Period3　Grammar—theUseof“It”(1)教学内容分析　　　Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammar：theuseof“it”．Theimpersonalpronoun“it”isusedfrequentlyinEnglishandhasmanydifferentfunctions.“It”canbeusedinthesubjectorobjectposition，tostandforaninfinitive，－ingformoraclause.Theimpersonalpronoun“it”canbeusedtotalkabouttime，distance，weather，etc.“It”canalsobeusedforemphasis.Inthisperiodwewillfocusononlypartofitsusages，thatis，theuseof“it”whenthesubjectofasentenceisaclause，aninfinitive，orthe－ingform.三维目标设计　　　Knowledgeandskills1．Toletthestudentslearntheuseof“it”．2．Toenablethestudentstouse“it”correctlyandproperly.Processandmethods1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickoutthesentenceswiththeword“it”inthemandwritesomeontheblackboard.2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverhow“it”isusedinvariousways.3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage21forstudentstomastertheuseof“it”．4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheuseof“it”．5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage57andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.2．Todevelopthestudents'abilityofcomparingandsummarizing.教学重、难点　　　1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesofthepronoun“it”．2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtouse“it”．Step1　Revision1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.3．TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish：(1)她对电视入了迷。(2)虽然有暴风雨，我们依旧准点到达了火车站。(3)我每次去访问他，他都不在。Suggestedanswers：(1)Sheisaddictedtotelevision.(2)Wearrivedatthestationinspiteofthestorm.[来源:Zxxk.Com]5,(3)EverytimeIcallonhim，heisout.Step2　WarmingupAskthestudentstorereadthepassageandfindoutthesentenceswiththeword“it”inthem.Forexample：(1)ItisabeautifuldayhereandIamsittingunderthebigtreeattheendofthegarden.(2)ItseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometresinanafternoon.(3)Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefindingitdifficulttogiveitup.(4)Itmighthelpyoutostopandstrengthenyourresolve.Askthestudentstothinkabouttheuseof“it”accordingtotheabovefoursentences.Step3　GrammarlearningAskthestudentstostudythefollowingsentencesandtrytosummarizethestructureandusagesof“it”．1．Thepersonalpronoun“it”andtheimpersonalpronoun“it”．(1)Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharderbutitdidn'thelp.(2)—Whoisknockingatthedoor?—It'sme.(3)It'saboutfivekilometersfromheretotherailwaystation.(4)It'sgettingcolderandcoldereveryday.2．“It”isusedinthesubjectorobjectposition.(1)Shethoughtitnousetellinghimaboutthat.(2)IrememberImadeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming.(3)It'simportanttodopropermemoryworkinthestudyofaforeignlanguage.(4)Itisnouselearningwithoutthinking.(5)Itisapitythatyoudidn'tseesuchagoodfilm.Step4　SummingupTrytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.1．“It”isaveryusefulwordandcanbeusedinmanyways.2．Thepersonalpronoun“it”cansubstitutesomethingthatismentionedbefore.Insomecertainsituations，“it”canstandforanunidentifiedpersonorababy.3．Theimpersonalpronoun“it”canbeusedtotalkabouttime，distance，weather，etc.4．“It”canactasasubjectoranobject，whiletherealsubjectorobjectcanbeputbackwardsintheformofaninfinitive，－ingformoraclause.Step5　GrammarpracticeAskstudentstodothefollowingexercises：1．Rewritethesentencesusing“it”structuresgiven.(1)Givingupsmokingisdifficult.(Itis...)(2)Mostpeoplebelievesmokingcausescancer.(Itisbelieved...)(3)Thenightwasdarkandstormywhentheoldmanstartedhisjourney.(Itwasa．..)(4)Don'tquitonastressfulday.(It'snouse...)Suggestedanswers：(1)Itisdifficulttogiveupsmoking.(2)Itisbelievedthatsmokingcausescancer.5,(3)Itwasadarkandstormynightwhentheoldmanstartedhisjourney.(4)Itisnousetryingtoquitonastressfulday.2．DotheremainingexercisesinExercise2inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage21.3．Firstaskstudentstodotheexercisesindividually，andthenletthemdiscussandchecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners，andfinallygivethemthecorrectanswersanddealwithanyproblemstheymightmeet.Step6　Gettingmoreaboutthegrammar1．it作形式主语的几种句型①It＋be＋形容词/名词(difficult/necessary/arule/aduty)＋for/of＋sb.todosth.②It＋be＋形容词/名词(difficult/necessary/arule/aduty)＋thatclause③It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/known)＋thatclause④It＋be＋形容词/名词(useless/nouse/nogood)＋doing⑤It＋takessb.sometime＋todosth.⑥It＋seems/appears＋thatclause⑦It＋seems/appears＋asifclause2．it作形式宾语的特殊用法。某些及物动词或短语不能加宾语从句，此时须先用it作形式宾语，然后接宾语从句。此种用法常用于like，dislike，hate，appreciate，dependon，seeto等后。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.I'llappreciateitifyouclosethedoorforme.Ilikeitintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.3．it引起的几个易混的时间句型1)It'stimeforsb.todosth.和It's(about/high)timethatsb.didsth.(shoulddosth.)。例如：It'stimeforustogotobed.It's(about/high)timethatwewent/shouldgotobed.注意：It's(about/high)timethat句型中，谓语动词须用虚拟语气，即用动词的过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)。(2)It/This/Thatis＋thefirst/secondtime＋thatsb.has/havedonesth.和It/This/Thatwasthefirst/secondtimethatsb.haddonesth.例如：Thisisthefourthtimethatshehasrungyoutoday.ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.(3)Itwillbelong/hours/days/yearsbeforesb.do/doessth.和Itwaslong/hours/days/yearsbeforesb.didsth.例如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforewemeetagain.ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagainlastnight.(4)Itis/hasbeen＋years/days/weekssincesb.didsth.和Itwasyears/days/weekssincesb.haddonesth.例如：—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful.It'syearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.ItwasyearssinceIhadbegantolearnEnglish.(5)Itis/was＋具体时间点＋whenclause。例如：It's6o'clockwhenIgohomefromschooleveryday.[来源:学,科,网]Itwasfiveo'clockwhentheyfinishedthejob.5,注意：在本结构中，when引导的从句是定语从句，具体时间点是先行词。Step7　SummingupTrytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.1．TherearemanysentencepatternsinEnglishwith“it”inthem.“It”hasmanyfunctions.2．When“it”actsasasubjectoranobject，therealsubjectorobjectcanappearintheformofaninfinitive，－ingformoraclause.Theimpersonalpronoun“it”canbeusedtotalkabouttime，distance，weather，etc.Step8　Playingagame1．Getstudentstoformgroupsof6.2．Letstudentsplaythegame“Whatisit？”．Spendsometimemakingupcluestoidentifyseveralobjects/illnesses/habitsinthisunit.Thenreadyourcluestoyourpartnerandseeifhe/shecanidentifythem.Choosethebestonestoreadtotheclass.EXAMPLES：Itisabadhabitforbothmalesandfemales.Itissomethingyoushouldn'tstartbecauseyouwillbeaddictedtoit.Itissomethingwhichisillegal.Itisaveryexpensivehabitandsoitwillwasteyourmoney.Step9　ClosingdownbyaquizShowstudentsthefollowingonthescreenorgiveouttestpaperstothem.1．Ittookusoveranhour______alongthestreet.A．walk　B．towalk　C．walking　D．walked2．Ithinkitagreathonor______tovisityourcountry.A．toinviteB．inviting　C．havinginvitedD．tobeinvited3．Manypeoplenowmake______aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A．themselvesB．it　　　C．that　　D．this4．______isverycleartoeveryonethatheisroundandtalllikeatree.A．This　　B．What　　C．That　　D．It5．IntheUnitedStates，bustraveldoesn'tcostmuchastraintravel，______？A．don'ttheyB．doesit　　C．dothey　D．doesn'tit6．Someoneisatthedoor；whois______？A．this　　B．that　　C．it　　　D．he7．______raininghardforthreehourswithoutstopping.A．Itis　　B．Itwas　　C．Ithasbeen　D．Ithadbeen8．—Hastheboygothisbicyclenow?—Yes，thepolicegave______.　A．himtohimB．ittoit　　C．ittohim　D．himtoit5,9．Itisimportant______theiroffer.　A．reject　B．rejects　　C．toreject　D．rejecting10．Has______beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesportsmeeting?A．that　　B．this　　C．it　　　D．what11．Willyouseeto______thattheluggageisbroughtback?A．which　B．it　　　C．this　　D．that12．Whatshesaiddiscouragedyou，______？A．didit　B．didn'tit　[来源:Zxxk.Com]C．didshe　D．didn'tshe13．____________(已经有三年了)sincehisfatherpassedaway.14．____________(不久)thepolicearrived.[来源:学。科。网]15．____________(已经八点了)whenhegothome.16．____________(应该……的时候了)shewrotealettertoherboyfriend.17．____________(这是第一次)thattheseEuropeanshavevisitedtheGreatWall.Suggestedanswers：1～5BDBDB　6～10CCCCC　11～12BB13．Itis/hasbeenthreeyears14．Itwasnotlongbefore15．Itwasalreadyeighto'clock16．Itis(high)timethat17．ItisthefirsttimeStep10　HomeworkFinishofftheWorkbookexercises.5