Unit4Reading词汇汇总1.datebackto追溯到，后接点时间，在句中做谓语时，常用一般现在时，无被动态。＝datefromdateback意为“追溯;存在”，后接“段时间”eg.TheGreatWallofChinadatesbacktothethirdcenturyB.C.Thebeautifulfolklegenddatesbackmorethan300years.2.scalen.1)磅秤；天平盘apairofscales一台天平aspringscale弹簧秤weighsth.Inthescale用秤称2)规模；程度；范围（与on连用）onalarge/big/vast/grandscale3.conflictn.(c.或u.)/vi.斗争Eg.1)Somepeoplefeelthereisagreatdealof~betweenreligionandscience.2)Thetwopartieshavebeenin~sincetheelection..3)DoBritishlaw~withanyinternationallaws?4.tightadj.紧的；紧密的a~knot打的紧紧的结a~rope绷紧的绳索a~ship不漏水的船Myshoesaretoo~5.sealn.1)海豹2）封口；封条vt.封闭eg.~anenvelopMylipsaresealed,Iwon’ttellyou.我现在守口如瓶，不会告诉你的。6.appealto(prep.)sb.对……有吸引力appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁appealtosb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事eg.Thisidea~edtohisfather.,Weare~ingtothegovernmentforfoodandclothes.Thegovernmentis~ingeveryonetosavethewater.7.attachsth.to(prep.)把……系在……上attachto与……有联系attachimportance/significance/value/weight…tosth.认为……有重要性(意义,价值,分量)beattachedto爱慕……依恋……;附属于……Eg.1)Please~thislabeltothebottle.2)Doyouliveinabedroomwithabathroomattached?3)Thisinstituteis~edtotheUniversityofTexas.这个研究所附属于得州大学.4)Iamverymuch~edtothatoldcar.5)Mostpeopleattachgreatimportancetotheirchildren’seducation.8.distantadj.远的a~relativedistancen.远方;距离inthedistanceatadistancekeepsb.ata~(对某人)保持距离9.fluencyn.流利fluentadj.流利的flun.流感speakEnglishwithfluencyspeakfluentEnglish10.botany(u.n.)植物学BotanyBay植物湾botanist(c.n.)植物学家botanicaladj.植物学的~garden植物园11.beardn.下巴上的胡须weara~留胡须mustachen.唇上的胡须,whiskersn.脸颊的胡子Warming–upandreading1.adapttoadapt(oneself)tobeadaptedtoeg.Oureyesslowlyadaptedtothedark.Weadaptedourselvestothehotweather.2.Sb.befamiliarwithsth.Sth.befamiliartosb.Eg.Heisfamiliarwiththeplant’snames.=Theplant’snamesarefamiliartohim.3.比较：faraway,far-away,farawayfromfarfrom1)faraway作表语或状语；away可以省去；也可作后至定语。2)far-away作前至定语3)farawayfrom只表距离，away可省去。4)farfrom除表距离外，还有“远远不，完全不，并非”之意，后接名词，动名词或形容词eg.Theydon’tlivefar(away).Theyliveatafar-awayplace.Theschoolisfar(away)frommyhouse.Iamfarfrom(being)happyinmypresentjob.一点也不满意――Areyoucold?----Farfromit!怎么会（反而有点热）4.as作关系代词Eg.Hewasaforeigner,asIknewfromhisaccent.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoudon’tunderstand.Asisknowntoall,Chinaisstrongerandstronger.5.times1）时代inmoderntimes/fallbehindtimes,2)境况，日子，时势Timeshavebeengoodsince1980.3)倍数，次数6.bringback/up/in/about/~sb.backtolife7.sendaway把……送往别处,解雇,打发走Eg.HesenthissonawaytoschoolinGermany.sendup/for/off=seeoff/out(发送,发出)8.opportunity(C;U)机会;良机havean~todosth./doingsth.catch/seize/takean~give/offeran~比较:opportunity/chanceOpportunity多指特殊的机会,含期待的意味,而chance多指偶然的机会,含侥幸之意;有时可互换.但chance还可表可能性Eg.Thereisachancethathemaybealive.9.introduceAtoB把A介绍给BIntroduceoneselfIntroduce…into/insp.把某物引进某地10.purpose:onpurposewiththepurposeofforthepurposeofWhat’sthepurposeofdoingsth?tothepurpose中肯地11.ruinvt.毁灭;毁坏+宾语n.(C.)废墟’遗迹复数加s(U.)毁坏,破坏Eg.Shepouredwaterallovermypaintingand~edit.Wesawthe~softhechurch.Drinkledtohis~.酗酒把他毁了.短语:inruins成为废墟/gointoruin/comeintoruin(毁灭)/ruinone’shope,Reading212.overtime经过一段时间Eg.CanyoustayoverSunday?13.rewardn.报酬,报答,奖赏Vt.奖赏,酬劳Eg.Shegotnothingin~forhiskindness.Hegota~of$500.Ishall~himforhisdevice.Hislaborwere~edwithgoodfruit.他的努力获得了美好的成果.14.passonto传递Eg.Readtheletterandpassitontohim.passaway去世passby15.合成词:long-tongued/light-colored/tube-shaped/