Unit5　Thepowerofnature本单元的中心话题是火山、飓风、地震和洪水等自然灾害，听说读写等语言知识和语言技能主要围绕“自然灾害”及如何预防和利用自然灾害这一主题进行。本单元引导学生讨论这些问题，目的在于帮助学生掌握与“自然灾害”这一主题有关的词汇知识，让他们了解自然界的威力，认识到人类只有保护自然，才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然，同时也培养了他们热爱大自然的情操。本单元的主要教学内容如下表所示：类别课程标准要求掌握的内容[来源:学*科*网]话题volcanoes；craterlakes；cyclones；floods[来源:Z,xx,k.Com][来源:学科网][来源:学科网ZXXK]词汇appointv.任命；委派ashn.灰；灰末wavevi.波动；挥手　n．波涛hurricanen.飓风；风暴suitv.适合；使适宜　n．套装questionnairen.问卷；调查表shootv.射中；射伤equipmentn.设备；装备panicv.惊慌　n．恐慌databasen.数据库；资料库guaranteev.保证；担保helmetn.头盔potentialn.潜在性；潜能　adj.可能的bootn.靴子anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望candidaten.候选人；候补者absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的bungalown.平房；小屋actualadj.实在的；实际的typhoonn.台风anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的thunderstormn.雷暴alongsideadv.在旁边；沿着边　prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边novelistn.小说家absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地fogn.雾eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生documentn.文件；证件evaluatev.评估；评价；估计rainbown.彩虹fountainv.泉水般地喷出或涌出n．喷泉；源泉balconyn.阳台tremblevi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖shotn.射击；枪炮声sweatvi.出汗　n．汗appreciationn.欣赏；感激；感谢bathevi.洗澡；游泳preciousadj.贵重的；珍贵的diagramn.图解；图表；示意图uncomfortableadj.不舒服的；不舒适的volcanon.火山unconsciousadj.失去知觉的；未察觉的9,eruptionn.火山爆发；(战争等)爆发diverseadj.多种多样的；不同的makeone'sway前往burntotheground全部焚毁glancethrough匆匆看一遍attach...to...把……附在……上varyfrom...to...由……到……不等compare...with...把……和……做比较alivevolcano一座活火山beabouttodo即将；马上；正要做partof部分runoutof跑出去；用光；耗尽outoftheway不挡道；不碍事；躲开lookdowninto向下看becoveredwith被……所覆盖，遮掩take...bysurprise使……吃惊agreatdiversityof多种多样的behometo是……的栖息地；原产地inthedistance在远处；在远方pickup拾起；捡起onearth在地球上；究竟；到底；根本protectsb./sth.against/fromsth.保护……不受……的伤害句型1.Having_collected_and_evaluated_the_information，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.(the－ingform)2.Iwas_about_togobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.(sb.beabouttodosth.when...)3.Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy，butthis_being_my_first_experience，Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.(the－ingform)4.Having_studied_volcanoes_now_for_many_years，Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.(the－ingform)5.Myjobiscollecting_information_for_a_database_about_Mount_Kilauea...(the－ingform)6.Iwasappointedasavolcanologistworking_for_the_Hawaiian_Volcano_Observatory(HVO)_twenty_years_ago.(the－ingform)功能情感：喜悦、恐惧、焦虑、惊奇(Emotions：joy，fear，anxiety，surprise)Ibecamesoexcitedthat...　　　　　I'mlookingforwardto...Perfect!Youdidagoodjob.I'mfrightened.Iwastrembling.Iwassoanxious...Ifeltverynervous.Oh，mygoodness.Oh，no!Ihadneverfeltsohappyas...Doesn'tthatlooklovely?Ican'twait...Iwasneversofrightened...What'shappening?What'shappened?What'sthatnoise?Where'sthe...？语法复习－ing形式(Revisethe－ingform)IwasappointedasavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)twentyyearsago.Myjobiscollecting_information_for_a_database_about_Mount_Kilauea...Having_worked_hard_all_day，Iwenttobedearly.9,Having_experienced_quite_a_few_earthquakes_in_Hawaii_already，Ididn'ttakemuchnotice.教学重点1.Getstudentstoknowaboutdisastersthatarecausedbynaturalforces.2．Havestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsaboutnaturaldisastersandletthemlearneffectivewaystomasterthem.3．Enablestudentstoexpresstheiremotionssuchasjoy，fear，anxietyandsurprise.4．Letstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofthegrammaritem：the－ingform.5．Developstudents'listening，speaking，readingandwritingability.教学难点1.Enablestudentstomastertheusagesofthe－ingform.2．Letstudentslearntowritealetterexpressingemotions.3．Developstudents'integrativeskills.课时安排Periodsneeded：6Period1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehendingPeriod2　LanguageStudyPeriod3　Grammar—the－ingFormPeriod4　ListeningandSpeakingPeriod5　ReadingandWritingPeriod6　SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessmentPeriod1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehending教学内容分析　　　Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.ThecentralpartofthisperiodisthereadingpassagewiththenameofAnExcitingJobshowingthestudentsthepowerofnature.WarmingUpgivestwotopicsforstudentstodiscuss，lettingstudentsgetsomemoreknowledgeaboutthepowerofnature.Pre－readingprovidessomequestionsandaquestionnairetohelpstudentsfocusonthetopicofthereadingpassageandleadthestudentstothinkaboutanypersonalexperiencesofworkingoutside，suchasthingsaboutclimbingintoalivevolcano，doingdangerouswork，travelling，takingrisks，adventure，studyingrocksandsoon.Readingisafirst－personaccountofavolcanologist'sexperiences.Heloveshisjobverymuchbecausehecanhelpprotectordinarypeoplefromoneofthemostpowerfulforcesonearth.HisjobiscollectinginformationforadatabaseaboutMountKilaueaandhelpingotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.Once，hewatchedaneruptionandthencollectedsomelavaforlaterstudy.Aftermanyyears，heisstillenthusiasticabouthisjob.Readingcontainsapicturethatisanabsolutelyfantasticsight.Afteraglanceatthetitleofthetextandtheheadlineswithinitweknowthatitisanaccount，inwhichtherearemanyemotionexpressions.Thenwecanunderstandthetopicofthetextandhowtheinformationisorganized.Comprehendingconsistsofthreewrittenororalexercisesforthestudentstodosoastohelp9,thestudentstogetabetterunderstandingofthetext，thatistosay，tohelptheteachertocheckhowmuchthestudentshaveunderstoodthetext.三维目标设计　　　Knowledgeandskills1．Toknowthemeaningsofthefollowingnewwordsandphrases：diagram(示意图)，volcano(火山)，erupt(爆发)，eruption(火山爆发)，ash(灰末)，hurricane(飓风)，questionnaire(调查表)，alongside(在旁边；在……旁边)，equipment(装备)，appoint(委派)，database(数据库)，evaluate(评估)，wave(波浪)，fountain(泉水般地喷出或涌出；喷泉；源泉)，absolute(绝对的)，absolutely(绝对地)，suit(一套外衣)，helmet(头盔)，boot(靴子)，potential(潜在性；潜在的)，actual(实在的)，burntotheground(全部焚毁)，makeone'sway(前往)．2．Tolearnaboutsomedisastersthatarecausedbynaturalforces，howpeoplefeelindangeroussituationsandthewaysinwhichhumansprotectthemselvesfromnaturaldisasters.3．Tolearnhowtheinformationisorganized.4．Todevelopthestudents'readingabilitybyskimmingandscanningthepassage.5．Todevelopthestudents'speakingabilitybytalkingaboutnaturalforces.Processandmethods1．WhiledoingWarmingUptheteachercanleadinthetopicofthisunitbyshowingstudentssomepicturesofnaturaldisastersandintroducingsometechnicalvocabularyconcerningvolcanoestoreviewanddevelopstudents'understandingofwhatavolcanois.Toaskstudentstoconsiderothernaturaldisastersandthewayshumansdealwiththem.2．DuringPre－readingtheteachercangoaroundtheclassroomanddiscussthequestionswithseveralstudents.Thisdiscussionshouldbestudent－centeredandarousestudents'interestinworkingoutside.Theteachershouldalsoaskthestudentssomequestionsandtrytoletthemhaveageneralknowledgeofvolcanoes.3．WhiledoingReadingandComprehending，theteachermayfirstaskthestudentstoreadthetextquicklytogetthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.Afterreadingthepassagecarefully，studentsareencouragedtoanswersomequestionsanddiscussthetextstructure.4．Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage，thestudentsshouldberequiredtoretellthevolcanologist'sexperiencesintheirownwordsattheendoftheclass.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Tostimulatestudents'lovetonature.2．Todevelopstudents'senseofcooperativelearning.教学重、难点　　　1．Toenablethestudentstolearnaboutthepowerofnatureandtodeveloptheirreadingability.2．Toenablethestudentstotalkaboutnaturalforces.Step1　Warmingup1．WarmingupbylookingandtalkingShowthefollowingpicturestothestudentsandletthemknowaboutthepowerofnatureandtalkaboutthem.9,Sampleexpressions：Whathappenedinthepicturesabove？Doyouknowanyothernaturaldisasters？Pleaseworkwithyourpartnersandmakealistofnaturaldisasters(suchasearthquake，snowstorm，flood，drought)．Haveyoueverseenavolcano?(Somenewwords：lava　erupt/eruption　crater　active/dormant/extinctvolcanoes...)2．Warmingupbyreadingthepassagebelow.SomeknowledgeaboutvolcanoesTherearethousandsofvolcanoesallovertheworld.Whatmakesvolcanoes？Whathappens?Theinsideoftheearthisveryhot.Becauseitisvery，veryhot，therockhasmeltedlikeice.Ithasbecomeliquid，likewater.Itisalwaysboiling，likewaterinakettle.Ifyouhaveseenakettleboiling，youknowthatthesteamandboilingwatertrytogetout.Theveryhotmeltedrockinsidetheearthalsotriestogetout.Usuallyitcannotbecausetheoutsideoftheearthistoothickandstrong.Butinsomeplacestheoutsideoftheearthisthinandweak.Sometimesacrack(asmallopening)appears.Thehotmeltedrock，whichwecall“lava”，pushesupthroughthecrackandburststhrough.Steamandgasshootupintotheairandthehotmeltedlavapoursout.Bigpiecesofrockmaybethrownhighintotheair.Afterawhilethevolcanobecomesquietagain.Themeltedlavabecomeshard.Laterthesamethinghappensagainandagain.Eachtimemorehotlavapoursoutontopofthecoldlavaandthenbecomeshard.Inthiswayakindofmountainisbuiltup，withaholedownthemiddle.Perhapsthevolcanowillthenbequietandnomorelavawillburstout.Perhapsitwillstartagainhundredsofyearslater.VesuviusisthenameofaveryfamousvolcanoinItaly.Itfirstcametolifemany，manyyearsago.Itwasquietforhundredsofyears.Thenintheyear79itsuddenlyburst.Agreatcloudofsmokeshotupintotheskywithgreatburningrocks，whichfellallaround.Hotlavapoureddownitssides.About3000peoplewerekilled.Step2　Pre－reading1.Canyouimagineclimbingintoalivevolcanoinordertomeasurethetemperatureoftheboilingrockinside？Now，readthefollowingpassageplease.WhydoesTazieffriskhislifelikethis?HarounTazieff，thepolishscientist，hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.In1948，hewenttoLakeKivuintheCongotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosedtothevolcanoeswhileitwaseruptingviolently.Thoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs，hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoesforverylong.Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely.ButTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime，hewaiteduntilthevolcanoesbecamequietandhewasabletoreturntwodayslater.Thistime，hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.Hehasbeenabletotellus9,moreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.2．Encouragestudentstotalkmoreaboutvolcanoesbylookingatthefollowingpictures.Step3　Readingandcomprehending1．Fast－reading：Askstudentstoskimthepassagesoastogetthekeywordsandgeneralideaofeachparagraphandanswerthequestion：What'sthemainideaofthetext?2．Readthepassagecarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whyisavolcanologist'sjobimportant?(2)WhyisthelavathatflowsonMountKilaueamoredangerousthantheactualeruption?(3)Whywasitdifficultforthewritertowalktowardstheedgeofthecrater?(4)Whatdoesthewriterfindimpressiveaboutvolcanoesevenafterstudyingthemformanyyears?(5)Whatdidtheauthorthinkitwaswhenaneruptionoccurred?(6)Whydidthescientistslooklikespacemen?Suggestedanswers：1．Thispassageisafirst－personaccountofavolcanologist'sexperiences.Thevolcanologistdescribedhisexcitingjobandwrotedownhisfirstsightofaneruption.2．(1)Volcanologistsstudyvolcanoessothattheycanwarnpeoplewhenthevolcanoisgoingtoeruptandsosavemanylives.(2)Thelavaflowsdownthemountainandcancoveruporburnvillagesinitspath.Therocksthateruptfromthevolcanousuallydon'tdamageanythingbecausenoonelivesnearthecrater.(3)Theauthorwaswearingspecialprotectiveclothingthatmadeitdifficulttowalk.(4)Theauthorfindstheirbeautyandtheirpotentialtocausegreatdamageveryimpressive.(5)Hethoughtitwasanearthquake.(6)Becausetheyworewhiteprotectivesuitsthatcoveredtheirwholebody.3．Askstudentstoscanfordetailedinformationanddiscussthefollowingquestionwiththeirpartnersandbepreparedtoreporttotheclass.Question：Havinglearnedalittlemoreabouttheworkofavolcanologist，doyouthinkitisanoccupationyouwouldenjoy？Giveyoureasons.Suggestedanswers:No，Iprobablywouldn'tenjoythisjobbecauseIwouldn'thavetoliveinothercountriesandIdon'tlikebeingindangeroussituations，either.Aboveall，I'mnotverygoodatscience.ORYes，I'dlovetodoajoblikethisbecauseIwouldenjoyworkingoutsideandIthinkIwouldenjoytheadventure.ItwouldbeexcitingtomeetpeoplefromdifferentcountriesandIwouldfeelgoodabouthelpingpeopleavoiddanger.Step4　LanguagestudyDealingwithanylanguageproblemifany(wordsorsentencesstudentsmightnot9,understand)tohelpthestudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthetext.Step5　Listening，readingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebookafterclassashomework.Collocations：makeone'sway，alivevolcano，beabouttodo，lookdowninto，outoftheway，becoveredwith，burntotheground，attach...to...，compare...with...，runoutofStep6　StructureanalyzingAfterreading，askstudentstodiscussthetextstructure.Keysforreference：Thispassageisafirst－personaccountofavolcanologist'sexperiences.Thevolcanologistdescribedhisexcitingjobandwrotedownhisfirstsightofaneruption.Thefirstparagraphintroducesthetopicandthethemeofthetext.Therestofthetextpresentstheinformationinchronologicalorder.Afeatureofanaccountofavolcanologist'sexperiencesistheabundanceoftimeexpressions.Thelastsentenceofthereportfunctionsasaconclusion.Inaddition，eachsectionbeginswithatopicsentence.Step7　RetellingAskstudentstotalkaboutthevolcanologist'sexperiencesintheirownwords.Givethemsomekeywordsandexpressions.Thenletthemtrytoretellthepassage.Step8　Homework1．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2．Trytofindmorepicturesshowingnaturalforcesandtalkaboutthem.Step9　Reflectionafterteaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Reading：AnExcitingJobStepⅠ：Lead－inStepⅡ：Fastreading：ReadthepassageAnExcitingJobasquicklyasyoucanandtrytogetthemainideaofthepassage.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?9,A．AneruptionoccurredinHawaii.B．Avolcanologist'sjobisexciting.C．Avolcanologist'sexcitingjobandhisfirstsightofaneruption.D．Asightofaneruptionishorrible.StepⅢ：Detailedreading1．Readthefirstandthesecondparagraphsandfinishthefollowingtasks.①Whyisavolcanologist'sjobimportant?________________________________________________________________________②Thewriterdoesn'tmindtheoccasionaldangerofhisjobbecause______.A．hetravelstounusualplacesandmeetsinterestingpeoplefromallovertheworldB．helikesthedifferentwaysofworkingC．hethinkshisjobthemostimportantD．heisexcitedaboutdangerandfeelsalive③Asaresultofthevolcanologist'sjob，______.A．otherscientistspredicttheprogressoflavafromthevolcanoB．manypeoplehavebeenwarnedtoleavetheirhomesC．theeruptioncauseslessdamageD．theeruptionmaybepreventedfrombreakingout2．Readthethirdandthefourthparagraphsandfinishthefollowingtasks.①Whatmadethewriterrealizethataneruptionoccurred?②Whatdoesthewritermeanbyusing“lucky”inthesentence“Iwasluckyenoughtohaveamuchcloserlookatit”？A．Hefeltmuchsaferonthetopwhiletheothertwoscientistsclimbedintothecrater.B．Itwashisfirstsightofaneruption.C．Itwasthefirsttimeforhimtowatchthecrater.D．BothBandC.3．Readthelastparagraphandprepare1－2questionstoaskyourpartnersaboutit.StepⅣ：Searchingreading1．Analyzethesentence.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation，Ihelpedotherscientiststopredictwherethelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation是______，在句子中作______；predict后是由where和how引导的两个______。2．Whichsentenceinthetestcanbereplacedbythefollowingone.ThereasonwhyIdon'tmindthatmyjobissometimesdangerousisthatdangercanbeexcitingandmakemefullofenergy.________________________________________________________________________3．Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.“Potential”means：A．possibility　　　　　　B．opportunity4．TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformanyyears，Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellas9,theirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.________________________________________________________________________StepⅤ：DiscussionHavinglearnedalittlemoreabouttheworkofavolcanologist，whatqualitiesdoyouthinkavolcanologistshouldhave？Whatqualitydoyouthinkisthemostimportant？Andgiveyourreasons.Doyouliketobeavolcanologist?StepⅥ：Homework1．Formoreinformationaboutnaturalforces，youmayreferto：http：//baike.baidu.com2．FinishtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsonPage36.MountEtnaSicily'sgreatestnaturalattractionisalsoitshighestmountain.TotheancientGreeks，MountEtnawastherealmofVulcan，godoffire，andthehomeoftheone－eyedmonsterknownastheCyclops.Atapproximately3350meters，itisEurope'shighestactivevolcano.Thesizeofthesummitchangeswitheacheruption，andoverthecenturiesafewlavaflowshavereachedthecoast.Over1200squaremetersofEtna'ssurfaceiscoveredwithsolidifiedlava.Etnaoffersskiinginthewintermonthsandbreathtakinghikesinthewoodsduringthesummer.TherearealsoanumberofsmallerpeaksontheslopesofEtna，andsomeinterestingcaverns.SinceEtnaisastratovolcano，withrelativelycoollavatemperaturesandnumerousopenings(vents)，nobodyeverknowspreciselywhereonitsvastsurfacethenexteruptionwillbe.Etna'slongrecordedhistoryhasproveninvaluabletotheworld'svolcanologists.9