Period5　SpeakingandWritingTheGeneralIdeaofThisPeriodInthisperiodwehavetwoaims.Oneistoencouragethestudentstothinkofawomanthattheyadmireorlikeandmakeadescriptionofher.Thesecondistoorganizetheirideasintoawell-organizedcomposition.TeachingImportantPointsGettheSstotalkaboutthewomanthattheyadmireorlike.Enablethestudentstowriteadescriptionofawoman.TeachingDifficultPointsHowtotalkaboutawoman.Howtowriteadescriptionofaperson.TeachingMethodsDiscussioninpairsandingroupsoffour.Practicetoimprovethestudents’writingability.TeachingAidsAmultimediacomputerAprojectorThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkillsGetthestudentstotalkaboutthewomanthattheyadmireorlike.Helpthestudentswriteadescriptionofthewomanthattheyadmireorlike.ProcessandStrategiesGroupworkorindividualworktoinvolvethestudentsinaheateddiscussion.Explanationtoacquaintthestudentswiththetipsofwritingacompositionofdescription.FeelingsandValueBydiscussingthestudentsmayhaveabetterunderstandingofthepositionthatwomenareinthuscausingthestudentstothinkmoreaboutsexism.TeachingProceduresStep1Leadin1.Showsomepicturesandgetthestudentstodescribethem.T:DoyoulikewatchingfilmsandTVseries?Ss:Yes,butwedon’thavemuchtime.T:Doyouknowthestars?Ss:Yes.T:Whoisthefirstone?Ss:ZhouXun.T:Whatdoesshelooklike?S:Shehasbigandbrighteyes.S:Shehasababyface.Sheisverycute.T:Good.Wemaysaysheisacuteladywithababyfaceandbigandbrighteyes.Whataboutthesecond?Doyou,knowher?Whoisshe?Ss:LinXinru.T:Howwouldyoudescribeher?S:Herhairisverylong.S:Hereyesareverybig.S:Sheisquiteaslimlady.Sheisveryattractive.T:Good.Wemaysaysheisaslimattractiveladywithsilkyhairandbigeyes.Whataboutthelastone?Ss:LiuYifei,adedicateyounggirl.T:Doyoulikeher?Ss:Yes.T:Whydoyoulikeher?Ss:Becauseheractingskillsareextremelygood.Shehasmademanysuccessfulfilmsalthoughsheisveryyoung.OneofthemisTheStoryofaNobleFamily(金粉世家).2.Wordsthatcanbeusedtodescribepersons.Instructthestudentstothinkofsomewordstodescribepersons.Theycanbeclassifiedasfollows:Positive:strong,smart,honest,friendly,kind,cheerful,generouswarm-hearted,hard-working,popular,intelligent,brave,modest,confident,considerate,determined,unselfish,hard-working,energeticetc.Negative:weak,stupid,lazy,dishonest,cold,foolish,unkind,dullStep2SpeakingGetthestudentstothinkofawomanwhoisimpressivetothem.Workinpairstomakeupadialogueaboutthewoman,askingquestionsanddescribingher.Trytousesomeofthewordsaboveandthefollowingexpressions.T:Doyouknowanywomanwhoisimpressivetoyou?Ss:Yes.MadameCurie/WuZetian,theonlyfemaleemperorinChinesehistory/WuYi/Mymother/Myteacher/Mysister.T:OK,youmustwantherknownbyothers.Nowpleaseworkinpairsandaskyourpartnerstogetinformationaboutthewomanandthepartnertriestodescribethewoman.Trytousethewordsaboveandthefollowingexpressions.Afterfiveminutes,Iwouldlikesomepairstopresentyourdialogue.Whatdoesshelooklike/Whatisshelike/Howwouldyoudescribeher?Whatdoyouthinkabouther?Whydoyoulike/love/admireher?Whatareherstrengths/weaknesses?Howdootherfriends/othersdescribeher?Gettwopairstopresenttheirdialogue.Sampledialogue:Apple:Whoisthemostimpressivewomantoyou,Panda?Panda:MyformerEnglishteacher,AnnieLou.Apple:Oh.Whatdoesshelooklike?Panda:Sheisaprettyladywithshorthairandbrighteyes.Shealwayswearsapairofglassesoverhernose.Apple:Howwouldyoudescribeher?Panda:Ithinksheiswarm-heartedandunselfish.ItissaidthatsheissponsoringapoorstudentinXinjiangtocontinueherschoolinginahighschool.Apple:Really?Sheissogenerous!Issherich?Panda:No,shedoesn’tearnalotherself.Butshesaysshewilltrywhatshecantohelpothers.Apple:Whydidshechoosetobecomeateacher?,Panda:Atfirstshechosetobecomeateacherbecauseshedidn’thavetopayforthefees.Butwhenshebecameateacher,shefoundthestudentsweresolovelythatshecametolovethemandteaching.Apple:Isshestrong?Panda:No.Infact,sheisnotingoodhealth.Butshe’senergeticwhensheisontheplatform.Shedevotesallhertimetoherstudents.andsheisalwaysconsideratetous.Apple:Youaresoluckytohavesogoodateacher.Panda:Whydoyouadmireher?Apple:Herconfidenceattractsme.Sheoftenencouragesustobelieveinourselvesandmanyofushasbeeninfluencedbyher.Panda:Howgreatsheis!Step3Writing1.MakinganoutlineT:Nowyouhavemadeyourpartnerknowthewomanimpressivetoyou.Wouldyoulikehertobeknownbymorepeople?Yes?OKIwouldlikeyoutowriteacompositiontodescribeher.Beforewewritethecompositionweshouldmakefullpreparations.Firstwhatshouldyoudo?Ss:Weshouldmakeanoutline.T:Howtomakeanoutlineeffectively?S:Firstweshouldcollectasmuchinformationaspossibleandmakeananalysissoastoclassifyitintodifferentideas,arrangingwhichinformationisneededforthedescriptionoftheappearance,whichisforqualityandwhichisforheradvantages.Trytomakeeachideaintoaparagraph.2.MakingadraftT:Good.Whataboutthenextstep?Whatshouldwedo?Ss:Weshouldmakeadraft.T:Yes.Thisstepisveryimportant.Weshouldwritedownsimplesentences,payingattentiontothetensesandvoices.Mostimportantly,weshouldorganizethesentencesintotopicsentenceandsupportingsentences.Thatistosay,thebeginningsentenceshouldbeabletoconcludetheideaoftherestoftheparagraph.Ifpossible,giveaconcludingsentence.TopicsentenceSupporting1examplesSupportingsentence2Forinstant,Supportingsentence3examplesConcludingsentenceThenaskthestudentstowriteadraftinconsiderationofthediscussion.Aftertheyfinish,exchangetheirdraftsandfindsomemistakesforeachother.Atlastshowsomeoftheirdraftsontheslide,pointingoutthemistakesandappreciatingthebeautifulsentences.3.WritingadescriptionIftimepermits,getthestudentstomakethedraftintoapassage,addingnecessarydetails.Whentheyaretryingtofinishtheassignment,goaroundandseetheircommonstrengthsandweaknesses.Aftertheyfinish,getthemtocheckwitheachother.Thenchoosesometoshowontheslideandgettheotherstoappreciatetogether,pointingoutthestrengthsandweaknesses.Atlastshowthemasample.,Myteacher,MsZhang,iswellpastfifty.Sheisanordinary-lookingwomanwithapairofbrighteyes.Shelooksoldforherage,becauseherhairisallwhite.Sheisateacherwellworthhonor.Shecametoourschoolin1990,andhasalwaysbeenoneofitsbestandmostpopularteachers.Sheworksveryhard.Shecarefullypreparesherlessons,deliversherlecturesandcorrectsourhomework.Shehasbeenafriendtoherstudentsaswellasateacher.WheneverIneedhelp,Shewillpayextraattentiontomebothinsideandoutsideofclass.Ishallalwaysbegratefulforthehelpandguidanceshehasgivenme.Irespectmyteacherverymuch.EverySpringFestivalIpayavisittohim.Iamproudofhavingateacherlikeher.Ilikeherverymuch.Step4SummaryandHomeworkT:Timeisrunningout.Wehavetostophere.Todaywetalkedabouttheimportantorimpressivewomenaround.Againwecanseeshowinglovetoeachotherisofgreatimportance.Ifweloveeachother,wecanmakeourlifemoreinterestingandcolorful.Step5HomeworkChecktheircompositionsagainandwriteone.Sumupwhatwehavelearntinthisunit.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboardUnit1　Period5　SpeakingandWriting1.SpeakingWordstodescribepersonsPositive:strong,smart,honest,friendly,kind,cheerful,generouswarm-hearted,hard-working,popular,intelligent,brave,modest,confident,considerate,determined,unselfish,hard-working,energeticetc.Negative:weak,stupid,lazy,dishonest,cold,foolish,unkind,dull2.WritingadescriptionSteps:1)Makeanoutline.2)Makeadraft.3)Writeacomposition.RecordafterTeachingActivitiesandResearchInthisperiodtheteachermayaskthestudentstochooseawomantheythinkarethegreatestandintroducehertohisdeskmate.Besides,theteachercanarouseadiscussionaboutsexism.ReferenceforTeachingLearningTips书面表达写作指导书面表达是综合性强、难度大的题目。但是,当我们深入研究后就不难发现,书面表达实质上就是组词成句、联句成篇的一项系统工程。只要我们抓好词、句、段这三个环节,加强缩写、改写、仿写等练习,由简到繁、由易到难,一环扣一环地进行训练,由模仿到活用,由操练到交际,就能使语言知识逐步转化成语言交际能力。(一)选词词是语言的最小组成单位,不同词性的词组合在一起构成句子。因此,,要充分利用课文中出现的重点单词、词组、句型,培养学生学习和识记单词的能力。1.注意一词多义的应用。如time一词,在Timeshavechanged中指“时代”;在sixtimesthesizeofmine中指“倍数”;在inslowtime中指“拍子”。切忌在写文章下笔时,一词滥用,似是而非。2.结合英语构词法,同义反义比较,名词的可数与不可数词义的区别,加强对英语词形变化的理解,扩充词汇量。3.巧用过渡词,增强文章逻辑性。为了使所写短文通顺,连贯得体,句子与句子之间过渡自然,提高所写短文的质量,适当加上一些表示时间顺序、递进、因果、条件、让步等关系的过渡词是很有必要的。常见的过渡词有:(1)表时间顺序的过渡词:first,second,third,andthen,finally,before,afterafewdays,atlast,atthattime,later,inthepast,immediately,inthemeanwhile等等。(2)表空间顺序的过渡词:near(to),far(from),inthefrontof,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,totheright,totheleft,ononeside,ontheothersideof,outside等等。(3)表并列的过渡词:also,and,then,too,aswell(as)等等。(4)表转折的过渡词:but,yet,however,inspiteof,otherwise等等。(5)表递进的过渡词:what’smore,besides,what’sworse,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,again等等。(6)表目的的过渡词:forthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat;inorderthat,soasto,inorderto等等。(7)表因果的过渡词:because,since,so,asaresult,therefore,thus,as等等。(8)表解释说明的过渡词:forexample,infact,inthiscase,for,actually等等。(9)表条件的过渡词:aslongas,solongas,onconditionthat,if,unless等等。(10)表让步的过渡词:though,as,evenif／though,who(what,when,where)ever等等。(11)表总结的过渡词:inbrief,ashasbeenstated,inaword等等。(12)过渡性插入语:Ithink,I’mafraid,youknow,asweallknow等等。(二)造句句子是表达一个较完整意思的最小单位,所以遣词造句的能力在英语写作中是非常重要的,是书面表达成败的关键。因此,加强造句训练就显得尤其重要。1.连词成句:这是最基本的一种训练形式。如:(1)father,foryou,new,willbuy,says,abike可连成Fathersays,“Iwillbuyanewbikeforyou.”(2)me,allright,writeandtell,thiswillbe,please,whether可连成Pleasewriteandtellmewhetherthiswillbeallright.2.充分利用教材中特有的句型、句式、语法造句。(1)句型、句式可使句子表达简洁、准确,提高文章档次。It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.“对某人来讲,做某事是……”。如:It’sdifficultforachildtodothejobwithouthelp.It’snogood／use...doingsth.做某事没好处／用处It’snousegivinghimanymoremoney.Itis(hasbeen)+时间+since...自从……好长时间了Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehejoinedthearmy.It’snotlongbefore...不久……Itwillnotbelongbeforebecomesback.Itis／was...who/that...强调句型Itwasyesterdaythatwevisitedthefactory.Itseemsthat...好像……Itseemsthatsheishappy./Sheseemshappy.Idon’tthink／believe／expect(that)...我认为……不Idon’tthinkIknowyou.Willyouplease...?请……好吗?,Willyoupleasehelpme?Wouldyoulikesth.／todosth.?做……好吗?Wouldyouliketohaveacupoftea?(2)用主从复合句、分词作状语、with复合结构等用法,可使语言描绘更加生动,增强文章的情感性和感召力。如:Whatismore,itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.(NMET2002书面表达参考答案片段)Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtoworkevenatweekends,doingendlesshomeworkandattendingClassesaswell.(NMET2001书面表达参考答案片段)It’sasmallflatof25squaremeters,withabedroom,abathroomandakitchen.(NMET2003书面表达参考答案片段)Howgladweweretoseethecropsandvegetablesgrowingwell.(NMET1998书面表达参考答案片段)(3)用句型替换练习增强语言的灵活性,拓宽表达空间。如:这孩子太小,还不到上学的年龄。Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.我花了5元钱买这本书。Ispentfiveyuanonthebook.Ispentfiveyuan(in)buyingthebook.Ipaidfiveyuanforthebook.Iboughtthebookforfiveyuan.Thebookcostmefiveyuan.例句赏析下面是一些常用的精美句子,请注意它们在表达方面的特点。1.Yougodownthestreet,turntotheright,andthenyou’llseethepostofficeonyourright.析:几个动词的并列。你顺着这条街,向右拐,右边就是邮局。2.Wearrivedatthegateoftheschool,wherewewerewarmlywelcomed.析:关系副词where引导的定语从句。我们来到了校门口,受到了热烈欢迎。3.Althoughwewerealittletired,wewereexcited.析:although引导的让步状语从句。尽管我们有点累,我们仍然很高兴。4.Theoldladywascrossingthestreetswhenayoungmanridingabicyclerushedupandknockedherdown.析:when表“此刻、那时”。老妇人正穿过马路,这时突然一个年轻人骑着自行车冲过来,把她撞倒了。5.Sheisafriendtoherstudentsaswellasateacher.析:aswellas表“不但……而且……”。她不但是学生的老师,而且是他们的朋友。6.Thelibraryisquietandtherearealotofbooksforustoreferto,whichishelpfultoourstudy.析:which引导的非限制性定语从句。图书馆里很安静,有很多书供我们参考,这些书对我们的学习很有帮助。7.Thelivingconditionshavebeenimprovedgreatlyandthetownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.析:现在完成时的被动语态。,生活条件大大提高,城镇不再是原来的样子。8.EverytimeIthinkofwhathappenedtomeayearago,IfeelIwastoblame.析:everytime引导的时间状语从句。每次我想到一年前发生的事,我就感到我应受到责备。9.Theywerenotonlystrictinourstudiesbutalsostrictwithus.析:notonly...butalso...表“不但……而且……”。他们不但对我们的学习严格要求,而且对我们也很严格。10.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinQingdaointherecentyears.析:现在完成时的被动语态。在最近的几年中,青岛发生了巨大的变化。11.Onlywhenweknowwellbothscientificknowledgeandpracticalskillscanwelivehappilyandworkwonderfullyinthesocietyinthecomingfuture.析:only引导的倒装结构。只有我们掌握了更多的科学知识和实际技能,我们才能在未来的社会中生活幸福,工作顺利。12.ThemoreIearned,themoredifficultiesImetwith.析:themore...themore...表“越多……越……”。我学的越多,遇到的困难也越多。13.Buttheburdenofworkinclassissoheavythatwehavelittletimetodosports,whichhasleftmanyofusinpoorhealth.析:so...that引导的结果状语从句。但是,课业负担太重以至于我们几乎没有时间进行体育锻炼,这使我们中很多人身体状况不佳。14.Thedaywewerelookingforwardtocameatlast—aweek’smilitarytrainingbegan.析:定语从句的用法。一周的军训最终到来了,我们一直盼望着这一天。15.Onedayonmywayhomefromschool,Isawanoldwomanstandingbytheroadside,withaheavybagonherback.析:with复合结构的用法。一天,我在放学回家的路上,看见一位老太太站在路边,背上挂着一个沉重的包裹。16.OntheblackboardwerelargeChinesecharactersandEnglish,saying“Welcometoourschool!”析:倒装结构。在黑板上,用很大的汉语和英语写着:“欢迎来我们的学校!”17.Withgreatcuriosityandexcitement,westudentsofSenior2beganourlearning-from-peasantactivitiesinJiangjiaVillage,BinChengTownship,notfarfromBeijing.析:with复合结构的用法。带着兴奋与好奇,我们高二学生去了离北京不远的滨城镇姜家村开展向农民学习的活动。18.Sheissuchanexcellentteacherthatwegotsomuchfromher,notonlytheknowledgebutalsokindness,diligenceandappreciationforbeauty.析:so...that及notonly...butalso...的用法。她是一位优秀的教师,我们从她身上不仅学到了知识还学到了善良、勤奋和对美的鉴赏力。19.OurEnglishteacherMrs.Zhangisanordinary-looking,greyhairedwomanwearingapairofglasses.析:wearing现在分词作定语。我们的英语老师张老师相貌平常,灰白头发,戴着一副眼镜。20.IamlivingwithmyparentsatNo.68JingqiRoadandIamastudentofSenior2atJinanNo.1middleschool.析:家庭住址的表示方法。我同我的父母住在经七路68号,是济南市一中高二年级的学生。,21.DongHaiisanewly-builtcitywithapopulationofaboutthreemillion,whichcoversanareaofabout20000squarekilometersfacingtheYellowSeaintheeast.析:which引导的非限制性定语从句。东海市是一座新建城市,有人口近300万,面积2万余平方千米,东部面向黄海。22.AfterhegraduatedfromBeijingEngineeringCollegein1986,hewassenttoMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyintheUSAtostudychemistry.析:after引导的时间状语从句。他1986年毕业于北京工学院,后来到美国麻省理工学院深造,攻读化学。23.Theteammembersarerequiredtogetreadyandothersarerequiredtowatchandcheerforthem.Allthefootballloversarewelcometowatchandcoach.析:welcome的用法。足球队员作好准备,其他同学前往助战,欢迎足球爱好者参观指导。24.Thosewhowouldliketogoarerequestedtoputdowntheirnamesonthissheetofpaperandgiveeightyuanforthebusfare.析:who引导的限制性定语从句。参加者需要登记,并交车费8元。25.IfyoucontinuealongHuangpuRoad,you’llfindonyourrightthehighestbuildinginBinhai,theFriendshipHotel,whichhas12floors.析:if引导的条件状语从句。如果你继续沿着黄埔路向前,你会发现右边是滨海市最高的12层建筑——友谊大厦。26.Pollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousallovertheworld.析:注意比较级的用法。全世界污染越来越严重。27.Aseveryoneknows,smokingisharmfultoourhealth.析:as引导的定语从句。每个人都知道,吸烟有害健康。28.Itiswell-knownthatateacher,asanengineerofhumansoul,playsaveryimportantroleinsociety.析:注意it作形式主语的用法。众所周知,教师作为人类灵魂的工程师,在社会中起着非常重要的作用。29.Youngasheis,hehasbeenhonouredasanadvancedworkermanytimes,forhavinggotgreatachievementsinhisteaching.析:as引导的让步状语从句。虽然他年轻,但由于他工作成绩卓著,多次被评为先进工作者。30.OnhearingthatIfailedinthecontest,Icouldhardlyholdbackmytears.析:on与带有动词性意义的名词或动名词连用,表“一……就……”。听到我没有赢得竞赛，我忍不住流下眼泪。