Period4　ListeningTheGeneralIdeaofThisPeriodInthisperiodthestudentsaretolistentothreelisteningmaterialsaboutgreatwomen.Oneisabouttheparticularproblemswomenhavewhentheywantacareeroftheirown.ThesecondisaboutthewesternMulan,JoanofArc,abraveandpatrioticFrenchwomanwhofoughttofreeFrancefromtheEnglish.ThethirdandlastisaboutJodyWilliamsandherICBL(InternationalCampaigntoBanLandmines).Whendoingthelisteningpractice,thestudentsshouldlearntopredictthecontentofthelisteningmaterialbyreadingtheexercisesbeforehand.Whilelistening,theyshouldlearntograspthegistbycatchingthetopicsentencesandsomekeywordsandatthesametimemakesomenoteswhennecessary.TeachingImportantPointsUnderstandingthethreematerials.Howtocatchthetopicsentences.TeachingDifficultPointsCatchingthetopicsentences.Understandingthelisteningmaterials.TeachingMethodsListening-and-answering.Cooperativelearning.TeachingAidsAtaperecorderAprojectorThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkillsEnablethestudentstogetthegistofthelisteningmaterialsbycatchingsometopicsentences.EnablethestudentstolearnsomethingaboutJodyWilliamsandJoanofArc.ProcessandStrategiesTrainthestudents’listeningskillsthroughlistening.FeelingsandValueThroughthelisteningmaterialsthestudentswillhaveabetterunderstandingoftheroleswomenplayinsociety.TeachingProceduresStep1Revision1.ReviseAGoodExampleforMebyaskingsomequestions:T:YesterdaywelearnedsomethingaboutoneofthemostimportantdoctorsinChina.Whowasit?Ss:LinQiaozhi.T:Shewasaspecialistin...?Ss:Shewasaspecialistinwomen’sdisease.T:Whatmadeherfamous?Wasithardworkandsuccessatuniversity?Ss:No.Shebecamefamousbecauseofherkindnessandtheconsiderationthatwasshowedtoallherpatients.T:Good.2.Checkworkbookexercise1onPage45.T:Irememberedaskingyoutoreadapassageaboutanothergreatwoman.Haveyoudonethat?Ss:Sure.T:Whichgreatwomanistalkedabout?Ss:ElizabethFry.,T:Whatdidshedo?Ss:Shedevotedallhereffortstoimprovetheprisonconditions.T:Good.Nowlet’schecktheanswerstoexerciseone.Getthestudentstochecktheanswer.Suggestedanswers:NotesonEnglishprisonsinthe19thcenturyElizabethFry’ssuggestionsThewomenweretreatedlikeanimals.Shetaughtthewomentosew,knitandmakegoodstosell.Theyhadnobeds,cleanclothes,foodorheating.Sheprovidedfood,cleanclothesandstrawforbeds.Thechildrenborninprisonhadtostaythereandhadnochanceofaneducation.Shebeganaprisonschoolforthechildren.Step2ListeningonPage7Theteachershouldaskthestudentstoglancethewholeexercisesbeforelistening,sothattheycanrealizewhatthemaintaskisinlistening.1.BrainstormingT:Thesedayswehavebeentalkingaboutimportantandgreatwomenandtheirachievements.Weknowwomenareabletomakethesameachievementsasmen.Butwasiteasyforthemtomaketheachievements?Ss:Ofcoursenot.T:Youareright.Theyhavetoovercomealotofdifficultiesinachievingtheirgoals.Evennowifwomentrytogetthesameasmentheywillcomeacrossquitealotofproblemsthatmenwillnothave.Todaywe’lllistentotheproblemsthatexist.2.ListeningforthefirsttimeT:Whenwelistentoacertainmaterialforthefirsttime,weshouldnottrytocatcheverysingleword,andthatisimpossible.Weshouldtrytocatchthegeneralidea.Tocatchthegist,catchingthetopicsentencesisofgreatimportance.Thestructureofthismaterialisveryclear.Itisorganizedbythethreeparagraphs.Sowhenyoulistenforthefirsttime,trytogetthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.Nowlet’slistenforthefirsttime.Playthetapeforstudentstogetthetopicsentencesoftheparagraphsandfinishtheexercises.Makeapausewhennecessary.Thenaskstudentstodiscusswiththeirpartnersandtrytoretellwhattheyhaveheard.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheygetwordsorsentencesbecausethepurposeofdoingthisistoletstudentsknowhowtogetthemainideafromthetopicsentence.Collectwhattheyhaveheardandwritesdownthemontheblackboard.ChecktheanswerstoExercise2withthewholeclass.Suggestedanswers:Thethreeproblemsthatwomenhaveandthatdonotapplytomenare:1)Theyhavemoredifficultygettinganeducation.2)Theyhavemoredifficultygettingtothetopoftheirchosencareer.3)Theyhavetogiveuptheircareersforthechildcareandrunningthehome.3.ListeningforthesecondtimeThepurposeinthistaskistoletthestudentsgetsomeusefulinformationtofinishExercises1and3.Beforeplayingthetapeforthesecondtime,asksthestudentstoreadthroughthetwoexercisesandtrytopredicttheanswers.Thentheteacherplaysthetapeagain.4.Listeningforthethirdtime,Thisisagoodchanceforthestudentstochecktheiranswers.Afterlisteningtwice,moststudentscanhaveagoodunderstandingaboutthematerial,andcanwritedownmostoftheanswers.Sothistimeisforthemtocheckandaddtheiranswers.Thentheteacherhasthestudentschecktheanswersingroups.Atlasttheteachercheckstheanswerswiththewholeclass.SuggestedanswerstoExercise1.1）Girlsoftenleaveschoolearlierforfamilyreasons.(T)2）Whenthereislittlemoney,theschooloftenpreventsgirlsfromtraining.(F)Whenthereislittlemoney,thefamilyoftengivesthechancetotheboysinsteadofthegirlstogotoschool.3）Girlsdon’thaveachancetorunacompany.(F)Womenhaveachance,buttheyneedtoprovetheycanrunbusinesssuccessfulbeforetheygetthechance.4）Whenwomenhavechildren,theyhavetostopwork.(T)5）Menhavemorechancestogettothetopoftheircareerthanwomen.(T)6）Mencandowhatevertheylike.(F)Thisistooabsolute.Menonlydon’thavetoovercomesotheproblemsaswomendo.SuggestedanswerstoExercise3.1）prevents,career2）childcare,concern,pressure3）difficultiesStep3ListeningonPage441.PredictingthecontentT:Althoughwomenhavetomeetalotofdifficultiessomeofthemstillsticktotheiridealsandfinallysucceedinachievingtheiraims.Todaywearegoingtohearsomethingaboutanotherimportantwoman.PleaseturntoPage44.Lookatthepicture.Whoisit?Ss:JodyWilliams.T:Right.SheistheheadofICBL(InternalCampaigntoBanLandmines)Whatisalandmine?Ss:Wehavenoidea.T:Alandmineisanexplosiveobjecthiddeninorontheground,whichblowswhenapersonorvehiclepassesoverit.Canyouguessitsmeaning?Ss:Isit地雷？T:Good.NextwearegoingtolistentoashortdialoguebetweenJodyWilliamsandajournalist.NowpleasereadthetwoexercisesonPage44toguessthecontentofthelisteningmaterial.Whatmighttheytalkabout?Ss:FromExercise2,weguesstheymighttalkaboutJodyWilliamsandICBL.2.Listenforthefirsttimetocatchthemainidea.T:OK.Let’ssee.ListenforthefirsttimetogetthemainideaandfinishExercise1.Afterthefirstlistening,getthestudentstosaysomethingaboutwhattheyhaveheardandwritedownthekeywordsontheblackboard.Getthemtocombinealltheanswerstomakeaidealanswer.Suggestedanswer:JodyWilliamsisexplainingaboutherworkfortheInternationalCampaintoBanLandmines.3.Listenforthesecondtime.GetthestudentstolistenagainandtrytofinishExercise2.Thismaterialisrelativelyeasy.Sopausewhennecessary,enablingthemtocatchtheanswers.Thenchecktheanswers.Suggestedanswers:ResearchnotesonICBL1ItsleaderJodyWilliams2Itsaimstostopthemakinganduseoflandmines,everywhereintheworld3ItsmethodofworkingICBLmembersindifferentcountriesspreadusefulinformationonmovingthelandminestohelpeachother.4Itsareaofworkingworkingwithgovernmentsallovertheworld5JodyWilliams’roletoorganizethegroups6Herrelationshipwithgovernmentsgood7TheOsloAgreement1997:181countriesagreedtobanthemakinganduseoflandmines8ThenewhonourtheNobelPeacePrizein1997wasgiventoherandICBL4.ListenforthethirdtimeGetthestudentstolistentothematerialagainandchecktheanswers.Step4ListeningonPage41(Forsomestudentsitisdifficulttofinishthelisteningmaterialaswellastheprevioustwoonesinoneclass.Sothisonecanbeleftashomework.)ThislisteningmaterialisaboutJoanofArc,apatrioticwomanwhofoughttofreeFrancefromtheEnglish.Getthestudentstopredictthecontentofthematerialandthenlistentoitforthreetimes.Forthefirsttime,theydon’thavetowriteanything.Insteadtheyshouldlistentounderstandthewholematerialandgetthegeneralidea.Asforthesecondtime,theyshouldbeabletogetalltheanswerstothequestions.Andthelasttime,checktheanswers.Suggestedanswers:1.Becauseatthattimewomenwerenotallowedtobesoldiers.2.ThechurchthoughtJoanhadnotbehavedasawomanshould.3.Theydidnothaveleaderstoinspirethemorwhohadgoodideasforwinningbattles.4.Becauseshehadmanygoodideasforattackingtheenemy.Shehadshownthemthustheycouldwiniftheyfoughtwellandhadagoodplanforthebattle.Evenaftershedied,herspiritinspiredtheFrencharmywhoendedtheEnglishruleinFranceatlast.5.Thechurchmadeherasaint.Step5SummaryandHomeworkInthisclassweagainlearnsomethingaboutsomeimportantandgreatwomen.Fromtheirdeedswecometothesayingthatwomenarehalfofthesky.Forgirlsweshouldbelievethatalthoughwemayfacesomedifficulties，weareabletotryourbesttorealizeourdreams.Andforboysweshouldnotlookdownupongirls.Boysandgirlsormenandwomenshouldworktogethertomakeusamorebeautifulworld.OK,homeworkfortodayistolistentothelisteningmaterialsagainafterclass.Findthereasonwhyyoumademistakes.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboardUnit1　Period4　ListeningProblemswomenhave(P7)1.Moredifficultygettinganeducation.2.Moredifficultygettingtothetopoftheirchosencareer.3.Giveuptheircareersforthechildcareandrunningthehome.JodyWilliamsandICBL(P44)JoanofArc(P41)RecordafterTeaching,ActivitiesandResearchTheteachermayaskthestudentstofindmoreinformationaboutthegreatwomenaroundtheworldontheInternetsoastounderstandtheirrolesinsociety.ReferenceforTeachingLearningTips高考英语听力测试要点及应试技巧高考英语听力主要测试考生对英语口语的理解能力,测试的主要形式有对话理解和短文理解。对话理解是考查考生在一定语境中所表现出的快速反应及推理判断能力;短文理解则是在此基础上考查考生对一个结构比较完整、意义相对连贯的语段的理解能力。听力考查主要从以下四个方面进行:理解主旨要义;获取事实性的具体信息;推断对话的背景、说话者之间的关系;理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。1.理解对话的主旨和大意要求考生对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会,清楚说话者究竟在说什么,体会说话者的语气,听懂关键词,从语篇层面来理解。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的,有时主旨大意较明显,有时则需要考生自己归纳、概括。例如:W:So,howlonghaveyoubeenhere？M:Justacoupleofdays,actually,Iamonabigjourney.Youknow,I’mvisitingalltheplacesofinteresthere.Q:What’sthemandoing？A.He’sworkinginahotel.B.He’svisitingayoungpeople.C.He’stravelingaround.答案为C。本题是一位男子谈论到此地的各个名胜观光的情况,其主旨大意贯穿整个对话,需要考生将所听到的零碎信息进行整理和归纳。其中的abigjourney,visiting和placesofinteresthere是这位男子谈话的关键,因此,通过对此进行归纳判断就会马上明白谈话的主旨大意是旅行。2.获取对话或独白中的具体信息准确地理解英语口语,获取具体信息是一项十分重要的语言技能。为了说明和解释主旨,对话或独白中会透露出一些具体信息,如时间、地点、人物、年代、价钱、数量、原因、目的、结果等,这些信息对理解对话、把握主旨是非常有帮助的,且在试题考查中占相当大的比例。这类题目要求学生在听清、听懂信息的同时,还要对所听到的信息做简单的处理。有的也需要考生在进行简单的数字运算。例如:M:TheplaneforChicagoleft15minutesago.W:That’sright.Nowit’salreadyfivetotwelve.Q:Whendidtheplanetakeoff？A.12:05.　　　　　　　　　B.11:55.　　　　　　　　C.11:40.答案是C.此题问的是飞机何时起飞的。飞机15分钟前飞往芝加哥,现在是12点差5分,所以,飞机应是11:40起飞的。3.推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系对对话背景、地点、对话者之间关系的理解程度体现了考生对口语的理解能力。对话发生的背景、说话者之间的关系决定着谈论的话题、内容、说话的语气和措辞。反之,从说话的语气、用词和内容可以推断出说话的背景、说话者之间的关系。这是高考听力考查的一项重要内容。一般说来,此类对话一般都发生在一些公共场所,如:商店、图书馆、课堂、饭店、邮局、银行、飞机上等,而说话者之间的关系往往是下列关系,如:售货员与顾客、图书管理员与借阅人、老师与学生、服务员与顾客、医生与病人等。考生应注意捕捉对话中的关键词来确定对话背景和说话人的关系。例如:W:Sixairmailstampsandtworegularstamps,please.,M:Hereyouare.Thatwillbeonedollarandeighteencents.Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace？A.Atastation.　　　　　　B.Atanairport.　　　　　　C.Atapostoffice.答案为C.通过说话中出现的stamps及onedollarandeighteencents知道顾客在购买邮票,所以,对话的地点最有可能在邮局。4.理解领会说话者的观点、态度及意图这类考题要求考生不但能理解录音原文的主旨大意,而且还要通过文中的重要细节、具体事实来揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等,这类题目能考查考生在听力方面的综合素质。有时说话者的意图、观点和态度在对话中的表达较为含蓄,考生则更需注意体会、揣摩,并作一些简单合理的推断。例如:M:Howmanyhoursdoyousleepaday？W:Ineedatleastsevenhours.ItrytofollowDavid’sexamplebutitneverworksoutforme.M:IfIsleepduringtheday,Icanneverwakeup.W:NoteveryonehasthesameasDavid’s,Iguess.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestattheendofthetalk？A.PeopleshoulddevelopahabitlikeDavid’s.B.Peopleneedlongerhoursofsleep.C.Peoplehavedifferentsleepinghabits.答案为C。本对话内容是谈论有关睡眠习惯的问题。对话结束时,女声说“并非每一个人都有和戴维一样的睡眠习惯”,言外之意是“每个人的睡眠习惯是不一样的”。提高听力测试能力应多听,这是增强语感、提高听力之本。同时掌握必要的技巧和对策,有助于获得事半功倍的效果。1.充分利用听录音前的这段时间和各段对话之间的停顿时间,通过阅读和分析选项以帮助预测将要听到的内容及其重点,做到心中有数,带着问题去听。预测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容,使自己在听之前就在心中设计了几种可能的情景,这样听录音材料时就会有的放矢,有所侧重,从而提高答题的准确率。2.边听边记,以自己明白的字符记下重要内容。要根据选项中提供的信息,有选择地作一些简单的记录。较长的对话或独白所涉及的内容较多,尤其有一些关键词语往往比较容易混淆,即使当时听明白了,但是由于材料信息量较大,该记的东西较多,过后不能准确回忆起来,如表示时间、日期、年龄、价格、距离的数字,或是地名、人名等。这时可以用笔在试卷的空白处以字符的形式记下,以便加深印象,进行正确地判断选择。3.抓住关键词和主题句。捕捉重要信息是听力理解的首要任务,遗漏了重要信息就不可能听清对话的基本含义。它们对整篇文章的内容起一个概括和提示的作用,是文章的中心论点或者是说话人对所谈内容的观点和态度。4.无论是听对话,还是听独白,注意力一定要集中在对整体内容的理解上,抓住对话或文章主旨大意。切不可只停留在个别单词或单句上,听不清时应马上放过,不要强迫自己听清每一个词,把重点放在听关键词（通常是实词）以及与问题有关的内容上。5.在听录音或答题时必须专心致志。答下一题时,就要完全投入,哪怕没有能够顺利回答前面的试题,也应暂时搁置一边。否则就会影响整个听力效果。