Unit3　Ahealthylife本单元的中心话题是“健康生活”。语言知识的选择和听说读写等语言技能的训练主要围绕如何摒弃恶习、怎样成为健康人展开，其中涉及许多社会热点问题，如抽烟、吸毒、艾滋病、学习与工作压力等影响健康的棘手问题。本单元的目的在于让学生远离有害身体健康的活动，并养成良好的习惯。本单元的主要教学内容如下表所示：类别课程标准要求掌握的内容话题Healthproblems：smoking，HIV/AIDS，anddrugs；attitudestowardsHIV/AIDSabusev./n.滥用；虐待comprehensionn.理解力词汇stressvt.加压力于n.压力；重音appendixn.附录；附件strengthenv.加强；巩固pilln.药丸；药片[来源:学科网]banvt.禁止；取缔n．禁令；谴责survivaln.幸存者；幸存effectn.效果；效力sexn.性别；性dueadj.欠款的；预定的；到期的needlen.针；针头automaticadj.无意识的；自动的prejudicen.偏见；成见mentaladj.精神的；智力的judgementn.看法；判决；判断desperateadj.绝望的；拼命的abortionn.流产；中途失败disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的cigarn.雪茄烟ashamedadj.感到羞耻或惭愧的toughadj.困难的；强硬的awkwardadj.局促不安的；笨拙的addictedadj.入迷的；上瘾的quitvt.停止；离开pregnantadj.怀孕的accustomvt.使习惯于abnormaladj.畸形的；异常的cigaretten.香烟；纸烟breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的alcoholn.酒；酒精unfitadj.不健康的；不合适的adolescentn.青少年illegaladj.违法的withdrawalmale9,n.收回；撤退；戒毒过程adj.男性的；雄性的lungn.肺femaleadj.女性的；雌性的packetn.小包；小盒embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入困境的chemistn.药剂师；化学家automaticallyadv.无意识地；自动地词汇dueto由于[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K][来源:Z.xx.k.Com]beaddictedto对……有瘾decideon对……作出决定beaccustomedto习惯于feellike(doing)想要做bansmoking禁止吸烟inspiteof不管；不顾duringadolescence在青春期takerisks(arisk)冒险withdrawalsymptoms脱瘾过程症状getinto陷入；染上(坏习惯)feelashamed感到羞愧atrisk处境危险；遭受危险chancesofsurvival生存的可能性句型1.It_seems_amazing_thatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.(it作形式主语)2.However，what_I_did_knowwasthat_mygirlfriendthoughtIsmeltterrible.(名词性从句)3.WhenIwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit，Iknewit_was_time_toquitsmoking.(Itistimetodosth.是该干……的时候了。)4.Ido_hopesobecauseIwantyoutolive_as_long_and_healthy_a_life_asIhave.(强调；比较结构)5.Every_timeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette，remindyourselfthatyouareanon－smoker.(everytime引导时间状语从句)6.It_is_only_whenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDS_that_apersonbeginstolooksick.(强调结构)功能禁止、警告和允许(Prohibition，warningandpermission)Don't...　Do...　　　　Youshould(not)．..　Itwouldbeagoodideato...Don'tforgetto...Youdon'thaveto...It'sOK/allrightto...It'snotagoodideato...Mindyourhead/step!IsitOKifI．..?IwonderifIcouldsmokehere.Would/DoyoumindifI．..？语法“it”的用法(theuseof“it”)(1)ItseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.Itisnoteasytostopsmoking...Itisnogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.Itisabeautifulday.Itis10kilometrestothecastle.教学重点1.Getstudentstoknowabouthealthylife.2．Havestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsabouthealthylifeandletthemuseeffectivewaystomasterthem.3．Enablestudentstograspandusetheexpressionsofprohibition，warningandpermission.9,4．Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem：theuseof“it”．5．Developstudents'listening，speaking，readingandwritingability.教学难点1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseof“it”．2．Letstudentslearntowritealetterofadvice.3．Developstudents'integrativeskills.课时安排Periodsneeded：6Period1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehendingPeriod2　LanguageStudyPeriod3　Grammar—theUseof“It”(1)Period4　ListeningandSpeakingPeriod5　ReadingandWritingPeriod6　SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessmentPeriod1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehending教学内容分析　　　Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.ThecentralpartofthisperiodistwosectionsinthereadingpassagetitledAdvicefromGrandadandHowCanYouStopSmoking?WarmingUppresentsissuesabouthealthforstudentstodiscuss.Pre－readingprovidessomequestionstohelpstudentsfocusonthetopicofthereadingpassageandgetthestudentstorealizetheharmofsmoking.Teachersmayprovidestudentssomeadviceonhowtogiveupsmoking.Readingisintwoparts.Thefirstpartisaletterfromagrandadtohisgrandson.Grandadlivesalongandhealthylife，buthehaseverbeenaddictedtonicotine，sohelistsreasonsforbeingaddictedandtheharmofsmoking.Thesecondpartgivesadviceabouthowtostopsmoking.Comprehendingconsistsofthreekindsofexercisesforthestudentssoastohelpthestudentstogetabetterunderstandingofthetext，thatistosay，tohelptheteachertocheckhowmuchthestudentshaveunderstoodthetext.Exercise1：fillintheformaboutthecontentofthetext；Exercise2：discussthecontentofthetext；Exercise3：writedownanoutlineonhowtopersuadepeopletogiveupsmokingwithinfivesentences.三维目标设计　　　Knowledgeandskills1．Toknowthemeaningsofthefollowingnewwordsandphrases：cigarette(香烟)，alcohol(酒)，abuse(滥用)，stress(压力；加压力于)，adolescent(青少年),ban(禁止)，due(欠款的；预定的；到期的)，tough(困难的),addicted(上了瘾的)，accustom(使习惯于)，withdrawal(收回；戒毒过程),automatic(无意识的；自动的),mental(精神的；智力的),quit(停止；离开),effect(结果；效力),lung(肺)，pregnant(怀孕的),abnormal(畸形的；异常的),breathless(气喘吁吁的)，unfit(不健康的；不合适的)，strengthen(加强),decideon(对……作出决定)，packet(小盒；小包),feellike(doing)(想要做)，desperate(绝望的；9,拼命的),chemist(药剂师；化学家)，disappointed(失望的；沮丧的),ashamed(感到羞耻的或惭愧的)2．Tolearnaboutsomehealthproblemsandhowtoliveahealthylife.3．Todevelopthestudents'readingabilitybyskimmingandscanningthepassage.4．Todevelopthestudents'speakingabilitybytalkingabouthealthproblems.Processandmethods1．WhiledoingWarmingUptheteachercanleadinthetopicofthisunitbyshowingstudentssomepicturesofhealthyorunhealthyactivities.StudentscanpracticetheiroralEnglishbydescribingtheactivities.Byreadingapassage，studentscanhaveabetterunderstandingofwhatisahealthylife.2．DuringPre－readingtheteachercangoaroundtheclassroomanddiscussthequestionswithseveralstudents.Thisdiscussionshouldbestudent－centeredandhelpstudentsunderstandtheharmofsmoking.Theteachershouldleadthestudentstolookatthetitleandlayoutofthetwosectionsinthereadingpassageandtrytofindoutthemainideaofthetextbyskimming.3．WhiledoingReadingandComprehending，theteachermayfirstaskthestudentstoreadthetextquicklytogetthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.Afterreadingthepassage，studentsareencouragedtoanswersomequestionsandstudytheorganizationofthetext.4．Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage，thestudentsshouldberequiredtodiscusssomequestionsaboutthetextattheendoftheclass.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Togetthestudentstoreflectonsomehealthissueswhichmayconcerntheminthefutureandmakesuretheywillbelesslikelytobecomeaddictedtoriskybehavior.2．Todevelopstudents'senseofcooperativelearning.教学重、难点　　　1．Toenablethestudentstolearnabouthealthproblemsandtodeveloptheirreadingability.2．Toenablethestudentstodescribeahealthypersonorahealthyactivity.Step1　Warmingup1．WarmingupbylookingandtalkingAskthestudentstolookatthefollowingpicturesandseewhattheyaredoing，thenjudgewhicharehealthyactivitieswhilewhichareunhealthyones.Thestudentsshouldbeencouragedtodescribethepicturesintheirownwords.Pictureone：Theyaresinging.(Healthy)9,Picturetwo：Theyaredrinkingalcohol.(Unhealthy)Picturethree：TheyaredoingTaiji.(Healthy)Picturefour：Theyareeatingtoomuch.(Unhealthy)Picturefive：Heissmoking.(Unhealthy)Picturesix：Theyareplayingbasketball.(Healthy)2．Warmingupbyreadingthefollowingpassage.Nowadays，itisafashiontoeathealthyfood，suchasorganically－grownfood，anddoexercisestokeephealthy.Inbrief，peoplearetryingtoliveahealthylife.Butwhatshouldbedonetoliveahealthylife？Differentpeoplehavedifferentideas.Someonesaystoliveahealthylifeistohaveastrongbody.Somepeoplethinkkeepingpsychologicallyhealthyisveryimportant.Inmyview，it'sessentialtokeepphysicallyandpsychologicallyhealthy.Tokeepphysicallyhealthy，youshoulddosportslikerunning，playingbasketball，etc.Todaymoreandmorepeoplegotothefitnesscenters.Therearesomepopularwaysoffitnesslikeyogawhichisasensationinmanybigcitiestoday.Ithinkitisveryusefulforustodosomeexerciseseveryday.Inthisway，wecanhaveastrongbody.Moreimportantly，tokeeppsychologicallyhealthy，youshouldhaveagoodattitudetowardspeoplearoundyou.Weoftensay：“Attitudeiseverything.”Itmeansgoodattitudeleadstoagoodmood.Inthiswaywecankeeppsychologicallyhealthy.Itismoresensibletohavepositiveattitude.Whenyoumeetwithsomehardship，youshouldnotbesad.Youshouldhaveconfidenceinyourselfanddosomethingforrelaxation.Youshouldsaytoyourself：“Icanmakeit.Iamoneinamillion.Iamspecialinthisworld.”Inthisway，youdefinitelyhaveagoodmoodandworkefficiently.Inaword，toliveahealthylifeisacomprehensiveprojectinaway.Weshouldkeephealthybothpsychologicallyandphysically.Inourdailylifeweshoulddosomeexercisesandhaveapositiveattitudetowardslife.Wecanalsoturntosomespecialistsforadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveahealthylife.Afterreadingthepassage，letstudentsansweraquestion：What'sahealthylife?Suggestedanswer：Tobetrulyhealthy，apersonmustbewellinmind，bodyandspirit.Step2　Pre－reading1．Discussion：(1)Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?(2)Inwhatwaysissmokingharmful？Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?(3)Whatadvicewouldyougivetosomeonewhowantedtostopsmoking?2．Skimthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whowrotetheletterandtowhom?(2)Howmanypartsdoesthereadingtextconsistof?(3)Whatisthepurposeoftheletter?Suggestedanswers：1．(1)Someadolescentsstartsmokingbecausetheyarefalselyinfluencedbysomemedia.Somethinkit'scool.Maybesomewanttolightensomestress.(2)Mentallyandhealthily.Ithinksmokingshouldbebanned.(3)Letthemgetinterestedinsomepositivehobbieslikesports，playingmusic，reading，playingchessandsoon.9,2．(1)AgrandfatherwrotethelettertohisgrandsonJames.(2)Twoparts.ThefirstpartisaletterandthesecondpartisanInternetpage.(3)Thisletteraimstoexplainhowasmokerbecomesaddictedtocigarettesandwhyheshouldgiveupsmoking.Step3　Readingandcomprehending1．Fast－readingAskstudentstoskimthepassagesoastogetthekeywordsandgeneralideaofeachparagraph.Paragraphone：______　　Paragraphtwo：______　　Paragraphthree：______Paragraphfour：______　Paragraphfive：______A．ThewriterleadstothetopicoftheletterbytalkingaboutJames'problemofsmoking.B．Introducingsomedifferentwaysofbecomingaddicted.C．Tellingthewriter'shopeforhisgrandson.D．Tellingtheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.E．Fromthelifethewriterisleadingnow，wecanknowtheimportanceofhealthylife.Suggestedanswers：E　A　B　D　C2．Detailed－reading(1)Askstudentstoreadthetextcarefullytogetsomespecificinformationanddothetrueorfalsequestions.①Jamesisaddictedtosmokingnowandcouldn'tgiveitup.②James'grandadisalsoaddictedtocigarettesnow.③Smokingdoesn'taffectthehealthofnon－smokers.④Grandadquittedsmokingatlast.⑤James'grandadknewmuchabouttheharmfuleffectsofsmokingwhenhewasyoung.(2)Askstudentstoscanthereadingpassagefordetailedinformationanddothefollowingmultiplechoices.①ThefirsttwosentencesofthelettershowsJames'grandpa______.A．livesahealthylife　　　B．isaddictedtosittinginthegardenC．hasnothingtodoathomeD．istiredwhenreturningfromalongbiketrip②Inwhatwaydidtheoldmantrytopersuadehisgrandsontogiveupsmoking?A．Usingscientifictheory.　　　　　　　B．Hisfailureinlove.C．Hissportsactivity.D．Hisownexperience.③Accordingtotheletter，James'grandpa______.A．didn'tgiveupsmokingB．usedtobeamemberoftheschoolfootballteamC．islonelyD．wrotedowntheadvicefromhisexperience④______forcedJames'grandpatogiveupsmoking.A．ThatherantooslowB．ThathewastakenofftheschoolfootballteamC．HisgirlfriendD．Hisparents9,⑤WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Aperson'ssmokingcanhavebadeffectsonotherpeople.B．It'snoteasyforapersontogiveupsmoking.C．Smokinghasnoeffectsonsportsperformance.D．Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtocigarettesindifferentways.(3)Readthesecondpartofthetextandchoosethecorrectwordsorphrasestofillintheblanks.Chooseadaythatisnot______toquitsmoking.Makealistofallthe______youwillgetfromstoppingsmoking.______allyourcigarettesattheendofthedaybeforeyouplantoquit.______thelistofbenefitsyouwrotewhenyoufeellikesmoking.Developsomeotherhabitslikewalking，drinkingsomewater，cleaningthehouseandsoontokeepyourselfbusy.Ifyoufeelnervousorstressed，trytodosome______exerciseslikedeepbreathing.Youcanstopsmokingwithafriendorjoinagroup.Ifyoufeelreallybad，askadoctoror______forhelp.Themostimportantthingistokeeptrying.Don'tfeel______ifyou______andhaveacigarette，becausesomepeoplehavetotrymanytimesbeforetheyfinallyquitsmoking.Nevergiveupandyouwillsucceed.Suggestedanswers:(1)①T　②F　③F　④T　⑤F(2)①～⑤ADBBC(3)stressful；benefits；Throwaway；Reread；relaxation；chemist；ashamed；weakenStep4　LanguagestudyDealwithanylanguageproblemifany(wordsorsentencesstudentsmightnotunderstand)tohelpthestudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthetext.Step5　Listening，readingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebookafterclassashomework.Collocations：dueto，beaddictedto，beaccustomedto，dodamageto，gooutwith，takeoff，quitsmoking，decideon，bedetermined，feellike，reachfor，feelstressed/ashamedStep6　StudyingtheorganizationofthetextKeysforreference：Eachparagraphofthereadingpassagebeginswithatopicsentence.Step7　Discussion1．WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkJames'grandfatheris?2．Whatdoyouthinkcanbedonetoprotectnon－smokersespeciallywomenandbabiesfromthosewhosmoke？(Ithinkthat.../Inmyopinion.../Ibelievethat.../It'seasytodo...)Suggestedanswers：1．Heisfitandhealthyandleadsanactivelife.Hecaresforhisgrandson'swell－beingandloveshim.Heisknowledgeable.2．Inmyopinion，weshouldseparatesmokingandnon－smokingareasinpublicplaces.Step8　Homework1．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2．Writeashortpassageabouthowtogiveupsmoking(searchasmuchinformationas9,possible)．Step9　Reflectionafterteaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ.8reasonsforsmokingNo，notatalldearreaders，thisarticleisnotmeanttopromotesmokingbuttopointoutseveralreasonswhyonewouldliketosmoke.Ofcourse，itisahabitandsorepeatedoverandoveragainbuttherearefactorsbehindanindividual'ssmokinghabit.Smokingtobaccoisnowverycommonevenamongteenagersandwhileadministrationsinthecountriesaretryingtoprohibitsmokingontheothersidetheyarealsoawareabouttherevenuesgeneratedeachotherthroughtobacco.Letushaveaquicklookatthereasonsforsmoking：Fewpeoplesmokeastheyhaveanideaoffeelingmasculine.Nicotinehasacharacteristicofgrippingitspatientwithconstantcravingforsomemore.Socialgatheringsandmeetingshavealsoledtoincreaseinsmoking.Alcoholandotheraddictionsalsosupportthecharacteroftobaccoingivinghigh.Fewpeoplethinkthatsmokingacigarettegivesanimpressionofbeingcarefree.Fewsmokesduetotheirburningemotionsofheartbreak.Smokinghabitisalsofoundtobegivenininheritancebyparents.Somedietlosershavecaughttheideathatsmokingburnscaloriesandhaveshunnedthebadeffectsofsmokingfromtheirmind.Ⅱ.SmokinghurtsmindaswellasbodyMiddle－agedadultswhosmoketendedtoperformpoorlyontestsofmemoryandreasoningcomparedtonon－smokers，addingtothelistofreasonsnottosmoke，FrenchresearcherssaidonMonday.Analyzingpreviouslycollecteddataonabout5000Britishcivilservants，theresearchersfoundthosewhosmokedweremorelikelythanpeoplewhoneversmokedtobeinthelowest－performingoffivegroupsintestsofmemory，reasoning，vocabularyandverbalfluency.Smokingwasassociatedwithmentaldeclineinmiddleage，asitiswithdementiaandahostofphysicalillslaterinlife，theyfound.“Smokinginmiddleageisassociatedwithmemorydeficitanddeclineinreasoningabilities，”concludedSeverineSabiaandcolleaguesfromtheNationalInstituteofHealthandMedicalResearchinVillejuif，France.Comparedtosmokers，peoplewhosaidtheyhadquitcigarettesweremorelikelytoadopthealthierbehaviors，suchasdrinkinglessalcohol，beingmorephysicallyactive，andeatingmorefruitandvegetables，SabiareportedinthejournalArchivesofInternal.Theparticipantswereaged35to55atthebeginningofthestudy，whichfollowedsomesubjectsupto17years.Thestudyalsodemonstratedhowdifficultitcanbetoconductlong－termresearchonsmokers：morethantwiceasmanysmokersasnon－smokersrefusedtotakethememorytestagainorwerenotabletobere－tested，insomecasesbecausetheydiedintheinterim.9,9