Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsPeriod5　Usinglanguage:Extensivereading整体设计教材分析Thisisthefifthteachingperiodofthisunit.Asusual,theteachershouldcheckstudents’homeworkandofferchancesforthemtogooverwhattheylearnedinthelastperiodatthebeginningoftheclass.Thenleadinthenewlesson.Inthisperiod,theteachingemphasiswillbeputondevelopingstudents’readingabilitybyreadingextensively.Wewilldealwithtwoparts:AVISITTOTHEMOONinUsinglanguageonPages30-31andCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLEinReadingTaskonPage66.Whilereading,getstudentslearningtousesomereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.Astonewwordsandphrases,theteachercanfirstfindthosestudentsfeelmostdifficultandhelpthemtounderstand.That’senoughhere.ThereadingpassageAVISITTOTHEMOONisasciencefictionstorywhichimagineswhatitmightbelikeifanastronautvisitedthemoon.Thepurposeofsciencefictionwritingistocombinefactswithastorytomakestudentsinterestedandexcitedabouttravelinspace.Itisalsotostimulateaweandwonderintothevastnessofspace.Asthisreadingusestheinformationstudentshavegainedfromthelistening,theteachercanfirstasksomestudentstoretellthelisteningtexttoleadinthetopicandthenaskstudentstoreadthepassageanddosomecomprehendingexercises.Whilecheckingtheiranswerswiththewholeclass,dealwithlanguageproblemsstudentscan’tworkoutbythemselves.Thisisanextensivereadinglesson,sotheteachingstepsshouldbesimple.AstothepassageCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLE,itistocontinuetheabovestory.Theastronomersinthestoryvisitaplaceinspace,whichseemsimpossibleforpeopletoreach,the“blackhole”.Itistohelpstudentsimaginewhatitislikeneara“blackhole”.Askstudentstoreadthroughthepassageandtrytoknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.Attheendoftheclass,askstudentstoretellthetwopassages.Inordertoarousestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetitionamongthem.教学重点1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereading.2.Letstudentsreadandunderstandthetwopassages.教学难点1.Enablestudentstolearntousereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.2.Getstudentstounderstandthesciencefictionstoriesinthisunit.三维目标知识目标1.Getstudentstolearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:spaceship,pull,float,mass,cheerup,nowthat,breakout2.Getstudentstoreadthesciencefictionstories.能力目标1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereadingandenablethemtolearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillstoreaddifferentreadingmaterials.2.Havestudentslearntousetheusefulnewwordsandexpressionscorrectly.5,3.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassagesandknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.情感目标1.Stimulatestudents’interestinastronomyandspacetravel.2.Developstudents’senseofgroupcooperationandteamwork.教学过程→Step1Revision1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.2.Asksomepairsofstudentstocometothefrontandactouttheirdialoguetoreviewtheexpressionsofgivinginstructions.3.HavesomestudentstalkaboutIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawkingaswellastheirideasongravity.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentstobrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whatcountryfirstsentpeopleintospace?Howmanycountrieshavesucceededinsendingpeopleintospacesofar?Whofirstlandedonthemoon?WhoisthefirstChineseastronauttogointospace?Doyouwanttovisitthemoon?→Step3Reading1.AskstudentstoreadthepassageandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged.1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.ThewaygravitychangedLefttheearthInspaceOnthemoonSuggestedanswers:ThewaygravitychangedLefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.InspaceThegravitydisappeared.OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.HowhisweightchangedLefttheearthInspaceOnthemoonSuggestedanswers:HowhisweightchangedLefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.2.Askstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandunderlinealltheusefulexpressions5,orcollocationsinthepassage.Letstudentsreadthemaloudandcopythemdownintheirexercisebookafterclassashomework.Trytokeeptheminmind.Collocations:beluckyenoughtodo,haveachance,makeatripintospace,explainsth.tosb.,theforceofgravity,beoff,thepulloftheearth’sgravity,fallbacktotheearth,falltotheground,toofarfromtheearth,asif,atall,getcloseto,cheerup,comeon,lessthan,downthesteps,stepforward,twiceasfaras,fallover,abitof,nowthat,afterawhile,getthehangof,breakout,ontheoutsideof,bepushedinto→Step4Importantlanguagepoints1.Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.在启程以前,李彦平向我解释说,在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变,而第一次的改变将是最强的。句子中thattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful是两个并列的that引导的宾语从句,作动词explain的宾语。一个动词若带两个宾语从句,第二个引导词that一般不省略。例如:Thegirlstoldhim(that)theywereonatraintripacrossCanadaandthattheyhadonlyonedayinMontreal.姑娘们告诉他,她们乘火车来旅游,要横穿加拿大,在蒙特利尔待一天。Iunderstandnotonly(that)youhavestudiedChinesebutalsothatyouhavewrittenChinesepoetry.我知道,你不仅学了中文,而且还写中文诗。2.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高兴,由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去,我望着（身后的）地球越来越小,而（前方的）月球越来越大。watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger是现在分词短语,在句中作状语。cheer(sb.)up:(causesb.to)becomehappierormorecheerful欢呼;喝彩;感到高兴;使高兴Tryandcheerupabit;lifeisn’tthatbad!想办法高兴点,生活并不是那么糟！Thecrowdcheeredupwhentheysawtheteamarrive.当看到球队的到来,人群欢呼起来。Hetookhertotheconcerttocheerherup.他带她去听音乐会来使她高兴。watch...do/doing观看,注视Wewatchedthesunsettingbehindthetrees.我们看着太阳正在树后面落下。Everydayastheywatchedtheplantgrow,theirheartsfilledwithhope.每一天当他们看到植物生长,他们的心里都充满了希望。3.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now(that)...:becauseofthefact(that)...既然……;由于……Now(that)everybodyishere,wecanbeginthemeeting.既然每个人都到了,我们就可以开始会议。5,Now(that)youareabigboyyoumustbehavebetter.由于你是一个大男孩,你就必须行为表现得更好。4.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。句子中的asfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceship和astheearth’sgravityincreased均为as引导的状语从句。amazed是过去分词,在此处作状语。Hecameinunnoticed.他神不知鬼不觉地走了进来。Manyheroeslieburiedinthechurchyard.许多英雄埋葬在教堂的墓地里。breakout:(ofviolentevents)startsuddenly（指激烈事件,如战争、火灾、疫情等）突然发生;爆发Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜间突然发生了火灾。Warbrokeoutin1939.战争爆发于1939年。Aquarrelbrokeoutsuddenlyatmidnight.在深夜,突然有人吵架。→Step5ReadingtaskTurntoPage66.1.Askstudentstoreadthepassageandanswerthetwoquestions.1)Canablackholebeseen?Howdoyouknowit’sablackhole?2)Whathappenedtothespaceshipfromthebeginningtotheend?Suggestedanswers:1)No,itcan’tbeseen.Youcanseethingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeemptyspace.2)Atfirstthelightsonthespaceshipwentoutandthecomputerstoppedworking.Thenthespaceshipjumpedandbegantomovearoundtheedgeoftheoutsideofthehole.Asthespaceshipmovedaroundthehole,itbegantogofasterandfaster.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain,anditmovedsidewaysfromtheblackhole.Itbegantoincreaseitsspeeduntilitseemedtobegoingasfastaslight.Atlastthespaceshipsloweddownandthecomputerstartedworkingagain.2.Letstudentsreadthepassageagainanddothefollowing:Supposeyouareascientistreadingthispassage.Usethischecklisttodiscoverthenewideasabout“blackholes”.Thenwritethemfortheotherscientiststoreadabout.Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”1.Blackholescannotbeseen.2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.3.Severalminuteslater,showtheanswersonthescreenandcheckthemwiththewholeclass.Atthesametime,dealwithanydifficultlanguagepointsthatstudentscan’tunderstand.5,Suggestedanswers:Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”1.Blackholescannotbeseen.Yes2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.Yes3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.Yes4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.YesTheycanbethrownfarfromthe“blackhole”bytheenergyinthe“blackhole”.→Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstogobacktothetwopassages.Givethemseveralminutestobepreparedtoretellthewholestoryintheirownwords.Thenaskasmanystudentsaspossibletocometothefronttotellthestory.→Step7Homework1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.2.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.3.Tellthestorytoyourfriendsorfamily.板书设计Unit4　Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsExtensiveReadingAVISITTOTHEMOON1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.ThewaygravitychangedLefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.InspaceThegravitydisappeared.OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.HowhisweightchangedLefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.活动与探究GotothelibraryandsurftheInternettofindasmuchinformationasyoucanaboutspaceandthemoon.Andyouareexpectedtopresentittoyourteacherandclassmatesinthenextclass.5