第1练　阅读＋完形＋语法填空Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：记叙文　话题：教育　词数：298　时间：5′Ebola(埃博拉病毒)hasstruckhardinSierraLeone(塞拉利昂共和国)．Morethanonemillionchildrenhavebeenunabletoattendschoolbecausethespreadofthediseaseissofast.Butclassesarenowbroadcaston41radiostations.Theeducationalprogramsareairingthreehoursdaily，fivedaysaweek.Inthecountry'scapital，Freetown，17－year－oldstudentDorisAnsumanasaysradiobroadcastshavemadeabigchangefromherusualdaysatschool.Shesayslifehasbecometiresome—notinteresting.Shemissesthesociallife.Shemissesgoingtoschoolandseeingotherstudents.Shenotes，however，thatothersdonothavethechancetostudybecausetheyhavetowork.Herfatherexpressesconcernaboutotheryoungstudentsbecausemanyarebeingforcedintolaborinsteadofstudy.Hesayssomestudentsaresellingthingsbecausetheydonothavemoneytogotoschool.BrimaMichaelTuray，directorfortheMinistryofEducation，ScienceandTechnology，saystheideal(理想的)goalistohavethebroadcaststakeplacefromeleveninthemorninguntilfiveintheafternoon.Hesaystheministryworkedhardtogetteachers'opinionsandadviceforthebroadcasts.Hesaysparentsmustunderstandthattheministrycannotcontinuallyprotecttheirchildren.“Thishastobeoneoftheirgreatestresponsibilities.”Thebroadcaststeachandcomfortchildren.TheytellchildrenthattheyarenotaloneintheEbolacrisis(危机)．Mr.Turaysaysthebroadcastsalsoadvisechildrenonhowtoprotectthemselvesandothers.“Washyourhands.Dothisanddothat，soyoudon'tenduplosingyourlifeorlosingafamilymemberandallofthat.”TheEducation，ScienceandTechnologyMinistrywillcontinuetopresentmoreprograms.Ithasalsoplannedtobringsolar－poweredradiostoareasofSierraLeonewithoutelectricity.\n【语篇解读】　因为埃博拉病毒的传播，塞拉利昂共和国的孩子们现在开始通过无线广播学习。1．WhatisthereasonwhysomanychildreninSierraLeonecan'tattendschool?A．Theycan'taffordtheschoolfees.B．Ebolaspreadsinthecountry.C．Therearenotenoughschools.D．Theyhavetoworkonthefarms.答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“EbolahasstruckhardinSierraLeone.Morethanonemillionchildrenhavebeenunabletoattendschool.”可知，塞拉利昂共和国的孩子们不能上学是因为埃博拉病毒在国内的传播。]2．HowdochildreninSierraLeonegetknowledgenow?A．Throughradiobroadcasts.B．Byteachingthemselvesathome.C．Bylearningfromtheirparents.D．ThroughtelevisionsandtheInternet.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Butclassesarenowbroadcaston41radiostations.”可知，现在孩子们通过无线广播上课。]3．WhatdoesDorisAnsumanafeelaboutherlifenowadays?A．Worried.B．Cheerful.C．Happy.D．Bored.答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Shesayslifehasbecometiresome—notinteresting.”可知，DorisAnsumana觉得现在的生活很无聊。]4．AccordingtoBrimaMichaelTuray，________．A．thebroadcastsdon'tneedteachers'helpB．theministrycan'tprotectthechildrenanylongerC．thebroadcastsareexpectedtolast6hourseverydayD．thebroadcastsdobetterthanteachersinsomesubjects答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“BrimaMichaelTuray...saystheidealgoalistohavethebroadcaststakeplacefromeleveninthemorninguntilfiveintheafternoon.”可知，BrimaMichaelTuray说理想目标是每天从上午十一点到下午五点进行广播，也就是每天广播六个小时。]\nB体裁：说明文　话题：保护环境　词数：369　时间：6′Imaginebeingtoldnottodrink，shower，orbrushyourteethwithtapwater.That'swhathappenedtopeopleofToledo，Ohio，andpartsofMichiganaftertapwatercomingfromLakeEriewasfoundtobeunsafe.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewereaffected.Asatemporarysolution，bottledwaterwastruckedintotheareaandtheOhioNationalGuardwaspurifying(净化)waterforpeople.ButbyMondaymorning，thebanhadbeenremoved.“Ourwaterissafe，”saidToledomayorD．MichaelCollins.“Familiescanreturntonormallife.”Toreassurepeople，hetookasipfromaglassofthecity'stapwater.ToledoisOhio'sfourthlargestcity.Newsaboutthewaterbancameaftertestsatonewater－treatmentplantshowedhighlevelsofthetoxinmicrocystin(微囊藻毒素)．Algae(藻类)causedthetoxin.Followingthewarning，OhioGovernorJohnKasichdeclaredastateofemergency.Drinkingthecontaminatedwatercouldcausevomiting，cramps，andrashes(呕吐、腹部绞痛和疹)．Totrytosolvetheproblem，cityofficialsaddedcarbonandchlorine(氯)tothewater.TestresultsonSundayshowedthatthetoxinshadprobablyreachedasafelevel，butMayorCollinssaidtwotestshadcomeback“toocloseforcomfort”．Itwasn'tuntilMondaythatthemayorannouncedthatsixnewwatersampleshadcomebackcleanandsafetodrink.Tapwateraccountsfortwo－thirdsofthedrinkingwaterconsumedinhomesacrosstheUS.Officialstestthequalityofthewatertomakesureitishealthyforpeopletodrink.DuringtheemergencyinOhioandMichigan，officialsbegantotalkabouthowtostoppollutantsfrompollutingLakeErie.Thelakesuppliesdrinkingwaterto11millionpeopleandthetoxinsthatpollutedtheregion'sdrinkingwaterdidn'tjustsuddenlyappear.ToledomayorD．MichaelCollinssaidthat，goingforward，scientistsandpoliticalleadersneedtocometogetherandfigureouthowtosolvethealgaeprobleminLakeErie.\n【语篇解读】　由于伊利湖受到污染，周边城市居民饮用水的安全受到了影响。5．HowmanystateswereaffectedbywaterfromLakeErie?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段“That'swhathappenedtopeopleofToledo，Ohio，andpartsofMichiganaftertapwatercomingfromLakeEriewasfoundtobeunsafe.”可知，俄亥俄州托莱多城和密歇根州的部分地区都因为伊利湖水不安全而受到影响。]6．D.MichaelCollinsdrankthecity'stapwaterjustto________．A．compareitwithpurifiedwaterB．showitwasdangeroustodrinkC．actasatemporarysolutionD．showitwassafetodrink答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第二段“‘Familiescanreturntonormallife.’Toreassurepeople，hetookasipfromaglassofthecity'stapwater.”可推知，柯林斯市长之所以喝自来水，是为了证明自来水已经可以安全饮用，以此来打消人们的顾虑。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminated”inParagraph3mean?A．Polluted.B．Clean.C．Dirty.D．Improved.答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Newsaboutthewaterbancameaftertestsatonewater－treatmentplantshowedhighlevelsofthetoxinmicrocystin.”可知，禁水令开始于一水处理厂的测试显示水中超标的微囊藻毒素。再根据画线词下文“causevomiting，cramps，andrashes”可知，饮用后会导致呕吐、腹部绞痛和疹。由此可猜出画线词的含义。]8．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A．Thetestsonaddingchlorinetothewater.B．Themeasuresthecityofficialstook.C．Thebansthecityofficialsmade.D．MayorCollins'opiniononsolvingthepollutionproblem.\n答案　B　[段落大意题。第四段谈到：为了解决问题，市政官员向水中加碳和氯。接下来又谈到了几次水的检测。由此可知，本段主要谈论了市政官员处理水危机而采取的措施。]Ⅱ.完形填空体裁：记叙文　话题：励志教育　词数：300　时间：18′OneOctobermorning，theskywasclearandthesunwasshining.BethanyHamiltondecidedtogo__9__withsomefriendsinHawaii.Asoneofthebestteenagesurfersintheworld，the13－year－oldAmericangirlwasplanningtobecomea__10__surfer.Cheerfully，shewaslyingonhersurfboard，waitingforthenextbigwave.Suddenly，abigshark__11__herleftarmandshookherbackwardsandforwards.Bethanyheldontoherboardandthesharkeventuallyswamaway—butittookher__12__awaywithit.__13__，itattackedonlyonce.Ithappenedsofastthatshedidn'teven__14__．AsBethanystartedtoswimbacktothebeachwithonearm，herfriendsthoughtshewasjoking.Buttotheirhorror，theysawthe__15__andrushedtohelp.Havinglostalmosthalftheblood，Bethany's__16__wasamiracle(奇迹)，accordingtodoctors.Butshewantedtodo__17__justsurvive.“ItnevercrossedmymindthatImightnevergetonasurfboardagain，”sherecalledlater，“IwonderedwhetherIwouldactuallybe__18__todoitornot.But__19__Ilefthospital，IhaddecidedthatIwasgoingtosurf.”Withthesupportofherfamily，Bethany__20__togetbackonherboardonlyonemonthaftertheattack.Herdadfixedahandleonhersurfboardtohelpherpaddle(划水)throughandintowaves.WhenshereturnedtosurfingatacompetitioninHawaii，Bethanywas__21__indangerouswavesthatbrokehersurfboard.Asaresult，shegaveawayherremainingboardsandquit.Shetriedusinganartificialarm，butitturnedouttobe__22__whilesurfing.After__23__inThailandinthe2022earthquakeandhelpinghomelesssurvivorswhohadlosteverything，Bethany__24__herdecisiontogiveupthesportshelovedand__25__totryprofessionalsurfingagain.Lessthanayearaftertheaccident，she\nwonfirstplaceinasurfingcompetitioninHawaii.Andallherstrugglesandefforts__26__whenshewoninaworldchampionshipyearslater.Shealsoreceivedseveral__27__，includingaspecialawardforcourageattheMTVTeenChoiceAwardsin2022andtheWomanoftheYearawardfromKingFahdofSaudiArabiain2022.Her__28__，truestorygainedwiderattentionwiththerelease(发行)ofthefilmSoulSurfer.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是冲浪女孩BethanyHamilton在一次冲浪中，突然遭到一头凶猛的鲨鱼的攻击，左臂被咬掉。在经历了几次尝试后，她曾经一度放弃梦想，但是在参加了一次志愿活动之后，又决心为梦想而奋斗，最终她的努力得到了回报。9．A.swimmingB．boatingC．sailingD．surfing答案　D　[根据第二段第一句中的“thebestteenagesurfersintheworld”可知，Bethany应该是去冲浪。故选D。]10．A.professionalB．freeC．dreamD．special答案　A　[根据倒数第二段第一句中的“totryprofessionalsurfingagain”可知，她的梦想是当一名专业的冲浪手。故选A。]11．A.touchedB．struckC．bitD．took答案　C　[根据上下文情景可知，鲨鱼应该是“咬”住Bethany的胳膊。故选C。]12．A.armB．surfboardC．friendD．hand答案　A　[根据第三段第一句可知，她用一条胳膊往回游，是因为另一条胳膊被鲨鱼咬掉了。故选A。]13．A.StrangelyB．EspeciallyC．SurprisinglyD．Fortunately答案　D　[根据空格前后的语境可知，鲨鱼只攻击了她一次，所以她应该是幸运的，如果鲨鱼再次攻击，她可能会有生命危险。故选D。]14．A.thinkB．fightC．screamD．escape答案　C　[根据上文内容可知，鲨鱼攻击速度之快，她甚至连呼救的机会都没有。\nA项意为“思考”；B项意为“战斗，打”；C项意为“呼喊，呼救”；D项意为“逃跑，逃脱”。故选C。]15．A.sharkB．bloodC．attackD．scene答案　B　[根据下文“Havinglostalmosthalftheblood”可知，她的朋友本以为她在开玩笑，但看到她流血后才匆忙赶去营救。故选B。]16．A.survivalB．courageC．accidentD．injury答案　A　[根据下文内容及常识可知，在流了身体里一半的血后，BethanyHamilton能够“活下来”或“幸存下来”是一个奇迹。故选A。]17．A.ratherthanB．morethanC．betterthanD．otherthan答案　B　[根据下文内容可知，活下来并不是她唯一的念头，她还想要追求自己的冲浪梦想。B项意为“不仅仅，不只是”，符合语境。A项意为“而不是”；C项意为“好于，超过，多于”；D项意为“除了”，都与语境不符。故选B。]18．A.suitableB．luckyC．strongD．able答案　D　[根据语境可知，由于自己的身体缺陷，Bethany开始怀疑自己是否有能力再去冲浪。beabletodo...意为“能够做……”，符合语境。故选D。]19．A.whileB．afterC．beforeD．until答案　C　[根据下文“haddecided”为过去完成时可知，“decided”发生在“left”之前，因此此处应该选before，即在出院之前就已经下定决心了。故选C。]20．A.hopedB．managedC．agreedD．offered答案　B　[句意：在她家人的支持下，仅仅在受到袭击一个月后，Bethany又成功地回到了冲浪板上。managetodosth意为“设法做成某事”，符合语境。hopetodosth意为“希望做某事”；agreetodosth意为“同意做某事”；offertodosth意为“提出要做某事”，都与语境不符。故选B。]21．A.caughtB．noticedC．lostD．driven答案　A　[此处指她遭遇巨浪，帆板被冲断。becaughtin意为“遭遇……”，符合语境。故选A。]22.A.helpfulB．uselessC．wonderfulD．meaningless答案　B　[句意：她尝试用假肢，但是结果证明在冲浪时不管用。根据“but”可知，假肢不管用。故选B。]\n23．A.trainingB．settlingC．travelingD．volunteering答案　D　[根据下文中的“helpinghomelesssurvivors”可知，她是去泰国当志愿者，即自愿帮助地震中的那些无家可归的幸存者。故选D。]24．A.reconsideredB．rememberedC．recognizedD．recalled答案　A　[根据语境可知，以前她放弃了自己所热爱的运动，但是在当志愿者时帮助那些在地震中无家可归的幸存者后，她又重新考虑了这个决定。故选A。]25．A.refusedB．startedC．decidedD．continued答案　C　[句意：……她决心再次尝试专业冲浪。decidetodosth意为“决心去做某事”，符合语境。故选C。]26．A.paidoutB．paidforC．paidinD．paidoff答案　D　[根据空格后的“whenshewoninaworldchampionshipyearslater”可知，此处指她所有的努力和付出都获得了回报。payoff意为“得到好结果，得到回报或成功”，符合语境。payout意为“付出，报复”；payfor意为“为……付款”；payin意为“存款”，都与语境不符。故选D。]27．A.giftsB．honorsC．rewardsD．praises答案　B　[根据空格后的具体奖项可知，此处是说她获得的荣誉。honor意为“荣誉，光荣的事”，符合语境。故选B。]28．A.excitingB．dangerousC．inspiringD．adventurous答案　C　[根据上文内容可知，残疾女孩Bethany为梦想而努力奋斗并最终获得成功，这样真实的故事是“激励或鼓舞人心的”。故选C。]Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Tim：Hi，Susan.I'vebeenwonderingwhenI'drunintoyou.Whatareyoubusywith?Susan：Nicetomeetyouhere，Tim.I'mbuyingsomeChristmasgiftsforthose__29__workwithme，butit'sreally__30__headache.Tim：MaybeIcouldgiveyousomeadvice.Firstly，youshouldconsider__31__(divide)\nthemintodifferentgroups—whoarethepeoplethatareyourfriendsaswellasyourworkmatesandwhoarethepeopleyoudon'tknowwell__32__seeprettymuchdaily.Susan：OK，then__33__shouldIdo?Tim：Forthefriends，youcanbuy__34__somepersonalgifts.Chocolate，forexample.Susan：ThisiswhatIalwaysgive，butIknowoneofmyfriends，Mary，is__35__adiet.Tim：Doesshelikefruitorcoffee？Anyway，thinkofthegiftthatyouknowyourfriendlikes.Susan：Well，Ithinkfruitishelpfultokeep__36__(health)．Whataboutothers?Tim：Youcansendthemcards.Susan：Christmascards?Tim：Yes，youcanaffordthem.More__37__(important)，itremindsthemthatyou'rethinkingofthem.Susan：Thankyouforyoursuggestions，Tim.You__38__(help)meout.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇关于Tim建议Susan如何为她一起工作的同事买圣诞礼物的日常对话。29．who　[考查定语从句。those做先行词指代人时，只能用who。]30．a　[考查冠词。根据空格前的代词“it”可知，空格后的名词“headache”在句中表示一件令人头痛的事，为抽象名词具体化现象，因此应用不定冠词修饰。故空格处填a。]31．dividing　[考查非谓语动词。当consider作“考虑”讲时，后面通常跟动名词作其宾语，由此可知，空格处应使用提示词的动名词形式。故空格处填dividing。]32．but　[考查并列连词。空格前后两句话之间是转折关系，根据语境可知，but符合语境。故空格处填but。]33．what　[考查疑问代词。题干为特殊疑问句，且疑问词作“do”的宾语，由此结合下文语境可知，此处指的是“我接下来应该做什么？”，因此what符合语境。故空格处填what。]34．them　[考查代词。空格前的动词“buy”是关键词，根据buy的用法：buysb\nsth并结合语境可知，空格处应填代词且该代词作动词“buy”的宾语并指代前面的“thefriends”。故空格处填them。]35．on　[考查介词。空格后的名词“diet”是关键词，该词常与介词on搭配，构成固定短语onadiet，意为“节食”。故空格处填on。]36．healthy　[考查形容词。空格前的动词“keep”是系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，由此可知，空格处应使用提示词的形容词形式。故空格处填healthy。]37．importantly　[考查副词。空格处在句中作状语，作为评注性的状语修饰谓语动词或全句时，只能用副词，由此可知，空格处应使用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填importantly。]38．havehelped　[考查动词的时态。空格处在句中作谓语，结合上下文语境可知，此处表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，由此可知，空格处应使用现在完成时。故空格处填havehelped。]