第10练　阅读＋七选五＋语法填空＋书面表达Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：记叙文　话题：日常生活　词数：296　时间：6′I'moftentoldhowIhaveadreamjobthatIworkforagreatcompany，gettingtodealwiththeleadersinsocialmediaeveryday，andespeciallythatIgettoworkfrommyhome.Usuallythepeoplewhotellmethatworkingfromhomeiswonderfulhaveneverworkedfromhome.Theyspendmostoftheircareerworkingfromanofficeandhateit.Infact，Ilovebeingabletoworkfromhomeandmakemyownhours.ItrulyappreciatebeingabletodropwhatI'mdoingtoattendkidsorgoshopping，butthere'sasidetoitwedon'toftentalkabout，thehardside.Noonewantstobelievepeoplelikeme，workingfromhome，haveanythingtocomplainabout.Really，I'mnotgoingtocomplain，butIdowanttoshareafewthingsabouttelecommuting(远程办公)thatfewhome－basedpeoplewanttotellyou，becauseworkingfromhomedoesn'tlooksowonderful.OneofthereasonsIlovemyjobistheflexibility.IknowthatIcanvolunteerforschoolprojects，meetfriendsforlunchandworkoutforanhouraslongasIgetmyworkdone.Butdidyouknowtelecommutershavetomakeupthetimeiftheywishtopeppertheirdayswithfundistractions？Sowhilemyhusbandandkidsarewatchingamovie，I'mworkinguntilmidnight.Besides，whenyouworkfromhome，you'reheldtoyourphoneandSkype(网络电话)incasesomeonewantstotalktoyouduringbusinesshours.Soit'snotsoeasytobeflexible!【语篇解读】　在家工作是许多在办公室工作的人梦想的事情，但在家工作并非人们想象中的那么美好、灵活。1．Welearnfromthepassagethatthewriter________．A．isquitesatisfiedwithherpresentworkB．canbalanceherworkandfamilylifewell\nC．complainsaboutthedisadvantagesofworkingfromofficeD．presentssomeunknownfactsofworkingfromhome答案　D　[推理判断题。文章第三段告诉我们：事实上，“我”不打算抱怨，但“我”想分享一些在家工作的不为人知的事情，故选D项。]2．Thelastparagraphmainlytellsusthat________．A．telecommutersarenotasflexibleasyouthinkB．you'reusuallyaslavetoyourselfC．thewritercanalwaysmakefulluseofthefreedomD．thewriterisalwaysbusywithherwork答案　A　[主旨大意题。由最后一段内容，尤其是最后一句可知选A项。]3．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________．A．eastorwest，homeworkingisthebestB．freedomshouldalwayscomebeforeworkC．getworkdone，oryou'llhavenofreedomD．allworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy答案　C　[推理判断题。由本文内容可知，在家工作确实方便，但仍然要以做好工作为前提，故选C项。]4．Whoisthepassagemainlyintendedfor?A．Telecommuters.B．Officeworkers.C．Jobhunters.D．Researchers.答案　B　[推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知，许多在办公室工作的人觉得在家工作是很美好的，作者就此谈了自己对在家工作的感受。]B体裁：议论文　话题：自我推销　词数：307　时间：7′AccordingtoarecentarticleinTheWallStreetJournal，wemightallbebraggarts(大话王)inthiscompetitivesocietyaddictedtosocialnetworking.Takeacloselookatyoursocial－networkingsites.Doyouliketopostphotosofyourselfinrestaurantstoshowotherswhatanexcitinglifeyouhave？Ordoyouliketowriteabouthowhappilyinloveyouare？Orperhapsyouareofthesubtletypewhoconstantlycomplainaboutjobsbutreallyjustwanttoimpressotherswith\nyourimportantposition.AccordingtotheresultsofaseriesofexperimentsconductedbyHarvardUniversityneuroscientists(神经科学家)，therewardareasofourbrain—thesameareasthatrespondto“primaryrewards”suchasfood—areactivatedwhenwetalkaboutourselves.Wedevotebetween30to40percentofourconversationtimetodoingjustthat.Unfortunately，ElizabethBernstein，acolumnistwithTheWallStreetJournal，says，somepeoplecan'ttellthedifferencebetweensharingpositiveinformationthatothersmightactuallywanttoknowanddirectbragging.Shesuggeststhatbragginginvolvescomparison，whetherstatedorimplied.“Weareexpectedtobeperfectallthetime.Theresultisthatmoreandmorepeoplearecarefullymanagingtheironlineimages，”saysElizabethBernstein.ButtheissueisnotlimitedtotheInternet.Inafiercelycompetitivejobmarketwemustsellourselvesonmultipleplatformsandshowthatwearebetterthanothers.Infact，wehavebecomesoaccustomedtobraggingthatwedon'tevenrealizewearedoingit，accordingtoBernstein.Thisisharmfultoourrelationshipsandputspeopleoff.Bernsteintalkedtosomeexpertswhosaidthatpeoplebragforallsortsofreasons：toappearworthyofattention；toprovetoourselveswearedoingfineandthatpeoplewhosaidwewouldfailarewrong；orsimplybecausewe'reexcitedwhengoodthingshappentous.“Feelsorryforthem，becausethey'redoingthisunconscious，destructivethingthatwon'thelptheminthelongrun，”saidProfessorSimianValier，aresearchpsychologistatWashingtonUniversity.【语篇解读】　这是一篇议论文。生活中，大话王最讨人嫌，可是不知不觉间，我们竟然开始用夸张的语言打造自己的形象。在疯狂吹嘘的背后，其实是一种自我营销，但是长远来看，这种方式对人们没有太大帮助。5．Theunderlinedword“subtle”inPara.2isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．hiddenB．apparentC．outstandingD．simple\n答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的．..butreallyjustwanttoimpressotherswithyourimportantposition.可知此单词意为“隐藏的，暗暗的，不明显的”。]6．Whichofthefollowingisoneofthefeaturesofbraggarts?A．Theycontrolconversationandonlytalkaboutthemselves.B．Theyknowwellhowtosharepositiveinformation.C．Theyself－promotetostandoutintheircareer.D．Theydon'tpaymuchattentiontotheironlineimage.答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Inafiercelycompetitivejobmarketwemustsellourselvesonmultipleplatformsandshowthatwearebetterthanothers.可知，在激烈的职场中，我们必须在多个平台推销自己来证明我们比别人更优秀。]7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Braggartsmakeagoodfirstimpressionbuttheeffectdecreasesovertime.B．Peoplewholikebraggingknowwhattheyaredoing.C．Braggartsalwaysadoptcomparisondirectlytoshowtheyareexcellent.D．Theycaremuchaboutthefeelingsofotherswhentalking.答案　A　[推理判断题。根据五段最后一句Thisisharmfultoourrelationshipsandputspeopleoff.及最后一段的．..they'redoingthisunconscious，destructivethingthatwon'thelpthem...可知答案为A项。]8．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AreYouaBraggart?B．SocietyAddictedtoNetworkingC．WhydoWeKeeponBragging?D．HowtoDealwithaBraggart?答案　A　[主旨大意题。本文作者首先指出生活中我们可能都是社交网络大话王，同时指出吹牛这个问题不仅存在于互联网，也在职场中存在，并分析其原因，加以评论。所以A项正确。C项为强干扰项，但细读文章发现，C项只是全文内容的一部分。]Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Americansusemanyexpressionswiththeword“dog”．PeopleintheUnitedStateslovetheirdogsandtreatthemwell.__9__However，dogswithoutownerstocarefor\nthemleadadifferentkindoflife.Theexpression，toleadadog'slife，describesapersonwhohasanunhappyexistence.Somepeoplesayweliveinadog－eat－dogworld.__10__Theysaythattobesuccessful，apersonhastoworklikeadog.Thismeanstheyhavetoworkvery，veryhard.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledog－tired.And，thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.__11__Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.Tobesuccessful，peopleoftenhavetolearnnewskills.Yet，somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.__12__Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.Junkyarddogsliveinplaceswherepeoplethrowawaythingstheydonotwant.Meandogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.Theybarkorattackpeoplewhotrytoentertheproperty.However，sometimesapersonwhoappearstobemeanandthreateningisreallynotsobad.Wesayhisbarkisworsethanhisbite.Dogexpressionsarealsousedtodescribetheweather.Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.Arainstormmaycooltheweather.Butwedonotwantittoraintoohard.__13__A．Still，peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.B．Wedonotwantittoraincatsanddogs.C．Somepeoplearecomparedtodogsinbadways.D．Dogsaretheirbestfriendsandtheyareloyaltopeople.E．Therearemanyotherexpressionswaitingforyoutoexplore.F．Thatmeansmanypeoplearecompetingforthesamethings，likegoodjobs.G．Theytaketheirdogsforwalks，letthemplayoutsideandgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些与dog相关的俗语。9．G　[根据空格前一句内容可知，美国人喜爱而且善待狗，故选G项，即举例说明美国人的待狗之道。此题易错选D项。狗的忠诚与上下文毫无关系。]\n10．F　[根据篇章结构，每提出一个新的俗语，下文便有文字对前面的俗语进行解释。故此处选用作解释的内容最为合适。故选F项。]11．A　[空格后的内容正是对选项的解释，故选A项。]12．C　[根据空格后一句，那些不友好、不关心他人的人通常被描述成meanerthanajunkyarddog可知，本段应该是用dog的短语来比喻不好的人。故选C项。]13．B　[根据空格前提到的rain可知，只有B项与此有关。]Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Althoughitcouldnotcompetewiththespeedofemailtoday，the1800'sexperiencedarevolutionincommunicationthatplayedanimportantroleincreatingthetraditionoftheChristmasgreetingcard.__14__(help)bythenewrailwaysystem，thepublicpostalservicemadecorrespondingapopularpastime.InEngland，SirHenryColerecognizedtheadvantageof__15__moreefficientmailserviceandinitiated(开始)thepracticeofsendingChristmasgreetingcards__16__friends.Thefirstcard__17__(design)byJ．C.Horsleyasacommercialendeavor(尝试，努力)．OnethousandcopiesweresoldinLondon，__18__soonothersfollowedsuit.AnEnglish__19__(art)，WilliamEgley，producedapopularcardin1849.LouisPrang，aGerman－bornprinter，workingfrom__20__shopinMassachusetts，printedhisfirstAmericancardsin1875.Evenmore__21__(importance)thanhisprintingwasthefact__22__hedidmorethananyoneelsetopopularizethecardsbyinstitutingnationwidecontestsforthebestChristmasdesigns，__23__wereawardedcashprizes.【语篇解读】　虽然不能与今天的电子邮件的速度相比，但经历了19世纪的通信革命后，圣诞贺卡成为节日问候的传统方式。14．Helped　[主语thepublicpostalservice与help之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。]15．a　[此处泛指“一种更高效的邮政服务”，因此用不定冠词a。]16．to　[sendsthtosb意为“把某物寄给某人”，为固定搭配。]17．wasdesigned　[根据by及句意可知用被动语态；叙述过去的事用一般过去时。]18．and　[两句之间为顺承关系，所以用and连接。]19．artist　[从后面的同位语WilliamEgley及前面的an可知应填与art有关的人，即artist。]\n20．his　[从后面的hisfirstAmericancards可知答案。]21．important　[根据evenmore...than及句意可知此处用形容词。]22．that　[同位语从句中不缺成分，故用that作引导词。]23．which　[根据句意及句子结构可知用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词designs，并在从句中作主语。]Ⅳ.书面表达假如你是李明，目前正在英国学习，你在网上看到某宠物收容中心(DogsTrust)正在招募志愿者，请根据以下招聘信息，给中心负责人JohnSmith写一封申请信。*10hoursperweek*Workingtime：July1—August30，2022*ProvidedailycareforthedogsAssisttrainingclasses*Toapply：pleaseemailorpostacoveringletter(statingwhyyouwouldbesuitable)toJohnSmith，DogsTrust，17WakleyStreet，London注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2．词数100左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearJohnSmith，IamLiMing，nowastudentinBritain.IamwritingtoyouastothevolunteeringworkinDogsTrust.I'vejustreadaboutanoticeontheInternet，sayingyouneedsomevolunteersduringthesummervacation.IhopeIcanhelpwithyourwork.Totellthetruth，IhavelovedtotakecareofdogssinceIwasachild，soIwishtobeofferedthechance.MysummervacationisfromJune28toAugust30，2022，andeverydayIcanspendmorethantwohoursinthecentertoattendthedogsorassistthetrainingclasses.Ithinkthetimewiththelovelydogsiswonderful.Meanwhile，byvolunteeringIcangainworkexperienceandconfidencewhendealingwithproblems.\nI'dappreciateitifyoucouldletmeworkforyourDogsTrust.Andhopetohearfromyouprettysoon.Allthebest.Yoursever，LiMing