高中英语人教版必修3课件:《Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note》period 2
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2023-02-10 19:15:14
45页
TheMillionPoundBankNotePeriodtwo,LearningaboutLanguage,WarmingUp,Preparefor“discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions”onpage20.AnswerkeysforEx.1:1.fault2.permit3.author4.seek5.envelope6.birthplace7.businessman8.adventure9.patience10.scene11.pavement12.novel,Checkinganswer–II(2m)AnswerkeysforEx.2:NumberWordDefinitions1wanderAwalkslowlywithoutacleardirectionBstoppayingattention1accountAarecordBanarrangementwhatthebankkeepsyourmoney3faultAamistakeBsomethingthatiswrongwithamachine4spotAparticularplaceorareaBasmallmarkonsomethingCfind5passageAlongnarrowareawithwallsonbothsidesBfareCmovementofpeopleorcarsalongaroad,Checkinganswer–III(2m)AnswerkeysforEx.3:byaccident,brought,up,Tobebones,goahead,patience2.permit,onthecontrary,fault,accountedfor,GrammarNounclausesastheobjectandpredicative名词性从句宾语从句表语从句Presentation,名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。1.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that,if,whether;连接代词who,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。,TheObjectClausee.g.Ithink(that)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.2)Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedhowmanybabiesshehaddelivered.3)Doyouknowwho/whomJackwasspeakingto?4)Heaskedwhosecaritwas.5)Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid.6)Pleasetellmewhentheearthquaketookplace.7)WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?,TheObjectClause做动词的宾语(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后:e.g.Hedoesn'tknowwherethepostofficeis.(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语:e.g.HetoldmewhatIshouldread.,(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语,要使用形式宾语it而将从句放到补足语后面;e.g.Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme.我觉得奇怪:他没给我打电话。(4)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后的宾语从句中,如果从句谓语是否定含义,则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式;e.g.Idon’tthinkyouareright.我想你是不对的。,(5)在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动词以及I’mafraid等后,可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句,还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句:e.g.一Doyoubelieveitwillclearup?你认为天气会转晴吗?一Ibelieveso.我认为会这样。Idon'tbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)我认为不会这样。,(1)一般情况下,宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;e.g.Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework?(2)that引导的宾语从句只有在except,in,but,besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到;e.g.Yourarticleisallrightexceptthatitistoolong.(3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it;e.g.I’llseetoitthateverythingisready.做介词的宾语,3.what,which,who,whom,whose引导的表语从句连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外,还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语,且各有各的词义。e.g.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.,ThePredicativeClausethat引导的表语从句that仅起连接作用,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinfourwilldiefromsmoking.2.whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用,意为“是否、究竟、到底”(注意:if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherwhatmanwillturnupintime.2.表语从句-在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。,4.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语,本身具有词义。e.g.That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.,5.其他连词asif,because,as,asthough引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面,常用虚拟语气,表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.Myangerisbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.,Exercises,1.Goandgetyourcoat.It's_______youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that3.Hemadeapromise_______hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which4.Iremember_______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what5.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverBBCBBPractice–choosing(10m),高考链接1.—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?—Oh,that‘s_______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcitedA解析:这是由what引导的一个表语从句,在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,2.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是"这就是你离开的原因吗?"。故答案为A。A,3.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’s_______ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成"Ittakessth.todosth."的句型。答案为A。A,4.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是"永远给予他人他确实想要的东西"。故答案为A。A,非谓语动词的用法区别,非谓语动词的用法区别动词不定式与动名词动词不定式与分词动名词与现在分词现在分词与过去分词其它情况,一、动词不定式与动名词从结构上看,两者不同之处有:动名词前可用介词,它还可以被名词所有格(或代词)修饰;不定式前通常不用介词,更不能被名词所有格(或代词)修饰。在实际应用中,有下列各点值得注意:,1.作主语或表语时一般说来,在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词;在表示具体的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。Smokingisnotallowedhere.(表习惯、爱好、或抽象的动作、经常做的事情。)Tosmokesomuchisnotgoodforyou.(表具体的、一次性动作、要做的事情。)Theirjogisbuildinghouses.(抽象、经常的动作)Theirworkistobuildanotherbridgeacrosstheriver.(具体、要做的动作),2.作宾语时1)动名词可作动词和介词的宾语2)动词不定式一般作动词的宾语,疑问词+todo可作介词的宾语。Theypreferredwalkingtoschooltocycling.Theypreferredtostayathomeratherthangooutinsuchhotweather.OurEnglishteacheroftengivesussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.,1)作动词宾语时,两种结构在意义上有时差别不大,这样的动词有:like,hate,prefer,begin,start,continue,intend,attempt,propose,deserve,need,can’tbear,等。Doyoulikeplaying(toplay)chess?Whendidyoubeginlearning(tolearn)English?Yoursuitneedsironing(tobeironed).,注意【1】在like,hate,prefer等动词之后,如果表示一般倾向,多用动名词作宾语;如指特定的或某次行动,则用不定式更多一些。Ilikereadingbooksofthiskind,butIdon’tliketoreadthatbook.Shepreferwalkingtocycling.Iprefertostayathometoday.,注意【2】在begin,start,cease后,如果表示有意识地开始(停止)做某事,多用动名词;如果动作自动或突然开始(停止),则多用不定式。Hebegantalkingabouthisplanforsummerholiday.Suddenlyitbegantorain.Westartedworkingontheprogramin2001.Thefactoryhasceasedmakingmotorcycles.Afterthatsheceasedtoworryaboutherdaughter.,2)作动词宾语时,两种结构在意义上有时差别很大,这样的动词有:remember,forget,regret,stop,mean,try,等。remember/forget/regret+v-ing表已经发生的动作,remember/forget/regret+v-ing表动作还没有发生。meandoing意思是……;意味着……meantodo意欲,打算要做……stoptodo停下来要做……stopdoing停止正在做的动作trydoing试着做……trytodosth.试图做……,3)在动词want,require,need,等后◎动词不定式(短语)作宾语时,用人作主语;◎动名词作宾语时(=tobedone),用物作主语。Someoneneedstoseeyou,sir.Thewallneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).Iwanttogotothebarber’sbecausemyhairwantscutting(=tobecut).,4)动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的用途,常常放在所修饰名词之前;而动词不定式作定语表未发生的动作,常常放在所修饰名词之后。Wehavevariouskindsofclothesforyoutochoosefrom.Hisattempttosolvethedifficultproblemfailedagain.Thesepassagesmaybeusedaslisteningmaterials.MrWangsuffersfrominsomnia,hehastotakeasleepingtabletsbeforegoingtobed.,二、动词不定式与分词一般说来,动词不定式表主动、将来;现在分词 表主动、进行;过去分词 表被动、完成。,一、动词不定式与分词作宾补的区别在see,hear,notice等感官动词和have等使役动词之后,既可用分词也可用不定式构成复合宾语。区别是:1)作现在分词时,表示动作正在进行发生,其含义相当于进行时态;2)用不定式表示动作已经发生,动作的过程已经结束;3)用过去分词表示一个被动动作。Isawhimgoupstairs.(动作全过程)Isawhimgoingupstairs.(动作正在进行)-Don’thavemewaitingforyououtside?-Iwon’t.Ijusthavemyhaircut.,三、动名词与现在分词动名词与现在分词同形(v-ing),但是,两者有各自的语法名称和作用:1)当v-ing形式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时,被称为动名词。2)当v-ing形式在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语、定语时,被称为现在分词。可见,二者都可以作表语和定语。,(一)作表语时的区别1、现在分词作表语表示主语的特征或属性;2、动名词作表语表示主语的内容、功能等。Thenewsisexciting.(现在分词表特征)Herworkisnursingchildren.(动名词表内容)HerfavoritejobisteachingEnglish.动名词表内容)Thestorysoundsinteresting.(现在分词表特征),(二)作定语时的区别1、动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的作用、用途等,常常放在所修饰名词之前;2、现在分词作定语表示它所修饰的名词的动作,被修饰名词与现在分词在逻辑上是主谓关系,说明所修饰的词、所代表的人或物所做的动作或特征;单个分词作定语,位于所修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。1.flyingfish=fishwhichcanfly飞鱼 (现在分词)2.flyingsuit=suitforflying飞行衣 (动名词),四、现在分词与过去分词两者之间的区别主要体现在时态和语态上:(1)在时态上:现在分词表示正在进行,而过去分词表示已经完成。(2)在语态上:现在分词表示主动;而过去分词表示被动。总之,现在分词表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成。在句法功能上它们都可以作定语、表语、状语和宾补,它们的具体区别如下:,1、作定语时1.现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作,或表示经常性的动作,或现在(或当时)的状态;2.过去分词作定语时,过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,也可以是没有一定的时间性。Themeetingheldlastweekisveryimportant.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakesomuchnoise.Theylivedinaroomfacing(=thatfaced)thesouth.Ihatetoseeletterswritteninpencil.,2、作表语时现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性;过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人……的”,过去分词表示“感到……”.常见的分词有:amazed/amazing,excited/exciting,bored/boring,annoyed/annoying,interested/interesting,pleased/pleasing,tired/tiring,surprised/surprising,worried/worrying,satisfied/satisfying,amused/amusingThenewswasexciting.Heappearedsatisfiedwithmyanswer.,3、作宾语补足语时现在分词与句子的宾语是主动关系,它所表示的动作往往正在进行;过去分词与句子的宾语是被动关系,它所表示的动作往往已经完成。Ifoundthempaintingthewindows.(现在分词表主动、进行)Ifoundthewindowspainted.(过去分词表被动、完成),五、其它区别现在分词的被动式(beingdone)强调某一动作正在被进行中;过去分词表示某一(被动)动作已经(结束)完成,不强调时间概念;不定式的被动式(tobedone)表示一个还没有发生的被动动作。Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.XiaoWangfellasleepwiththewindowopeningandthecurtaindrawn.Hi,Lucy,thebosshasanotherdocumenttobetyped.,HomeworkRecitethekeysentencesonthegrammar-nounclausesastheobjectandpredicative.Previewthenextperiod.Conclusion