly，且单词首字母必须大写。]37．themselves　[考查反身代词。根据上下文语境分析该句句意：希腊人常佩戴蓝色项链，希望保护自己远离邪恶。故填入与Greekpeople吻合的反身代词themselves。]38．if　[考查连词。根据下文somesuggestthateatingfromblueplatesshouldhelp分析：如果你想吃得更少些，人们就会建议你从蓝色的碟子中取食，(这)会有用。故用if引导条件状语从句。]Ⅳ.短文改错下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。\n注意：1.每句不超过两个错误；2．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；3．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·成都一诊)ThreeweeksagoIboughttheelectronicdictionaryatashop.ButIhadn'tuseditforseveraldaybeforeIfounditdidn'twork.SoIwenttotheshop，butonlytobetoldthattheproblemcouldnotbesolvedunlessitwassentbackthefactorywhereitwasmade.ThenIdidasIwastoldwithanydelay.Unfortunately，thefactorypromisedtorepairthedictionaryandsentitbackinaweek.Twoweekshaspast，butIhaven'tyetreceivedone.Ihavenoideawhythingsarelikethis.I'mlookingforwardtoreceivemydictionaryassoonaspossible.答案　ThreeweeksagoIboughtelectronicdictionaryatashop.ButIhadn'tuseditforseveralbeforeIfounditdidn'twork.SoIwenttotheshop，onlytobetoldthattheproblemcouldnotbesolvedunlessitwassentbackthefactorywhereitwasmade.ThenIdidasIwastoldanydelay.，thefactorypromisedtorepairthedictionaryanditbackinaweek.Twoweekshas，butIhaven'tyetreceived.Ihavenoideawhythingsarelikethis.I'mlookingforwardtomydictionaryassoonaspossible.